超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定樱桃酒中的5种酚酸

建立了超高液相色谱-串联四级杆质谱联用(UPLC-MS/MS)技术同时检测樱桃酒中没食子酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、绿原酸、香草酸和咖啡酸5种生物活性酚酸的方法。采用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH色谱柱(100×2.1mm,1.7μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%甲酸,在梯度条件下进行分析,分析物在负离子模式下用保留时间和质谱信息进行定性,峰面积进行定量,并评价其定量分析的精密度、线性和检出限。结果显示,回收率在82.3%～110.8%之间;相关系数r>0.99,线性关系良好;精密度的相对标准偏差RSD<2.0%,检出限为0.020～0.050mg/L,说明该方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏,可用于樱桃酒中酚酸的检测。此外,实验采用SPSS17.0软件对樱桃酒的理化指标和5种酚酸进行了简单相关分析。     

葡萄酒中赭曲霉毒素A污染情况及其分析方法的研究进展

葡萄酒作为一种酒精饮料,对众多国家的经济贡献是显著的。然而,该商品容易被某些真菌产生的霉菌毒素所污染,其中最受关注的是产赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A, OTA)的炭黑曲霉。赭曲霉毒素A是葡萄酒中主要存在的霉菌毒素,严重影响着人类的健康。因此,葡萄酒的风险监测和暴露研究至关重要。本研究重点阐述了OTA的生物合成途径及其调控机制,同时,介绍了酿酒过程中OTA的变化情况以及控制和检测OTA的方法,旨在为保证葡萄酒产品的质量安全提供一些理论参考。     

Phenolic Substances,Flavor Compounds,and Textural Properties of Three Native Romanian Wine Grape Varieties

In this work, the chemical compositions and texture characteristics of three native Romanian wine grape varieties (Feteasc? regal?, Feteasc? alba, and Feteasc? neagr?) were studied. We assessed the distinct characteristics directly linked to their phenolic compositions, volatile profiles, and mechanical properties and compared these characteristics with those of Pinot noir grapes. The effect of the growing zone was also evaluated. Various spectrophotometric indices directly related to the phenolic compositions of berry skins and seeds were determined. The detailed phenolic compositions (anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamoyl tartaric acids, and stilbenes) of the skins were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography methods. Free and bound volatile compounds in the berries were quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The textural properties of the skins and seeds were measured by instrumental texture analysis. The results showed high diversity among the varieties and zones that affected the enological potential. Among the white varieties, Feteasc? alb? grapes could be less susceptible to browning as a consequence of their lower trans-caffeoyltartaric acid concentration, whereas Feteasc? regal? grapes from Cluj had the highest concentrations of total free and bound volatile compounds, particularly terpenes and norisoprenoids. Among the red varieties, Feteasc? neagr? was identified as a promising variety to be exploited in the future for its particular phenolic characteristics, particularly those grapes grown in Mica. Nevertheless, Feteasc? neagr? grapes grown in Cluj had the highest total glycosidically bound terpene concentrations. Finally, differences in the mechanical and/or acoustic properties of the skins and seeds could strongly influence the kinetics and completeness of phenolic compound extractions.     

番木瓜果酒发酵及其抗氧化能力分析

以番木瓜为原料,经破碎、酶解、成分调整后接种葡萄酒活性干酵母,于（22±1） ℃发酵制备番木瓜果酒。研究发酵过程中总糖、还原糖、滴定酸含量与抗氧化能力的变化,明确番木瓜果酒的理化指标与感官品质。结果表明,番木瓜果酒发酵过程中总糖、还原糖含量逐渐降低,滴定酸含量增加,总酚含量、DPPH自由基清除率和亚铁还原能力（FRAP值）降低,pH值变化无规律性。番木瓜果酒酒精度10.7%vol,残糖量4.4 g/L,滴定酸4.5 g/L,总酚含量3.0 g/L,DPPH自由基清除率63.0%,FRAP值2.33 mmol/L,属半干型果酒,抗氧化能力较强,理化与感官品质均符合相关果酒标准要求。     

GC/MS法测定五加皮保健酒的挥发性特征成分

建立了用气相色谱-质谱联用法测定五加皮保健酒中桂皮醛、4-甲氧基水杨醛、丁香酚、藁本内酯、对甲氧基桂皮酸乙酯含量的方法，并对10个样品酒进行了检测。采用石油醚-乙醚提取法进行样品前处理，HP INNOWAX毛细管柱分离，离子法(SIM)定量。加标回收率均在91．6％以上。检测结果表明，五加皮保健酒中的挥发性特征成分含量在不同产品之间有较大差异。     

黄酒中主要上头物质及控制技术的研究

为了对黄酒中高级醇的高含量及在黄酒发酵过程中产生的高含量高级醇的因素及控制技术研究,对黄酒与其它酿造酒中高级醇含量进行了比较,认为高级醇既是黄酒的呈香、呈味物质,也是饮用黄酒后的上头物质。阐述了高级醇在黄酒生产中合成途径有埃尔利希形成机制和特定的氨基酸形成特定的高级醇,并介绍了黄酒生产中如何控制高级醇生成量的措施。     

外源性红米红色素掺伪葡萄酒鉴别检测方法的研究

研究确定了葡萄酒中添加的天然色素红米红色素的检测方法,样品经固相萃取小柱处理后高效液相色谱法进行定性、定量分析。以红米红色素中显色物质矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖苷为主要检测指标,研究二者的检测方法,确定了不同产区、不同品种的二者间含量比例关系,结果发现二者间有相对固定的比例关系,添加外源性红米红色素后破坏原有比例,当达到1∶2时就可以判定葡萄酒中是否添加了外源性天然色素红米红,解决了掺伪葡萄酒中外源红米红色素难以鉴别检测的难题。     

料酒的调味增香机理

料酒是烹饪调味不可缺少的原料之一。在菜肴制作中常用它去腥除异、和味增香、杀菌防腐。就产生料酒上述几种性能的机理进行阐述，也为强化料酒的这些性能奠定了科学依据，从而可以更好地发挥料酒的作用，制作出更多美味佳肴。     

Wine composition plays an important role in the control of carcinogenic precursor formation by Lactobacillus hilgardii X1B

BACKGROUND: Lactobacillus hilgardii, a wine lactic acid bacterium, is able to use arginine, through the arginine deiminase pathway with the formation of citrulline, a precursor of the carcinogen ethyl carbamate. The influence of different Argentine wine varieties (Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Malbec), on bacterial growth and arginine metabolism was examined. Furthermore, the effect of different components normally present in wines on the enzyme activities of the arginine deiminase system was determined. RESULTS: Malbec wine under all conditions assayed (33, 50 and 100% supplemented wine:basal media) showed higher arginine consumption and citrulline production than the other wines, as well as the highest bacterial growth and survival of Lactobacillus hilgardii X₁B. Glucose and L ‐malic inhibited both arginine deiminase enzymes while fructose and citric acid only inhibited arginine deiminase. The red wines assayed in this study had different composition, and this is an explanation for the different behavior of the bacterium. CONCLUSION: The highest citrulline production in Malbec wine could be correlated with its lower concentrations of glucose, fructose, citric and phenolic acid than the other wines. Therefore, a wine with lower concentration of these sugars and acids could be dangerous due to the formation of ethyl carbamate precursors. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry