掺杂铁TiO2纳米微粒的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe^3＋掺杂改性纳米TiO2光催化剂,通过纯TiO2和掺铁TiO2分别做光催化剂时甲基橙溶液在紫外光下的光催化降解试验发现,掺杂铁离子可以有效提高TiO2的光催化活性．结果表明：选用Fe^3＋掺杂量为0．05％,煅烧温度在500℃下得到的Fe^3＋-TiO2催化剂,在甲基橙溶液pH值为3,催化剂投加量为1g／L时,其光催化活性达到最佳效果。     

纳米复合材料Ag/TiO2微波辅助合成与光催化性能

采用EO20PO70EO20(P123)作为模板剂,通过溶胶-凝胶-程序升温溶剂热一步法并经不同时间微波辐射处理,制备了一系列纳米复合材料Ag/TiO2。采用XRD、XPS、TEM、N2吸附-脱附测定和SEM-EDS等测试手段对其组成、结构及形貌等进行表征。结果显示,微波辐射5min制备的Ag/TiO2晶型结构最佳,该产物中Ag以单质形式存在,其比表面积可达100.64m2·g-1,平均孔径约为6.9nm。与未经微波辐射样品相比,其颗粒细小、结构规则、分布均匀、无明显团聚现象。以甲基橙为模型分子,考察经不同时间微波辐射处理的纳米复合材料Ag/TiO2的紫外光催化活性。结果表明,在微波功率为200W,微波时间为5min时获得的Ag/TiO2的催化活性最高,循环使用3次后降解率仍能达到80%以上。     

铋及钴掺杂TiO2陶瓷负载膜的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,Bi(NO₃)₃·5H₂O为铋源,Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O为钴源,采用溶胶-凝胶法在陶瓷基片上分别制备了应用于固定式光催化反应器的Bi-TiO₂复合膜及Co-TiO₂复合膜。研究了涂膜方式及煅烧升温速率对膜表面形态的影响,并以甲基橙溶液为目标降解物,对比了旋涂法及浸渍提拉法制备的薄膜在不同升温速率下的光催化活性。通过热分析仪(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段分析了掺杂薄膜的结构。结果表明,采用旋涂法制备的薄膜与陶瓷基体结合较为紧密,而浸渍提拉法制备的薄膜催化活性较高。当煅烧温度为500 ℃,升温速率为10 ℃/min时,其对甲基橙的降解率较高。当摩尔比为0.010时Bi-TiO₂复合膜的催化活性较佳,100 min光降解甲基橙比率达到8.10%。钴或铋掺杂TiO₂均可提高TiO₂催化剂的光催化活性,Bi-TiO₂膜的催化活性优于Co-TiO₂膜。     

An Engineered Biliverdin-Compatible Cyanobacteriochrome Enables a Unique Ultrafast Reversible Photoswitching Pathway

Cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) are promising optogenetic tools for their diverse absorption properties with a single compact cofactor-binding domain. We previously uncovered the ultrafast reversible photoswitching dynamics of a red/green photoreceptor AnPixJg2, which binds phycocyanobilin (PCB) that is unavailable in mammalian cells. Biliverdin (BV) is a mammalian cofactor with a similar structure to PCB but exhibits redder absorption. To improve the AnPixJg2 feasibility in mammalian applications, AnPixJg2_BV4 with only four mutations has been engineered to incorporate BV. Herein, we implemented femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) and ground state femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (GS-FSRS) to uncover transient electronic dynamics on molecular time scales and key structural motions responsible for the photoconversion of AnPixJg2_BV4 with PCB (Bpcb) and BV (Bbv) cofactors in comparison with the parent AnPixJg2 (Apcb). Bpcb adopts the same photoconversion scheme as Apcb, while BV4 mutations create a less bulky environment around the cofactor D ring that promotes a faster twist. The engineered Bbv employs a reversible clockwise/counterclockwise photoswitching that requires a two-step twist on ~5 and 35 picosecond (ps) time scales. The primary forward P_fr → P_o transition displays equal amplitude weights between the two processes before reaching a conical intersection. In contrast, the primary reverse P_o → P_fr transition shows a 2:1 weight ratio of the ~35 ps over 5 ps component, implying notable changes to the D-ring-twisting pathway. Moreover, we performed pre-resonance GS-FSRS and quantum calculations to identify the Bbv vibrational marker bands at ~659,797, and 1225 cm⁻¹. These modes reveal a stronger H-bonding network around the BV cofactor A ring with BV4 mutations, corroborating the D-ring-dominant reversible photoswitching pathway in the excited state. Implementation of BV4 mutations in other PCB-binding GAF domains like AnPixJg4, AM1_1870g3, and NpF2164g5 could promote similar efficient reversible photoswitching for more directional bioimaging and optogenetic applications, and inspire other bioengineering advances.     

