啤酒酵母在处理含镉工业废水中的应用研究

研究了啤酒酵母对废水中镉离子的生物吸附过程,分析了啤酒酵母吸附镉离子的速度、pH、温度等的影响。实验表明,啤酒酵母对镉离子的吸附时间短（15min）;pH值范围宽（4～8）;酵母的单位吸附量大（46．5mg／g）。对于高浓度的含镉废水,酵母具有较强的吸附能力;废水经二次吸附处理后均能达到排放标准。用啤酒废酵母作为重金属离子的吸附剂,可提高啤酒企业的附加值和科技含量,也可降低啤酒企业排放废水时对环境的污染。（孙悟）     

天然气可再生脱汞用载银分子筛评价及应用

为了推动天然气脱汞技术的发展,降低脱汞成本,掌握可再生天然气脱汞工艺技术,有必要开展可再生天然气脱汞工艺的研究和应用.在脱汞剂可再生载银分子筛研发的基础上,通过开展脱汞剂再生温度、再生重复性、原料气中汞质量浓度及含液条件的适应性、动态汞吸附能力等性能的实验室及现场装置应用评价,获取了载银分子筛的相关性能参数.载银分子筛...     

联合高压压汞和恒速压汞实验表征致密砂岩孔喉特征

文中利用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞和恒速压汞技术,定量研究了四川盆地下志留统小河坝组致密砂岩储层的孔喉结构特征.通过联合高压压汞和恒速压汞实验,有效表征了小河坝组砂岩的总孔喉大小,其中孔隙半径为50～260μm,喉道半径为0.004～50.000 μm.总体而言,致密砂岩渗透率(K)主要受控于小部分(小于40％)较粗...     

频率上转换掺稀土氧氟纳米微晶玻璃的研究进展

综述了近年来用于上转换发光的掺稀土离子氧氟微品玻璃的研究概况,阐述了氧氟微品玻璃作为上转换发光材料的发展和研究中问题,提出了值得进一步研究的工作并对掺稀土离子氧氯微晶玻璃未来的前景作了展望。     

高光谱红外探测器组件的研究进展

描述了国外高光谱红外焦平面探测器组件的发展状况和工程应用情况,并介绍了国内高光谱红外焦平面探测器组件的研究进展。通过分析高光谱红外焦平面探测器的性能特点,提出了高光谱红外焦平面探测器的研究重点。     

分子束外延碲镉汞探测器的变结面积I-V测试研究

碲镉汞红外探测器的表面钝化处理对器件暗电流有较大影响,决定了器件的探测性能。为了研究表面钝化层不同生长方式对暗电流的抑制效果,使用分子束外延(Molecular Beam Epitaxy, MBE)系统在Si基衬底上生长碲镉汞材料,分别通过磁控溅射和原位钝化方法生长CdTe/ZnS钝化膜层。采用半导体工艺在碲镉汞材料上制备了变面积光伏探测器。通过测试不同钝化膜层器件的暗电流,分析零偏电阻和面积乘积(R₀A)与周长面积之比(p/A)的关系。结果表明,磁控溅射生长钝化层的Si基碲镉汞器件存在较大的隧穿电流,而原位钝化生长钝化层的Si基碲镉汞器件能更有效地抑制表面漏电流。拟合器件R₀A因子随PN结面积的变化,得出原位生长钝化层的器件具有更好的钝化效果。变面积器件的制备和测试能够有效且直观地反映器件性能。     

Site and sample dependent electron-phonon coupling of Eu ions in epitaxial-grown GaN layers

The incorporation of Eu ions into GaN has been studied using combined excitation-emission spectroscopy for samples that were in situ doped during organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy (OMVPE) growth. The obtained fingerprints of characteristic emission spectra are subsequently used to determine the coupling of the Eu ions to the crystal lattice. We find a majority site, which exhibits coupling to bulk-like phonon modes as well as a localized phonon mode. For this site, we also find that the zero-phonon line of the ⁷F₀ to ⁵D₀ transition, which is forbidden, is much weaker than the phonon-coupled excitation transitions. The ratio of zero-phonon to phonon-coupled transition strength depends on the crystalline quality of the layer. These observations are consistent with the assignment of the majority site to an unperturbed Eu ion on Ga position. We find that the relative abundance of the majority site is strongly underestimated whenever the zero-phonon ⁷F₀ to ⁵D₀ excitation transition is used as a measure.     

