A Thermo-Mechanical Study of Some Epoxy Adhesives Subjected to Combined Dynamic and Static Stresses

The object of the present study was to investigate the effect of superimposed dynamic and static stresses on mechanical and thermal properties of some epoxy adhesives. It was found that combinations of shear creep and torsional oscillations, applied simultaneously to adhesive joints at temperatures within the glassy range of the adhesive, led to strengthening of the joints in shear and to an increase in the glass transition temperature of the adhesive. Similar loading stresses applied at temperatures close to the T_g of the adhesive, led to opposite effects on the above mentioned properties of the joints. The width of the glassy-rubbery transition of the adhesives increased, in the whole range of temperatures used in this study and for all epoxy compositions, as a result of subjecting the joints to superimposed dynamic and static stresses. The broadening of the glass transition was interpreted as a result of the stiffening of polymer network during the combined stressing experiments. A linear relationship was found between the area of endothermal peaks in the first DSC scan of specimens subjected prior to test to superimposed dynamic and static stresses at temperatures below T_g, and the shear strength of the joints. In agreement with this observation and with literature data, a linear relationship was revealed also between the glass transition temperature of the resins (measured in the first DSC scan) and the shear strength of the joints. Based on experimental observations and on some literature information, it was suggested that the strengthening of the joint, as well as the changes in thermal properties of the adhesives, are mainly due to physical processes, such as short-range orientation of network chains and an increase in intermolecular interaction between highly polar sites of the network. The possibility that superimposed stressing led to changes in chemical crosslinking was discussed but it seems that no such reactions occurred.     

应用一步流动法快速测定土水特征曲线试验研究

实验室常用压力板仪进行常规试验测定粉土土水特征曲线（SWCC）,需耗费数月时间,效率不高。对快速测定粉土SWCC进行了试验研究：采用压力板仪对粉土试样开展一步流动法试验;同时,用Hydrus-1D建立一维水分运移模型;结合模型对干密度为1.78 g/cm3粉土试样中溢出水量随加压时间的关系曲线进行拟合,并得出VG模型中难以实测的参数α和n;根据参数反算出粉土试样SWCC并和压力板仪常规试验的SWCC进行对比。为了消除试验中加载压力过大可能造成的固结对试验结果的影响,还对干密度为1.65 g/cm3的粉土试样进行固结试验使其干密度增大为1.78 g/cm3,再对固结后粉土试样分别进行常规试验和一步流动法试验。对由两种试验得到的固结粉土的SWCC与初始干密度1.78 g/cm3粉土由两种试验实测的SWCC进行了比较。结果表明：① 一步流动法试验拟合的SWCC与常规试验实测的SWCC重合度高;② 一步流动法试验具有快速性和有效性;③ 由Hydrus-1D建立的一维水分运移模型得出的SWCC与常规试验实测的SWCC接近;④ 一步流动法试验结果不会受到固结的影响。     

砾石土质条件下葡萄滴灌生育期土壤含水率变化规律研究

为探究酿酒葡萄在砾石土质条件下的土壤含水率变化规律及合理灌溉制度,选取贺兰山东麓砾石土典型试验区,以五年生赤霞珠品种为研究对象,设计2 550、2 850、3 225、3 600 m3/hm24个不同定额的灌水处理,应用TDR土壤水分剖面仪和土壤水势仪,监测生育期滴灌前后不同土层含水率与水势变化,针对监测数据从灌水处理整体与单个生育期不同角度进行分析,研究酿酒葡萄在砾石土条件下不同滴灌定额土壤含水率变化规律,最终提出生育期适宜灌溉制度。研究结果表明:随着灌溉定额的增加,土壤含水率在0~40cm土层范围内变化较明显;不同深度土层土壤水势变化规律与灌溉定额的大小有关;1m深土壤水分蓄存比并不是随着灌水量的增加而增大,而是当灌水量达到某一定额时,随着灌水量的增加,土壤水分蓄存比减小,砾石土单次灌水量高于300 m3/hm2时,土壤水分蓄存比较低,易产生深层渗漏。     

