发酵肉制品中葡萄球菌的分离、鉴定

实验采用常见的发酵肉制品作为采集样品,从中分离得到具有革兰氏阳性和触酶阳性的葡萄球菌。结合菌种的表型特征对5株菌种进行鉴定,并研究了这5种菌的生理生化特征。     

传统肉制品板鸭的研究现状

板鸭是中国传统腌腊肉制品的典型代表之一。本文在总结前人工作的基础上,从理论研究现状以及现代化改良技术等内容对有关板鸭的研究进行了综述,以期为进一步发展板鸭产业奠定一定的基础。     

肉用乳酸菌发酵剂菌株的分离筛选与鉴定

作者从4种自然发酵肉制品中分离出112株乳酸菌,通过考察菌株的发酵特性和耐受性,最终获得一株性能优良的菌株T1-1。该菌株在添加8 g/dL NaCl和150 mg/kgNaNO2的MRS培养基中生长良好,并且能耐受80℃水浴10 min。通过生理生化鉴定和16S rRNA序列分析,该菌株为植物乳杆菌。     

Growth of Listeria Monocytogenes in Traditional Austrian Meat Jelly Products

Individual components of a traditional meat jelly (cooked meat chunks, gelatin and preboiled vegetable) with differences in pH and a_w can constitute a niche for the multiplication of Listeria. Listeria monocytogenes counts remained stable in jelly over 21 days at 2 and 8 °C, whereas in meat and vegetables, a >1 log₁₀ unit increase was observed after 7 days at 2 °C (or >5 log₁₀ at 8 °C). In the composed product, Listeria numbers remained stable at 2 °C (21 days), but increased more than 1 log₁₀ during 7 days at 8 °C. Improving safety of jellied meat by lowering pH is discussed.     

Quality differences of hamburger patties incorporated with encapsulated β carotene both as an additive and edible coating

In this study, different formulations of chitosan (CS) and chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) matrix solutions including β carotene were used as additives and edible coatings in hamburger patties, and the treatments were compared to control in terms of quality, oxidative and microbiological features of the patties. TBARS (2‐thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values of almost all the treatments increased throughout storage at 4 °C for 8 days. (p < .05). On the last day of storage, the treatment including 5% CS/TPP with β carotene and all the coated treatments had lower TBARS values than the other treatments (p < .05). The comparison of different treatments including the solutions of chitosan or chitosan/TPP matrix containing β carotene showed that incorporation of solution as an edible coating was more effective in lipid oxidation and microbial growth than its utilization as an additive on quality of patties according to the results on last day of storage.

Practical applications

Using polymers loaded with antioxidant agents as additives or edible coatings in food products is one of the most popular scientific approaches in recent studies. In this study, hamburger patties were incorporated with chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) matrix solution loaded with β carotene, CS/TPP matrix solution, pure chitosan solution and pure β carotene as additives and/or edible coatings. By this way, synergistic effects of β carotene with different formulations of chitosan (CS) and CS/TPP were also tested. The results showed that lipid oxidation and microbial growth in the coated patties were mostly lower than that of the other patties formulated with different additives on the last day of storage.     

Comparative study on quality characteristics of pickled and fermented sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) meat in retort cooking

Sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) meat has not been fully utilised due to quality defects which were raised by Chinese sturgeon processing industry. This study was aimed to develop a high-quality sturgeon meat product and the effect of fermentation on qualities was studied. Results showed that fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae could enhance ‘mushroom’, ‘fruity’ and ‘chocolate’ flavour by 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl acetate and 3-methyl-butanal; and enrich flavour through mild lipid oxidation and hydrolysis. In addition, fermentation could give an attractive colour with higher a*, b* and L* value. Texture properties were also improved with higher hardness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness. Higher free amino acids, TCA-soluble peptides and taste score in fermented sturgeon meat indicated better flavour and taste. The organoleptic evaluation suggested an overall satisfactory of wine-aroma sturgeon meat by fermentation with S. cerevisiae.     

植物蛋白肉的加工及品质特性研究进展

由于动物蛋白需求增加导致的环境压力增大、供给压力增大以及人体健康等问题,近年来植物蛋白肉受到国内外研究人员的广泛关注,成为食品行业的新风口。植物蛋白肉是以植物原料或其制品为蛋白质、脂肪的主要来源加工制成的具有与动物蛋白的质构、风味、形态等品质特征类似的替代肉制品。目前国内外已有多种加工方式来制备生产植物蛋白肉,但植物蛋白肉的品质与动物蛋白相比仍具有一定的差距,因此探究植物蛋白肉品质特性以及提升方法刻不容缓。本文总结了植物蛋白肉生产原料、加工技术及加工中的化学变化;阐述了植物蛋白肉的结构特性、质构及感官特性、营养特性等品质特性及分析评价方法;最后提出了改善植物蛋白肉品质的研究方向,以期为植物蛋白肉产品品质提档升级提供参考。     

传统肉制品中多环芳烃来源和检测方法研究进展

详细阐述了目前传统肉制品中多环芳烃的产生途径主要是肉制品烟熏工艺、脂肪的焦化和裂解、蛋白质高温分解和糖的不完全燃烧造成的,指出多环芳烃检测中前处理过程的重要性和困难性,讨论了各种前处理过程和检测方式的优缺点,并将我国食品中多环芳烃限量标准与欧盟限量标准相比较,指出我国在多环芳烃限量保准方面与欧盟的差距,并对多环芳烃的检测和控制技术进行展望.     

PCR-DGGE技术在肉品微生物生态学中的应用

人们一直通过传统的纯化、培养方法对肉和肉制品中的微生物进行研究,其操作过程复杂且无法准确描述完整的菌群结构。聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术因其具有快速、精确的特点在微生物生态学中得到了广泛应用。本文主要介绍PCR-DGGE技术的原理,从非发酵肉制品腐败和发酵肉制品成熟两个角度综述其在肉品微生物生态学研究中的应用,并对该技术今后在肉品微生物研究中的应用进行展望。     

北京油鸡遗传育种与品质研究进展

北京油鸡是北京地区特有的肉蛋兼用型鸡种,距今已有300余年历史,以外形独特、肉质鲜嫩、肉香浓郁而著称,是我国优质的地方鸡种,2020年获得国家农产品地理标志登记证书.本文主要从北京油鸡遗传育种、影响北京油鸡屠宰性能及肉质的因素、鸡肉风味物质研究及鸡蛋品质研究等方面进行综述,以期为北京油鸡的规模化养殖、鸡肉品质控制及产品...