一种新型复合天然抗氧化剂的研究

研究了一种由甘草提取物、陈皮提取物、卵磷脂、抗坏血酸和柠檬酸组成的复合天然抗氧化剂。通过响应面分析法得到了的具有最佳抗氧化性的复合天然抗氧化剂,其各成分比例为30∶60∶20∶1∶2。在添加量相同的情况下,复合天然抗氧化剂的抗氧化性高于BHT和茶多酚,但比TBHQ低。     

肉桂醛-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的喷雾干燥法制备及表征

为了提高肉桂醛的稳定性,采用喷雾干燥法制备羟丙基-β-环糊精-肉桂醛包合物,并对包合物的结构、热稳定性及缓释特性进行研究。结果表明,当肉桂醛和羟丙基-β-环糊精质量比为1:2、进料速度20 mL/min、进风温度180℃时包合率达到77.6%。红外光谱、差示扫描量热、热重以及扫描电镜分析,证实了肉桂醛包合物的形成,被包埋后肉桂醛的热稳定性得到显著提高。释放特性表明,肉桂醛包合物在模拟海水中的释放率显著低于在纯水中的释放率,有望应用于海产品保鲜领域。     

大米蛋白酶解物体外清除自由基及抗脂质过氧化作用的研究

采用比色法测定了不同剂量的大米蛋白酶解物对清除超氧阴离子、羟自由基、DPPH自由基及抗脂质过氧化的作用。结果表明:(1)大米蛋白酶解物能有效地清除自由基O_2~-·、OH~-及DPPH,在50 mgpro/mL时,对活性氧自由基清除最佳;(2)大米蛋白酶解物可抑制小鼠肝组织的脂质过氧化,尤其对Fe~(2+)诱导的肝组织过氧化损伤更具有保护作用且在50 mgpro/mL时作用最强;能减少红细胞溶血的发生;(3)大米蛋白酶解物在体外试验中具有抗氧化活性,且在10～50 mgpro/mL作用最佳。     

Role of physical structures in bulk oils on lipid oxidation

Lipid oxidation is important to food manufacturers especially when they increase unsaturated lipids in their products to improve nutritional profiles. Unfortunately, the number of antioxidants available to food manufacturers to control oxidative rancidity is limited and the approval of new antioxidants is unlikely due to economic barriers in obtaining government approval for new food additives. Therefore, new antioxidant technologies are needed for food oils. This paper reviews the current knowledge of lipid oxidation in foods with emphasis on how physical properties of food systems impact oxidation chemistry. In particular, the role of association colloids in bulk oils on lipid oxidation chemistry is discussed in an attempt to understand mechanisms of oxidation. Increasing the understanding of how physical properties impact lipid oxidation could lead to the development of novel antioxidant technologies that not only protect the oil against oxidation and increase shelf-life but also allow food manufacturers to include more nutritionally beneficial fatty acids in their products.     

提高深黄被孢霉菌丝细胞油脂合成总量及其不饱和脂肪酸酯含量的研究

葡萄糖的添加方式对深黄被孢霉（Ｍｏｒｔｉｅｒｅｌａｉｓａｂｅｌｉｎａ）Ｍ０１８菌株细胞油脂的生物合成影响显著，葡萄糖流加（３０ｈ）培养所得菌体细胞油脂含量达８０．５％，比消前一次性加入培养所得菌体细胞油脂含量提高了１７．２％。Ｚｎ２＋可显著提高油脂的碘值，但对细胞油脂合成总量影响甚微。柠檬酸钠有利于菌丝细胞生长，但不利于油脂的生物合成。培养温度在２０～２５℃之间适合菌丝细胞的生长，也有利于细胞合成油脂，低温有利于不饱和脂肪酸酯的合成。Ｍ０１８菌株将葡萄糖转化合成油脂的同时，菌丝细胞形态发生显著改变，丝状细胞逐渐膨大呈球形或椭圆形。以乙醇和正已烷对菌体进行分步抽提，油脂得率最高。     

