煤焦小型氮肥厂采用离心压缩机联产4万吨/年低压甲醇设计

小氮肥厂采用离心压缩机对合成氨进行技术改造,联产4万吨/年低压法经济型甲醇,是煤化工C_1化学产品的发展方向。     

An Experimental Approach for the Characterisation of Rigid Porous Media and Unsaturated Conductivity Relations

A laboratory procedure for the characterisation of rigid, porous media is developed and tested. The overall objective of the characterisation is to provide a basis for the choice of a relevant unsaturated conductivity relation. With the proposed procedure, the porous materials are characterised through hydraulic conductivity measurements, saturation-pressure measurements, porosity measurements and air entry pressure measurements. The measurements were conducted using water and a selected non-aqueous phase liquid (n-decane), and two types of homogeneous, rigid porous media of different origin (fritted glass samples with guaranteed homogeneity by the manufacturer, and chalk). The laboratory method successfully characterised the fritted glass samples as homogeneous on basis of calculated tortuosity values, measured bubble pressures and measured pore-size density curves. The contact angle between the liquid and the solid had negligible impact when comparing the drainage of water with the drainage of n-decane, and also when comparingn -decane drainage in dry porous media withn -decane drainage in media where a film of water separated then -decane from the pore wall. Also, the differences in saturated conductivities between n-decane and water in both samples of chalk and fritted glass were well predicted on basis of differences in density and viscosity of the liquids. The laboratory procedure was furthermore used for characterisation of the pore space available for non-aqueous liquid flow in partially water-saturated porous media. Then -decane conductivities in the fritted glass samples partially saturated with water were considerably lower than the n-decane conductivities in the dry fritted glass samples.     

气相色谱法用于甲醇氧化转化率的研究

采用GDX 5 0 2为固定相 ,用GC色谱法对常温常压下甲醇氧化为甲醛的转化率进行监测。找出了分离测定甲醇、甲醛、水、甲酸、乙醇等物质的优惠色谱条件。该法灵敏度高 ,甲醇的最小检测量为 9 2 6× 10 - 7g。考察了氧化剂的种类、用量、介质的选择和氧化时间的长短、温度、溶剂等因素对甲醇氧化转化率的影响 ,得到了优惠反应条件。结果表明 :常温常压下 ,不采用任何催化甲醇氧化转化率可达 72 38% ,甲醛回收率为 92 0 8%。     

新己烯的合成研究

采用加压方法,在无水AlCl3催化和少量助催化剂作用下,以乙烯、叔丁基溴为原料合成新己基溴;实验表明300g叔丁基溴,在35g催化剂的催化下,最佳的反应条件是150mL正己烷作溶剂,反应压力控制在0.9～1MPa、反应时间为2h,产物卤代新己烷的收率达到88%;N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂,采用反应精馏的方法,溴代新己烷脱溴化氢制备新己烯,直接可得到纯度达98%的产品。溶剂和溴元素可以循环使用,节省了原料和减少了污染。     

Liquid Radial Dispersion in Liquid-solid Circulating Fluidized Beds with Viscous Liquid Medium

Liquid dispersion in the radial direction was investigated in the riser of a viscous liquid-solid fluidized bed 0.102 m in diameter and 3.5 m in height. Pressure fluctuations in the riser were also measured and analyzed to examine the behavior of fluidized particles. Effects of liquid velocity (0.15-0.45 m/s), solid circulation rate (2-8 kg/m²s), particle size (1-3 mm), and liquid viscosity (0.96-38 mPas) on pressure fluctuations and the liquid radial dispersion coefficient were determined. The infinite space model was employed to obtain the radial dispersion coefficient from the radial concentration profiles of the tracer. The pressure fluctuations were analyzed by means of autocorrelation coefficient as well as power spectral density function. The dominant frequency obtained from the autocorrelation coefficient or power spectral density function of pressure fluctuations decreases with increasing liquid viscosity or liquid velocity, but it increases with increasing particle size. The liquid radial dispersion coefficient decreases with increasing liquid velocity or viscosity, but it increases as the solid circulation rate or particle size increases. The liquid radial dispersion coefficient is related closely to the resultant behavior of fluidized particles. The radial dispersion coefficient has been well correlated with operating variables in terms of dimensionless groups.     

一种简单便携的存储介质信息检测及备份装置研究

随着信息时代的飞速发展,数据信息在生活中的作用越来越显重要,数据恢复在社会生活中的应用越来越广,这便需要对存储介质的信息进行必要的检测和备份。虽然一些常见的软件可以通过PC端实现检测和备份功能,但也就是针对常见USB设备和一些专业性比较强的硬盘,不方便备份且不易携带,因此能提供一种兼容各种存储介质,并且方便使用、易于携带且不依赖于电脑就能实现检测和备份的设备非常重要。本文阐述了一种简单便携的存储介质信息检测及备份装置的研究设计．．     

Photoalignment dynamics of azo dyes series with different coordination metals

There are many photoaligned azo dyes that can be used for orientation of liquid crystals in various display devices. However, the structure of these compounds needs to be optimized to increase the rate of the process of molecule photoalignment, as well as to spread the application of these compounds. The main coordination metal that presents in the molecules of azo dyes is sodium derivatives. The use of other alkali metals remains an open question. We used quantum‐chemical computation methods and reversible intermolecular bonding model to determine the effect of metal coordination on the velocity of photoalignment. The theoretical predictions were experimentally verified using sodium, potassium, lithium, and cesium salts of the model azo dye synthesized by us. We conclude that potassium azo derivatives are the fastest, ceteris paribus.     

黄芩苷标样制备及其固相萃取-HPLC测定研究

采用超声波振荡-醇提取酸沉淀法代替传统的水提酸沉淀法从黄芩中提取黄芩苷粗品,再经分步精制得其纯品,同时提出了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定黄芩饮片以及几种中药制中黄芩苷含量的新方法;根据待测样品的差异,选择不同的前处理手段,采用W aters P lus-C18小柱固相萃取预分离,以CH3OH-H2O-HAc为流动相,测试样品中的黄芩苷得以分离和测定。新方法标准回收率92%~103%,RSD为1.4%~12.2%。     

Na_2O-TeO_2系统玻璃形成液体脆性的研究

通过测量Na2 O -TeO2 系统玻璃转化区的热容曲线 ,对该系统不同成分玻璃形成液体的热力学和动力学脆性进行研究。结果表明 :该系统玻璃形成液体从热力学和动力学综合看脆性程度介于强弱之间 ,为中性偏脆性。随着氧化钠含量的升高 ,玻璃形成液体的脆性增强。用Kissinger方程和Ritland -Bartanev方程 ,得到的在玻璃转变区的结构松弛激活能十分接近。对该系统玻璃形成液体脆性参数的计算也得到该玻璃形成液体脆性分类的相同结果