不同石灰配合比对昔格达土性能的影响试验研究

针对攀西地区昔格达土结构颗粒分散、凝聚力小、抗剪强度低、遇水易膨胀软化等不利工程性质,在昔格达土中加入不同配合比的石灰,通过界限含水率试验、击实试验、三轴试验,探究对昔格达土的塑液限、最大干密度、最优含水率、抗剪强度指标的改性效果,并结合工程实际分析了该掺石灰高回填昔格达土边坡多年的使用状况。通过试验发现,随着掺灰量的增加,灰土的塑液限增大,塑限指标减小,最优含水率增大,最大干密度减小,凝聚力和内摩擦角先增加后减小。最后得出结论,石灰土抗剪强度最大值的灰土最佳配合比约为3：7。     

Investigation of effective dimensionless numbers on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust简

In this work, the effect of various effective dimensionless numbers and moisture contents on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust is calculated. To have reliable model, effect of thermal radiation is taken into account. One- dimensional flame structure is divided into three zones： preheat zone, reaction zone and post-flame zone. To investigate pulsating characteristics of flame, governing equations are rewritten in dimensionless space-time （（, r/, ~） coordinates. By solving these newly achieved governing equations and combining them, which is completely discussed in body of article, a new expression is obtained. By solving this equation, it is possible to predict initiation of instability in organic dust flame. According to the obtained results by increasing Lewis number, threshold of instability happens sooner. On the other hand, pulsating is postponed by increasing Damk6hler number, pyrolysis temperature or moisture content. Also, by considering thermal radiation effect, burning velocity predicted by our model is closer to experimental results.     

超声场强化污泥对流干燥热湿耦合迁移过程的数值模拟

为理论上有效预测超声作用对污泥对流干燥过程的影响,基于非平衡热力学理论,建立了超声场作用下污泥对流干燥热湿耦合迁移过程的数学模型.对不同声能密度作用下污泥内部温度及湿度场分布进行数值模拟.结果表明,超声作用可以有效加速污泥内部的湿迁移过程,但超声强化效果随污泥厚度增大而逐渐减弱.此外,超声热效应使污泥温度有所升高,但污泥内部的温度梯度却略有降低,因此,污泥内部由温度梯度引起的湿分扩散并未因超声波作用而得到强化.     

动水压力作用下沥青路面水-孔隙结构应力分析

为了研究动水压力对沥青路面产生水损害的原因,对水-孔隙结构进行了应力分析,建立了沥青路面水-孔隙结构承受车辆荷载的模型,提出了沥青路面空隙率与孔隙水压力的关系,并讨论了沥青路面内部因孔隙水压力而致使孔壁在反复的荷载作用下发生的胀裂与抽吸和冲刷作用.     

乙二醇和不同相对分子质量聚乙二醇对聚氨酯多孔膜性能的影响

采用乙二醇和不同相对分子质量的聚乙二醇作为聚氨酯多孔膜的致孔剂,通过对聚氨酯多孔膜的电镜图、透湿性、接触角以及拉伸性能的表征与分析,探究乙二醇和不同分子量聚乙二醇的用量对聚氨酯微孔膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明：采用乙二醇,添加量在50％时,透湿量达到2929 g/（m2· d ）;断裂强力与断裂伸长率分别在5．77 M Pa ,451．3％,说明得到的聚氨酯多孔膜具有较高的透湿量、孔隙率以及较强的拉伸性。     

微波快速测量球团铁精矿混合原料水分新方法

对目前几种测量水分的方法进行了评述，研究了用微波快速测量球团混合铁精矿原料水分的新方法，并分析和讨论了不同混合铁精矿原料水分含量对检测结果的影响。实验结果为：当球团混合铁精矿原料的含水量为6．97％-9．81％时，检测误差小于0．17％。该研究有望为球团混合铁精矿原料水分快速测量提供一种新力法．     

酯硬化水玻璃再生砂循环使用后的性能变化及应对策略

分析了酯硬化水玻璃砂多次再生使用后,其Na2O含量较大升高、溃散性显著下降、生产厚大铸型(芯)时硬透性变差并出现蠕变现象的原因,探讨了再生砂性能变化后的应对策略。认为:研究开发适于干法再生水玻璃砂的改性水玻璃、对再生砂实施表面处理、对旧砂进行高脱膜率的再生等,应是解决酯硬化水玻璃砂多次再生使用后溃散性恶化问题的主要措施;而控制再生砂的含水量、适当增加有机酯的加入量、CO2气体补充硬化等,是增加型(芯)硬透性和克服蠕变现象的主要方法。