固色剂PS可提高酸性媒介染料的摩擦牢度

羊毛用酸性媒介染料染深色时摩擦牢度较差,为解决这个问题,开发出了固色剂PS.经实验证明,固色剂PS不仅对酸性媒介染料有明显的增溶作用,且在染色后加入固色剂PS进行洗涤固色处理,可显著提高摩擦牢度;同时得出了最佳工艺条件:50℃,20min,处理液pH值为5～5.5.     

工艺条件对酸性媒介染料溶解度影响的研究

从染料的合成工艺过程出发 ,研究了原料配比、盐析酸化条件、过滤、水质、染料的细度等对染料溶解度的影响。通过改变原料配比 ,增加过滤步骤 ,合理控制染料的细度和溶解温度及结晶条件 ,可降低染料中不溶物含量 ,有效地改善染料的溶解度 ,而对染料的色光和强度无影响。该研究从合成工艺过程出发 ,为改善染料的溶解度提供了可能性 ,对实际生产有着一定的指导意义     

Dyeing,fastness, and deodorizing properties of cotton,silk, and wool fabrics dyed with coffee sludge (Coffea arabica L.) extract

A natural colorant was extracted from Coffea arabica L., using water as extractant at 90°C for 90 min. Studies have been made on the dyeing, color fastness, and deodorization properties of cotton, silk, and wool fabrics dyed with Coffea arabica L. extract solutions. The best mordants were found to be FeSO_4, CuSO₄, and SnSO₄ for improving the color strength (K/S) of cotton, silk, and wool fabrics. Mordants MnSO₄, ZnSO₄, and NiSO₄ for cotton (Rating 3), and all mordants except MnSO₄ for silk (Rating 3), mordants CuSO₄, FeSO₄, CoSO₄, Al₂(SO₄)₃, and MnSO₄ for wool (Rating 4) were the best mordants to improve the light fastness. It was found that FeSO₄ and CuSO₄ were the best mordants for the improvements of color strength (K/S) and light fastness for silk and wool fabrics. In addition, it was found that cotton, silk, and wool fabrics dyed with the Coffea arabica L. extract showed good deodorization performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 251–257, 2007     

酸性媒介染料对鸡毛蛋白助剂交联改性羊毛条的染色性能

以有效利用废弃物,降低染色污染为目的,研究了鸡毛蛋白助剂交联改性羊毛条工艺,用自制反应性阳离子交联剂WLS将鸡毛蛋白助剂交联在羊毛条上,探讨交联改性工艺对酸性媒介染料染色性能的影响,优化最佳改性工艺及条件。研究确定出了先加入鸡毛蛋白助剂5 min后,再加入交联剂WLS的一浴两步法最佳交联改性工艺,并评价改性羊毛条酸性媒介染料染色效果。结果表明,改性羊毛条显著改善酸性媒介染料染色性能,上染百分率提高,而且耐摩擦色牢度有所提高。     

媒染剂对黑米色素冷染柞蚕丝绸色光的影响

为解决天然染料染色缺少蓝、紫色调的问题,提取天然黑米色素用于柞蚕丝绸的冷轧堆染色工艺,研究了Cu2+、Fe2+、Sn2+等单一媒染离子以及不同浓度配比的Sn2+/Fe2+及Sn2+/Cu2+复合媒染离子对染色织物色光、色深值及染色牢度的影响。结果表明,黑米色素冷轧堆染色柞蚕丝绸可获得较好的染色效果,各种媒染剂媒染可得到不同色泽的柞蚕丝绸,Sn2+/Fe2+及Sn2+/Cu2+拼混媒染可分别得到一系列蓝、紫色调的柞蚕丝绸,复合媒染剂较单一媒染剂表现出更优异的色深值及染色牢度,拼混媒染样品的皂洗和摩擦牢度可达到3~4级。     

改性棉织物的苏木植物染料媒染染色

改性棉织物采用苏木提取液进行媒染染色。试验结果表明:染色织物的K/S值随染色时间的延长而增加,随染色温度的升高而降低,当媒染温度为80℃以上,染色时间30 min以上,媒染剂1 g/L左右,染色织物具有较深的色泽和一定的色牢度。     