TiO2纳米管阵列电催化降解甲基橙

采用阳极氧化法制备了TiO2纳米管阵列电极,通过考察其对模拟染料废水甲基橙(MO)的光催化降解效率来优化制备条件。研究了TiO2纳米管阵列电极电催化降解MO的活性及其影响因素,并考察了MO降解反应动力学。结果表明,MO溶液pH、电解槽压、支持电解质浓度等是TiO2纳米管阵列电极催化效率的重要影响因素。TiO2纳米管阵列电催化降解MO的反应遵守一级反应动力学规律,与TiO2纳米管阵列光催化降解MO的行为一致,且表观反应速率常数不随MO溶液浓度不同而发生改变。     

镁铝水滑石焙烧产物对甲基橙溶液的吸附性能

本文研究了Mg-Al-LDHs焙烧产物(LDO)对甲基橙的吸附性能并讨论了焙烧温度和吸附温度对反应的影响.结合XRD表征结果得到450℃焙烧产物在吸附甲基橙溶液后,恢复为LDHs层状结构;其对甲基橙溶液的吸附主要是层间吸附,即甲基橙可进入Mg-Al水滑石层间;此外,还对吸附动力学进行了讨论,结果表明:LDO对甲基橙的吸附符合准二级动力学模型.     

铬铅颜料行业的现状及走向

通过对铅铬颜料现状的简要介绍,从政策导向、健康安全环保和应用领域等方面对铅铬颜料行业的处境进行了阐述,并对其走向进行了探讨。     

电Fenton方法在甲基橙染料废水中的试验研究

考察了均相EF-Feox法(牺牲阳极法)、均相EF-Fere法和非均相电Fenton(Fe2(MoO4)3-kaolin-450)法3种电Fenton法对甲基橙偶氮染料废水的降解效果,对比了各反应体系的优缺点。与均相EF-Feox体系和均相EF-Fere体系相比,非均相电Fenton-Fe2(MoO4)3-kaolin-450体系对甲基橙的降解效果最好。当电流密度为65 mA/cm2、Fe2(MoO4)3-kaolin-450催化剂的加入量为6.6 g/L、初始pH为4.34、50 mmol/L的Na2SO4作为电解质、甲基橙的初始质量浓度为100 mg/L,甲基橙的COD去除率和脱色率分别可以达到92.48%和99.3%。将此方法应用于铬蓝黑R、橙黄Ⅱ、以及吩噻嗪类物质亚甲基蓝等染料废水体系中,同样条件下电解10 min,3者的脱色率均可以达到93%以上,说明此方法在染料废水处理中具有普遍适用性。     

活性碳纤维毡净化染料废水

以甲基橙染料溶液为目标净化物,采用单因素法,探讨了活性碳纤维毡(ACF)投加量、光源、pH值和ACF毡再生等因素对甲基橙染料溶液净化效果的影响。结果表明:在300 W氙灯照射180 min,当ACF毡投加量为0.10 g时,对100 mL质量浓度为20 mg/L的甲基橙染料溶液的净化率达95.8%;当甲基橙染料溶液的pH值=10时,ACF毡表现出较高的吸附性能;经过一次再生后的ACF毡仍具有较强的净化能力,对甲基橙染料溶液的净化率达73.8%。     

制备条件对二氧化钛光催化活性的影响

以钛酸丁酯为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了粉末二氧化钛催化剂，讨论了不同条件如：钛酸丁酯的浓度、加水量、陈化时间、陈化温度、焙烧时间和温度等条件对光催化降解偶氮染料甲基橙活性的影响和机理。试验结果表明：此催化剂有高的催化活性。