BABA处理提高采后砂糖桔对青霉菌的抗病性

诱导抗病性是水果采后病害生物防治的重要内容之一。对非呼吸跃变型的砂糖桔(Citrus Reticulata Blancdo Cv.Shiyueju)果实进行BABA渗透处理后接种绿霉病菌孢子,结果表明:不同浓度BABA处理果实的发病率和病斑面积均比对照果实的低,其中0.5g/L BABA处理效果最好,BABA处理提高了沙糖桔果实CHT、GUN、PAL、PPO、POD活性,提高了果皮H2O2含量。     

18.2tex桑皮纤维/粘胶基甲壳素纤维混纺纱的开发

介绍了18.2tex桑皮纤维/粘胶基甲壳素纤维50/50混纺保健纱开发的工艺要点。通过分析桑皮纤维和粘胶基甲壳素纤维的物理性能特点,选择适当的纤维混合方案,并制定了纺纱工艺流程,进行了工艺参数的设计和优选,纱线具有护肤、抗菌等保健功效。     

桑椹总RNA抽提方法的比较

为对比CTAB改良法、E.Z.N.A.TM总RNA抽提试剂盒Ⅱ、EZ-10柱式总RNA抽提试剂盒和异硫氰酸胍法4种方法抽提桑椹总RNA的效果,对该4种方法抽提后的总RNA进行纯度、得率和完整性检测以及进一步的RT-PCR检测。结果显示:CTAB改良法和E.Z.N.A.TM总RNA抽提试剂盒Ⅱ均适用于桑椹总RNA抽提,获得的总RNA纯度高、得率高、完整性好,完全可用于后续的分子生物学实验;但两者相比,CTAB改良法成本更低,操作更简单。     

Survey of mycotoxins in dates and dried fruits from Tunisian and Spanish markets

In an effort to enforce the knowledge on mycotoxin occurrence and co-occurrence in dates and dried fruits, 228 samples purchased from Tunisian and Spanish markets were subjected to multi-mycotoxin liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of 16 mycotoxins. At least one mycotoxin was detected in 160 samples (70%). The frequency of contaminated samples was 83%, 80%, 64%, 59% and 26% for dates, dried vine fruits, figs, apricots and plums, respectively but none of the analyzed samples contained detectable levels of fumonisins (FB₁, FB₂, FB₃) or T-2 toxin (T2).The incidence and levels of mycotoxins varied in samples. The most prevalent mycotoxin was enniatin B (EnnB) (54%), followed by enniatinA₁ (EnnA₁) (36%); aflatoxins (AFs) (23%) and ochratoxin A (OTA) (22%). Thirteen samples contained AFs in levels that exceed the maximum limits established in EU legislation. The simultaneous contamination with 2–6 mycotoxins was observed in 51% of the analyzed samples. Lastly, intakes of the detected mycotoxins were calculated for average adult consumers and compared with the tolerable daily intakes (TDI). Data obtained were used to estimate the potential exposure levels.     

Bioaccessibility of carotenoids from plant and animal foods

The frequent consumption of carotenoid-rich foods has been associated with numerous health benefits, such as the supply of provitamin A. To exert these health benefits, carotenoids need to be efficiently liberated from the food matrix, micellized in the small intestine, taken up by the enterocytes and absorbed into the human blood stream. Enormous efforts have been made to better understand these processes. Because human studies are costly, labor-intense and time-consuming, the evaluation of carotenoid liberation and micellization at the laboratory scale using simulated in vitro digestion models has proven to be an important tool for obtaining preliminary results prior to conducting human studies. In particular, the liberation from the food matrix and the intestinal micellization can be mimicked by simulated digestion, yielding an estimate of the so-called bioaccessibility of a carotenoid. In the present review, we provide an overview of the carotenoid digestion process in vivo, the currently used in vitro digestion models and the outcomes of previous bioaccessibility studies, with a special focus on correlations with concomitantly conducted human studies. Furthermore, we advocate for the on-going requirement of better standardized digestion protocols and, in addition, we provide suggestions for the complementation of the acquired knowledge and current nutritional recommendations. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Comparison of food values for consumers’ preferences on imported fruits and vegetables within Japan,Taiwan, and Indonesia

International agricultural trade in fruits and vegetables has received much attention as an effective method to create a sustainable agriculture industry for a country. This study focuses on consumers’ perceptions of food values toward imported fruits and vegetables in Japan, Taiwan, and Indonesia by using the Best-Worst Scaling method. Seven food values were examined in this study: labeling product origin, food safety certification, high quality appearance, domestic rarity, price, how the product was grown, and freshness. An online survey was conducted and 1,350 total valid respondents were collected (500 Japanese, 333 Taiwanese, and 517 Indonesian). The Latent Class Multinomial Logit model was used to analyze consumers for each country. Results revealed that food safety certification and freshness were found as the most important and second most important food values for the majority group of consumers in each of these three countries, respectively. However, the remainder of food values do not have the same importance for each country. The study should help governments and international marketers enhance their agricultural trade policies and marketing strategies for these targeted markets.     

果蔬燕麦食品营养与开发利用进展

燕麦片是一种营养丰富、方便快捷、易于携带的食品。燕麦食品能基本满足人体所需能量,但维生素和矿物质等成分相对不足,不能满足机体一餐的全部营养需求。果蔬是人体获取维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维的主要来源,与人体健康密切相关,早餐合理摄取一定量的果蔬是身体健康的重要保证。果蔬燕麦食品的开发,能更好地满足人体对营养的需要,为人们提供了更好的早餐选择。本文综述了燕麦的营养保健功能、果蔬燕麦片的开发优势,并对其未来发展趋势进行了阐述,以供果蔬燕麦食品的研究和开发提供参考。     

几种物理量及场理论对果蔬保鲜的影响

保鲜是现代农业研究的重要组成部分,是提高果蔬"时空"价值的重要途径。随着物理技术的发展,各类物理保鲜技术也得到发展。本文结合现有的研究进展,总结了温度、光、电、磁对果蔬保鲜的影响,提出了果蔬物理保鲜技术的要点:1)控制温度场的均匀性和波动性,以减缓新陈代谢和水分流失;2)适当的光照强度、电场强度和磁场强度也能够提高果蔬的贮藏时间,减少营养物质的流失。