真丝绸的天然茶多酚染整加工

研究了茶多酚(TP-95)在真丝上的染色性能,分别采用媒染剂硫酸亚铁和硫酸铜同浴法与茶多酚络合,通过正交试验确定媒染剂用量、染色温度、染色时间和pH值的茶多酚染色优化工艺,对染色织物牢度等性能进行测试。结果表明,采用媒染剂能显著提高茶多酚的上染性能,硫酸亚铜的效果优于硫酸亚铁;在铜离子质量浓度为2 g/L、TP-95用量5%(omf)、pH值6.4和90℃条件下浸染90 min,可达到较高的K/S值;染色后真丝织物牢度性能优异,且具有良好的抗紫外效果。     

紫甘薯红色素上染柞蚕丝织物的染色性分析

以紫甘薯红色素水溶液为染液,用直接染色方法和稀土媒染方法对柞蚕丝织物染色,以明度、饱和度、色差和上染率为检测指标,研究了上染工艺和染色效果。通过正交试验和单因素分析确定了直接染色最佳工艺条件:染液质量浓度5g/L,染液pH=4,染色温度80℃,染色时间60min,浴比1∶40;预媒染的最佳工艺条件是稀土2.5g/L,媒处理温度70℃,时间45min。结果表明,染色后的织物色泽鲜亮,经预媒染织物明度和色差有所降低,皂洗牢度和摩擦牢度较直接染色织物提高1～2级。     

黄土媒染黄檗染料的棉织物生态染色工艺研究

选用黄色系天然染料——黄檗对纯棉织物进行了染色,并利用天然黄土粉作为媒染剂进行了媒染处理。通过实验确定了黄檗染纯棉织物的最佳工艺条件为染液质量浓度10g／L,温度60℃,染色时间40min。结果表明,由黄土媒染处理的黄檗染色织物色牢度可提高2～3级。染色后织物完全达到生态检测标准。     

Chromoxane cyanine R. II. Staining of animal tissues by the dye and its iron complexes

The staining properties of chromoxane cyanine R (Colour Index No. 43820, Mordant blue 3; also known as eriochrome cyanine R and solochrome cyanine R) have been studied. Used alone, the dye imparted its red colour to nuclei, cytoplasm and collagen. The dye was extracted by mild alkali but not by acids. Stainability required ionized amino groups in the tissue, and there was also evidence for non-ionic binding of the dye. The colours obtained by staining with mixtures of chromoxane cyanine R and ferric chloride varied with the molar iron: dye ratio and with the pH. Useful staining was seen only between pH 1 and 2. The tissues were coloured either all blue (when Fe: dye was high), or both red and blue (when Fe: dye was low). Lower pH favoured the deposition of red, higher pH the deposition of blue colour. The red was mainly in cytoplasm, blue in nuclei and myelin. Collagen fibres were red or purple, depending on pH and iron: dye ratio. Red colours were differentiated by acid and changed to blue, but not extracted, by mild alkali. The red substance in the stained sections was clearly not the free dye, so it was probably an iron-dye complex. From the effects of various differentiating agents, it was deduced that the red and blue dye-metal complex molecules were bound to the tissue by the dye moiety, not by interposition of iron atoms. Staining by the complexes of iron(III) with chromoxane cyanine R did not involve nucleic acids or other polyanions or the amino groups of proteins. There was evidence for only non-ionic binding of both red and blue complexes. It is suggested that the red colour in sections stained by solutions with low iron: dye ratio is due to a simple carboxylate complex, [Fe₂H(dye)]^?. The blue colour would then result from withdrawal of a proton from the red complex to give [Fe₂(dye)]^2-. The bases that remove the protons may be arginine-rich nucleoproteins of nuclei and phospholipid bases of myelin. Techniques are described for informative simultaneous staining in two colours, and for the selective staining of either nuclei or myelin.