Study of the refirming effect of a plant complex

Loss of skin elasticity is one of the main problems of ageing. This is a mechanical property influenced by elastin, a protein in the dermis which, together with collagen and glycosaminoglycans, makes up the connective tissue. This tissue is affected by a large number of events (such as cutaneous ageing, pregnancy, slimming processes and cellulitis) which eventually cause it to change. At the same time, the metabolism of the proteins of the connective tissue decreases and there is an ever greater presence of enzymes, principally elastases and collagenases, which are responsible for breaking down the elastin and the collagen. One way to prevent such a loss of elasticity is to use active ingredients that are able to inhibit elastase enzymes. A plant complex was prepared using the following plants: lady's thistle (Silybum marianum GAERTN), alchemilla or yarrow (Alchemilla vulgaris L.), horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) as well as germinated seeds (Glycine soja Siebold and Zucc., Triticum vulgare Vilars, Medicago sativa L., Raphanus sativus L.). The complex was standardized to give the corresponding active principles, silybin, tannins, silicon and peptides, respectively, and in vitro enzymatic tests were carried out to establish its ability to inhibit elastase. The study of enzymatic inhibition was carried out using two enzymes: (1) porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE), and (2) human leukocyte elastase (HLE). The results showed that the plant complex presents non-competitive inhibition in the order of 41.0% against PPE and 50.0% against HLE. An in vivo test was made alongside the in vitro test using an SEM 474 Cutometer (Courage & Khazaka) to study the elasticity of the skin, and positive effects were obtained when applying a cosmetic formulation containing 5% of the plant complex. Image analysis of duplicates of the cutaneous surface, before and after treatment began with a product containing 5% of plant complex and showed that wrinkles were decreased by 36.7%.     

黄芪多糖铬络合物的合成及其降血糖活性的初步研究

从黄芪药材中提取了黄芪多糖,制备黄芪多糖的铬络合物,并研究了黄芪多糖及其铬络合物对链脲佐菌素致高血糖小鼠模型的降糖作用。提取的黄芪多糖经过纯化后,在碱性条件下与三价铬离子络合,用IR、UV手段初步表征了络合物的形成。用链脲佐菌素致高血糖小鼠,药物分低、中、高三个剂量组给药,黄芪多糖铬络合物低、中、高三个剂量组与给药前相比都能显著降低高血糖小鼠的血糖（p〈0.05）,而黄芪多糖仅低剂量组与给药前相比有降糖效果（p〈0.05）。因而黄芪多糖铬络合物具有比黄芪多糖更强的降糖效果,有一定的开发前景。     

槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物清除自由基的活性研究

为改善槲皮素的水溶性,将其制成锌(Ⅱ)配合物,测定了槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物对四种自由基——DPPH·、·OH自由基、O-2·自由基以及烷基自由基的清除能力,并同VC、BHT进行了比较。并通过体内实验,测定其在小鼠体内的总抗氧化能力。结果表明:在实验质量浓度范围内(0.05～1.2mg/mL),槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物对DPPH·、·OH自由基、O-2·自由基的清除率可达90.51%、85.65%和79.81%;其对烷基自由基的抑制率为82.67%,且其抗氧化活性强于VC和BHT。小鼠体内的总抗氧化能力的测定结果显示,槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物在高剂量时具有最大抗氧化力,为12.7980±0.9131单位/mL血清。结果表明,槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物是一种有效的自由基清除剂。     

复合L-氨基酸镁络合物合成的研究

以豆粕为原料,利用酶水解工艺制备复合L-氨基酸,将氯化镁与复合L-氨基酸螯合制备复合L-氨基酸镁。结果表明:豆粕酶水解最佳工艺条件为:固液比1∶25、pH8.5、加10%胰蛋白酶与8%植物蛋白酶、酶解时间4h,所得豆粕水解度为37.80%。复合氨基酸与氯化镁螯合的最佳工艺条件为:配位摩尔比3∶1、pH8.0、温度80℃、时间50min,此条件下螯合率为45.82%。经红外光谱分析,复合L-氨基酸与氯化镁之间存在螯合作用。     

小麦脂类研究进展

脂类物质是小麦面粉中的重要功能性成分,它对面团特性、面包以及馒头的品质影响很大.综述了小麦脂类的研究进展,包括小麦脂类的分布与种类,脂类的提取方法,脂与淀粉的相互作用以及对淀粉特性的影响,脂与蛋白质的相互作用,脂在食品中的作用机制,为以后的研究提供了可靠的参考.