Eco-friendly printing of natural fabrics using natural dyes from alkanet and rhubarb

In the present work, the suitability of printing natural fabrics (wool, silk, cotton and flax) with two natural dyes (alkanet and rhubarb) using pigment-printing technique has been investigated. The effect of different factors, i.e. dye concentration, nature of thickening agent, type of fixation, concentration and type of mordant, has been studied. The printed goods were evaluated by measuring the K/S value and the overall fastness properties. Results show that the highest K/S value was obtained by using Meypro gum as a thickener. The K/S increases rapidly as the concentration of the natural dye powder in the printing paste increases from 10 to 40 g/kg printing paste. Moreover, results show that the printed goods, which were fixed via steaming, have relatively higher colour strength than their corresponding samples fixed via thermofixation. The effect of mordants on colour development was also studied and alkanet dye was chosen as an example for this investigation. The best results were obtained by using mordant at a concentration of 20 g/kg printing paste. Different colour yields could be obtained by using different mordants, and all of colour fastness results were ranging between very well and excellent.     

抗紫外线染料研究进展

简单介绍了紫外线对人体的影响和织物抗紫外线的机理。对近年来染料在纺织品抗紫外线方面的研究进行了综述。展望了抗紫外线染料的发展前景。     

Highly soluble perylene dyes: Synthesis, photophysical and electrochemical characterizations

Highly soluble perylene diimide derivatives with symmetrical and unsymmetrical secondary, tertiary alkyl side chains were synthesized and their photophysical properties, redox potentials and thermal stabilities were measured and compared with previously reported 1-pentylhexyl substituted swallow-tailed perylene diimide. Diasteroisomers of the novel, unsymmetrical swallow-tailed substituted perylene diimide compound could not be detected using low temperature NMR spectroscopy. The novel dyes were soluble in a range of organic solvents indicating potential for photo-electronic applications and photocatalytic reactions. Two dyes were not only soluble in organic solvents but also showed solubility in aqueous media as the hydrochloride salt, thus offering potential use in biological applications.     

The wash-off of dyeings using interstitial water: Part 3. Disperse dyes on polyester

Poly(ethylene terephthalate), which had been dyed at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% omf depths of shade using three disperse dyes, was reduction cleared using a traditional, four-stage process that comprised two water rinses at 40 °C, treatment with aq Na₂CO₃/Na₂S₂O₄ at 60 °C and one cold water rinse. A novel, two-stage wash-off method was also employed that consisted of treatment with damp nylon beads and surfactant at 70 °C and one cold water rinse. In terms of fastness to repeated washing at 60 °C and colorimetric characteristics, the traditional, four-stage reduction clearing treatment using aq., alkaline Na₂S₂O₄ could be replaced by the two-stage, bead wash-off with detergent at 70 °C. As the detergent-based, bead wash-off process used lower amounts of water than reduction clearing and did not employ sodium dithionite, it avoided the environmentally unacceptable generation of aromatic amines in the case of the reduction clearing of azo dyes. Calculations indicated that considerably less heat energy was consumed in bead wash-off than reduction clearing not only because two, rather than four stages were involved but also since the bead process used only a 2:1 water:fibre ratio rather than the 20:1 liquor ratio employed in the reduction clear process; also, the much lower specific heat capacity of nylon than water meant that much less heat was required to heat the beads. The beads adsorbed vagrant disperse dye during wash-off, thereby offering the potential of a lower effluent load compared to a traditional reduction clearing treatment for disperse dyes on polyester.     

Decolorization of textile dyes by Bjerkandera sp. BOL 13 using waste biomass as carbon source