Energy levels and crystal-field parameters for Pr and Nd ions in rare earth (RE) tellurium oxides RE2Te4O11 revisited - Ascent/descent in symmetry method applied for triclinic site symmetry

Triclinic site symmetry presents considerable challenges in the studies of energy levels and crystal-field parameters (CFPs) for rare earth (RE) ions in crystals. Assignment of the spectral features to the irreducible representations of low symmetry point groups is difficult and may be unreliable. Fittings of large number of CFPs, even if the number of the available experimental energy levels is sufficient, often yield multiple solutions with relatively low and close rms deviations. These challenges call for better methods of fitting and analysis of CFPs. In this paper, we employ the ascent/descent in symmetry (ADS) method and three computational approaches: (i) a crystallographic data analysis program to identify approximated higher symmetry, (ii) the superposition model (SPM) analysis, and (iii) the pseudosymmetry axes method (PAM) for the combined coordination factors obtained using SPM. As a case study, the experimental CF splittings of Pr³⁺ and Nd³⁺ ions at triclinic C₁ sites in tellurium oxides RE₂Te₄O₁₁ are re-analyzed. Two alternative ADS chains C₁ ↔ C₂ ↔ D₂ and C₁ ↔ C_s ↔ C_2v were independently obtained. For each approximation of the actual C₁ symmetry of the REO₈ polyhedron in RE₂Te₄O₁₁, the ligands’ positions are determined and used in SPM to calculate CFP sets, which are used as starting for additional fittings. Comparative analysis of the fitted and calculated CFP sets enables assignment of appropriate axis system to the fitted CFP sets, thus avoiding the ambiguities occurring in previous ADS applications. The very good compatibility and consistency of the newly determined CFP sets indicate high reliability of both approaches. These CFP sets were used to simulate magnetic susceptibility data for polycrystalline samples of Pr₂Te₄O₁₁ and Nd₂Te₄O₁₁. Wider applications of the proposed procedures in optical spectroscopy studies of low symmetry systems may improve reliability of the CFP sets reported in literature.     

Gd3+为敏化剂的掺Tb3+硅酸盐闪烁玻璃

实验制备了以Tb³⁺为激活剂、Gd³⁺为敏化剂的硅酸盐闪烁玻璃, 研究了Tb₂O₃和Gd₂O₃含量对玻璃密度和玻璃折射率, 以及对玻璃在紫外光激发和X射线激发条件下的光学光谱特性的影响. 通过研究Tb³⁺/Gd³⁺共掺闪烁玻璃的激发与发光特性、荧光寿命, 结合稀土离子能级结构, 分析了Gd³⁺→Tb³⁺离子之间的能量转移与传递机制. 结果表明：在紫外激发条件下, 大量引入Tb₂O₃和Gd₂O₃可提高Gd³⁺→Tb³⁺离子之间的能量传递效率, 有利于Tb³⁺离子的绿色发光; 但是在X射线激发条件下大量引入Tb³⁺离子, 由于缺陷数增加而弱化Tb³⁺离子荧光.     

一种释放负离子面膜的研制

论述了一种负离子面膜的研制过程。在面膜的制作过程中通过适当的途径加进负离子添加剂,从而使负离子在皮肤表面发挥还原性作用,使已经氧化的皮肤还原,恢复健康状态。通过多次实验,所得产品负离子释放量超过了700个/cm3,具有释放负离子稳定持久、发射远红外线、杀菌、消毒、保健等功效,达到了健康要求。