提高活性染料固着率的冷染工艺

冷染工艺是在原有的喷射溢流染色机的工艺基础上，用适合的中温型染料在低温高ｐＨ值下染棉针织物。只要染料选择适当，该工艺可以达到节资降本，减少污染效果。     

The synthesis and structural study of two benzothiazolyl azo dyes: X-ray crystallographic and computational study of azo–hydrazone tautomerism

The synthesis, FT-IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR characterisation, as well as crystal and molecular structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, of two azo dyes derived from 6-aminobenzothiazole: 6-[(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)diazenyl]benzothiazole and 6-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)diazenyl]benzothiazole are reported. Both dyes are essentially planar with the exclusion of methyl groups in 6-[(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)diazenyl]benzothiazole, which exibits 100% E-configuration in terms of orientation of the substituents about the central azo linkage. Single-crystal X-ray study of 6-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)diazenyl]benzothiazole was undertaken to established whether the hydrazone or azo tautomer was present in the solid state as well as any potential shift in tautomeric equilibrium imparted by temperature variation (296 and 100 K). Density functional theory calculations revealed that the hydrazone tautomer was more stable than the azo tautomer and that the tautomeric equilibrium was shifted towards the hydrazone form at lower temperature.     

季铵型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的无盐染色行为

以季铵型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺作为一种新的阳离子助剂对棉纤维进行处理,应用于活性染料无盐染色,对染色过程中染料与处理后棉纤维之间的吸附类型、吸附热力学及吸附动力学进行了研究。结果表明,无盐染色过程符合Langmuir吸附模型;吸附过程是放热自发进行的,低温有利于染料的吸附;吸附动力学符合二级动力学模型,属于化学吸附过程。与传统有盐染色结果相比,染色后的阳离子化棉纤维色深增加,染料利用率提高。     

Minimization of organic chemical load in direct dyes effluent using low cost adsorbents

The work is carried out to minimize the organic chemical load (unexhausted dye contents) in direct dyes effluent using low cost adsorbents. The studies are made with different direct dyes, i.e. Direct Red 28, Direct Yellow 12, Direct Orange 26 and Direct Blue 1 with various adsorbents. Three different bio/natural materials have been selected as adsorbents. These includes, Sugarcane bagasse pith (SB), Saw dust (SD)—the plant origin products, and Brick powder (BP)—a silica based material obtained from earth's crust on thermal heating. These substances are almost discarded waste products with the possibility of use as adsorbents. Experimental work for the dye removal from the effluent by activated charcoal (AC) has also been carried out and the results are compared with other adsorbents. The amount of unexhausted organic dye present in the effluent is measured as chemical oxygen demand (COD) before and after the treatment. Adsorbent Sugarcane bagasse pith shows good performance as compared to Saw dust and Brick powder. For understanding the behaviour of adsorbents Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has also been carried out.     

纯棉针织物的活性染料"一次准"染色工艺探讨

为实现活性染料对纯棉针织物“一次准”染色，在前处理、染色工艺方面进行改进。前处理采用非烧碱氧漂特效助剂＋双氧水；染色前采用脱氧酶去除织物上残留的双氧水，减少漂后水洗次数，缩短工艺流程；改进传统染色升温、加料方法。详细论述了生产中各个工序的技术管理要求，加强对染化料助剂库、化验室和染色等工序的严格管理，是实施染色“一次准”的基础。     

我国染料、助剂工业的现状及需要开发的部分新产品介绍

分析了国内外染料、助剂行业的形势,指出了存在的问题和差距.提出了当前需要研究开发的染料、助剂品种.     

现代活性染料和分散染料的发展(一)

近年分散染料和活性染料的发展因受纤维产量的增长，产量和品种均列第一、二位。文中详细评述这两类染料近十余年来的研究和开发情况。近十年，活性染料的新发色母体和活性基没有新的突破性进展，引入取代基改善染色性能的结构修饰和商品化技术成为活性染料发展的重点；分散染料则以开发杂环型的新品种为重点。     

Dechema corrosion handbook Vol. 3 Edited by D. Behrens,VCH Verlagsgesellschaft,Weinheim Frankfurt am Main, 1988. pp. ix + 282, price £286.00 (subscription price to series £238.00 per volume) ISBN 3-527-26654-2

4-Phenyl-5-aminopyrazole 2 obtained from phenylcyanoacetaldehyde 1 and hydrazine hydrate reacted with diethyl malonate to give 3-phenyl-5,7-dioxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 3 , used as the key compound in the synthesis of arylazo dyes. The key compound 3 was coupled with various aryldiazonium salts 4 to yield 3-phenyl-7-hydroxy-6-arylazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimid-5-ones 5. The resulting arylazo dyes (5) were refluxed in phosphorus oxychloride to give 3-phenyl-5,7-dichloro-6-arylazo-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines 6 , which subsequently reacted with refluxing morpholine and piperidine to yield 3-phenyl-5,7-bis(morpholino and piperidino)-6-aryiazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines 7. The arylazo dyes 5 and 7 were applied to polyester fibres as disperse dyes and the arylazo dyes 6 were applied to polyamide fibres as disperse reactive dyes. The spectral and dyeing properties of the dyes were studied.