BACKGROUND: Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor and Bjerkandera sp BOL13 were compared for decolorization of azo dyes supplied individually or as a mixture. The dye decolorization was also evaluated during continuous treatment under non‐sterile conditions using a lignocellulosic growth substrate. RESULTS: Bjerkandera sp BOL13 showed the highest dye decolorization potential. This fungus was also found to support high decolorization of Remazol Red RR at an initial pH of 4‐6 and when using straw as co‐substrate. The fungus was evaluated for Remazol Red RR decolorization in a continuously fed packed‐bed bioreactor operated under non‐sterile conditions with 3 days of hydraulic retention time. When glucose was supplied as growth‐substrate, decolorization efficiencies of 65‐90% were maintained for 12 days in a bioreactor packed with wooden material. The decolorization efficiency was lower when glucose was not fed to the fungus or when a plastic material was used as packing. Higher manganese peroxidase and laccase activities were also recorded when the wood packing was used. Contamination caused a drop in decolorization efficiency after 17‐19 days operation. CONCLUSIONS: The potential of Bjerkandera sp BOL13 for decolorization of azo dyes under non‐sterile conditions using lignocellulosic growth substrates was demonstrated. Research is needed to reduce contamination under non‐sterile conditions. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

分散染料可染聚丙烯纤维的研究

通过添加不同比例的高分子可染组分Ｅ１、Ｅ２，与聚丙烯共混纺丝制得了可纺性好的分散染料可染聚丙烯纤维。该纤维强度达３．５～４．５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ，断裂伸长为３０％－６０％，满足服用纤维要求；其可染性较纯聚丙烯纤维有明显改善，在常压沸染条件下可染出多种中、浅色以至深色制品。对Ｅ１，Ｅ２总添加量为７％的可染聚丙烯纤维用ＢｌａｃｋＥ－ＥＸ，ＢｌｕｅＥ－ＥＸ等１０种染料常压沸染１ｈ，上染率在８０％以上，染色织     

DYEING SILK WITH DYES CONTAINING TWO REACTIVE GROUPS

A high utilization ratio in silk dyeing can be achieved by using dyes containingtwo reactive groups.Two types of these dyes were used,one containing twomonochlorotriazinyl groups(Ke reactive dyes),the other containting amonochlorotriazinyl group and a β-sulphatoethyl sulphonyl group(M reactive dyes)The application of these dyes was studled on the laboratory scale.The dyeingwas carrled out by one-step batch method.The dyeing conditions wereoptimized to get the maxlum utilization ratio.They are PH8-9(for M dyes),9(for KE type dyes),salt concentration 50g/1,dyeing temp.80℃ and dyeingtlme 100 min.The utilization ratio was about 80-93% depending on the dyesused.The dyeings showed high resistance towards aeld and alkaline hydrolysis.The hydrolysis was about 1.12%(at PH6.8)to 3.1%(at PH 10.6).It was muchlower than that of dyeings with conventional reactive dyes.The soaping,washing,perspiration and rubbing fastness of dyed silk fabrics were excellent.     

X型活性染料双温染色工艺研究

从X型活性染料卷染染色传统工艺出发,采取染色(固着)后阶段升温及适当加碱的方法,使染料利用率提高,从而达到降低成本,减少三废的目的。通过工厂大生产检验,取得较好的经济效益。     

黏土负载高铁酸钾对水体中有机染料的脱色作用

分析了高铁酸盐和黏土等复配方案，得出最佳复配处方，制出的黏土复合高铁酸盐的稳定性好，对水体中的染料脱色效果好，并且其酸碱适用范围较大，能满足实际应用的需要。     

Electrosynthesis of conducting polymer films from the azo dye methoxy red

Anodic polymerization of the azo dye methoxy red (4-methoxybenzene azo-1,3-diaminobenzene) on platinum electrodes in 1 M HCl in 50% v/v ethanol/water was found to yield thin and stable polymeric films. The films were electroactive in acidic solutions and the activity diminished as the acidity decreased. The pair of symmetrical redox peaks at a formal redox potential, (E )_pH=0 = 0.61 V vs SCE, with a Nernstian slope dE/dpH = 0.06 V, is attributed to a 1:1 proton + electron elimination (on oxidation)/addition (on reduction) at the amino/imino linkages which connect the aromatic nuclei. Chronocoulometric plots indicated that the transport of the solvated protons, and probably Cl^– ions, through the film is the rate-determining step of the above redox processes. The rate of electron transfer reactions of the redox couple [Fe(CN)₆]^3–/4– on poly-methoxy red-covered platinum electrodes decreased by a factor of more than two orders of magnitude, compared to the bare electrodes.