新型多功能季铵化抗菌材料的制备与应用

综述了近年来在抗污、超滑/超亲水、可降解、促凝血、促细胞生长等新型多功能季铵化抗菌材料的分子设计和潜在应用方面取得的研究进展,指出在抗菌的同时并具有以上所提及的多种功能是抗菌材料发展的一大趋势。举例说明通过原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）技术,合成的星状聚合物（POSS-g-PDMA）,在季铵化后具有了极高的抗菌活性、相对非血溶性和可降解性。高度季铵化的基于二甲基癸基铵壳聚糖-接枝-聚(乙二醇)甲基丙烯酸酯(DMDC-Q-g-EM)和聚(乙二醇)二丙烯酸酯的抗菌水凝胶兼具抗菌和抗真菌活性、生物相容性和可重复使用性。最后对新型多功能季铵化抗菌材料的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

稀土应用开发的新趋向

本文对有可能实现商品化的稀土应用开发新领域：稀土硫化物颜料、柴油发动机用催化剂、铝电解用非自耗涂层阳极、固体氧化物燃料电池、含钪Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金等的现状和前景做了扼要介绍。小批量、多品种、高效益是稀土作为独立行业的成功之路。     

LCF－Ⅰ型浮选过程矿浆液位控制系统的研究

基于西林铅锌选矿厂锌浮选流程提出了一种新型、实用的浮选过程矿浆液位控制策略。研制了由上位计算机、ＳＲ－５３调节器、ＺＪＫ型角行程电动执行器、ＤＦＤ－０９００电动操作器、ＤＣＦ伺服放大器及传感器组成的矿浆液位控制系统，并首次尝试在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ平台上编制工业监控软件。本文详细论述了该系统的构成、上位机软件编程和系统的调试过程。     

摇床T25细胞培养瓶流体力学与传质特性研究

细胞培养技术是生物医药产业的支柱,以实现微小体积内的高密度、高通量细胞培养为目的,系统地研究了常用于单层静态培养的T25方瓶置于翘板摇床上在不同操作条件下的流体力学特性和传质性能。结果表明,振荡可以显著提高方瓶的传质速率并降低混合时间,使高密度培养成为可能,但瓶盖上的空气滤膜在高转速时成为传质速率的限制因素;培养瓶对称轴与摇床旋转轴平行时,其相对位置对混合和传质无明显影响,但当二者成45°角时,相同转速下混合时间显著缩短;使用自定义函数实现了基于动态网格的CFD模拟,对不同转速下方瓶内剪切应力和能量耗散在时间与空间上分布进行了分析,为基于T25培养瓶开发一次性高通量微型反应器提供了数据支持和理论基础。     

维生素A生物合成的研究进展

维生素A是维持人体代谢的必需维生素,在食品、药品及护肤品等多个领域占有重要地位,是三大维生素支柱产品之一,应用前景广阔。市场上的维生素A主要来源于化学合成和天然提取。近年来,随着绿色生物制造的发展,维生素A的生物合成研究取得了重大的进展。总结了维生素A生物合成的研究现状,并对维生素A生物合成的优化改造方案进行了分析归纳,概述了维生素A发酵生产以及产品组分调控和储存策略,最后对生物合成维生素A的现状进行总结与展望。     

可常温发泡的轻质高强环氧树脂泡沫的制备及性能研究

以环氧树脂E⁃44作为基体树脂、聚甲基氢硅氧烷（PHMS）为发泡剂、N⁃氨乙基哌嗪（N⁃AEP）为固化剂,采用常温发泡工艺,制备具有良好力学性能及泡孔结构的环氧树脂泡沫,研究各配方组分以及发泡方式对泡沫发泡行为以及压缩性能的影响。结果表明,PMHS含量对泡沫发泡行为有重要影响,需要严格控制,含量超过3 %会较大幅度增大泡孔直径,降低泡孔密度,恶化泡孔结构。同时纳米二氧化硅、甜菜碱（CAB⁃35）以及聚硅氧烷⁃聚氧化烯烃共聚物（DH212）等组分对泡沫的泡孔结构和力学强度都有比较大的影响。     

Five-layer reverse tape casting of IT-SOFC

Tape casting is a well-established method for manufacturing thin ceramic layers with controllable thickness and porosity. This study investigates the potential of 10Sc1CeSZ material for the electrolyte and anode layers for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFC) in an anode-supported cell (ASC) geometry. In order to use La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8 Oxide (LSCF) cathode material, a Gd_0.2Ce_0.8 Oxide (GDC) barrier layer is needed; however, thermal expansion coefficient mismatch results in delamination of the GDC from the electrolyte during high temperature sintering when fabricated by conventional tape casting procedures. For the first time, ASCs have been manufactured by a five-layer tape casting technique; barrier layer, novel composite layer, electrolyte, anode functional layer, and anode substrate. Ni-ScCeSZ composite cells were tested between 650 and 800°C in H₂:N₂ fuel (85% H₂) on the anode and air on the cathode to yield a maximum power density of .46 W/cm². These results demonstrate the feasibility of this new five-layer tape casting technique to produce IT-SOFC.     

Kinetics of crack healing and self-repair behaviors in a sealant glass for SOFC applications

A sealant is required for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to maintain hermeticity at high operating temperatures, keep fuel and oxidant from mixing, and avoid shorting of the cell stack. Glass and glass–ceramic materials are widely used as a sealant because their properties can be tailored to meet the stringent requirements of SOFC stack, but they are susceptible to cracking. In contrast, a promising concept of self-repairable glass for seals is pursued for making reliable seals that can self-repair cracks at the SOFC operating temperatures. This concept is studied through measuring crack-healing kinetics and independent measurement of glass viscosity for relating to the observed self-repair. The cracks on the glass surface are created using a Vickers indenter to achieve a well-defined crack geometry, and then the glass is exposed to elevated temperatures for different length of times to study the crack-healing kinetics. The crack-healing kinetics is compared with the predictions of our theoretical model and found to be in good agreement. In addition, glass viscosity is extracted from the healing kinetics and compared with the independent measurement of viscosity measured from the dilatometry and sintering data to further validate the crack-healing theoretical model. These results are presented and discussed.     

红外智能巡检机器人在铜电解过程中的应用

在铜电解精炼过程中阴极板经常会出现短路和凉烧现象,我们需要用高斯计拖表对整个电解槽面进行检测找出短路和凉烧现象的阴极板,人工检查不紧劳动强度大而且效率低。我们通过工厂和企业合作的方式针对槽面温度管理探讨新型红外智能巡检机器人检测方式的可行性,利用该新方式解决现有高斯计拖表检测方式的不足。     

F463L increases the potential of dofetilide on human ether‐a‐go‐go‐related gene (hERG) channels

Mutations in genes related to long QT syndrome (LQTS) is recognized as an independent risk of drug‐induced LQTS. We previously screened a mutation F463L in a Chinese patient with LQT2, syncope, and epilepsy. Here, we planned to illustrate how F463L influences the action of dofetilide on hERG channels. F463L‐hERG plasmids were transfected into the stable Human Embryonic Kidney 293 (HEK293) cells expressing WT‐hERG to generate heterozygous mutant (WT + F463L‐hERG). Whole‐cell patch clamp and laser confocal scanning microscopy were used to evaluate electrophysiological consequences and the membrane distribution of hERG protein. In comparison of WT‐hERG channels exposed to dofetilide, heterozygous F463L‐hERG channels showed a reduction in the density of tail currents when exposed amidarone. F463L‐hERG also altered the action of dofetilide on the gating properties of hERG channels. Images of dofetilide‐treated cells expressing heterozygous F463L showed a severe retention and reduction of protein expression on the membrane compared to WT. In conclusion, dofetilide displays a powerful inhibitory effect on the currents from cells expressing heterozygous F463L, thus showing an additive suppression of currents by F463L with dofetilide.