绿豆纤维功能饮料的工艺研究

探讨了新型保健绿豆纤维功能饮料的生产工艺,对影响产品品质的几个主要因素进行了较为深入的探讨,提出了生产绿豆纤维功能饮料的最佳工艺条件。     

酰胺类除草剂对红小豆的安全性

针对当前红小豆农业生产中大量应用的酰胺类除草剂并丙草胺、并丙甲草胺，研究其对红小豆苗期的安全性。研究表明，在低温、土壤墒情好的条件下两种药剂均对红小豆不安全，主要表现在影响出苗率、抑制生长、根体积明显减少、真叶叶片皱缩扭曲、严重的叶缘开始发黄、根瘤减少、逐渐枯死。两种药剂药害程度相近、随剂量增加症状明显加重，高用量时拱土期施药比播后立即施药的药害相对较轻，随有机质含量的降低而药害加重。     

Characterization of yam bean (Pachyrhizus spp.) Seeds as potential sources of high palmitic acid oil

Seeds from 22 accessions of the yam bean species Pachyrhizus ahipa (14 accessions), P. erosus (5), and P. tuberosus (3) were investigated for oil and protein contents, fatty acid composition of the seed oil, and the total tocopherol content and composition. Plants from the accessions were grown under greenhouse conditions during one (P. erosus and P. tuberosus) or two years (P. ahipa). The pattern of the investigated seed quality traits was very similar in the three species. Yam bean seeds were characterized by high oil (from about 20 to 28% in one environment) and protein contents (from about 23 to 34%). Seed oil contained high concentrations of palmitic (from about 25 to 30% of the total fatty acids), oleic (21 to 29%), and linoleic acids (35 to 40%). Levels of linolenic acid were very low, from about 1.0 to 2.5%. Total tocopherol content was relatively low in P. erosus (from 249 to 585 mg kg⁻¹ oil) and P. tuberosus (from 260 to 312 mg kg⁻¹ oil) compared with the levels found in P. ahipa grown under identical conditions (508 to 858 mg kg⁻¹ oil). In all the samples, γ-tocopherol was predominant, accounting for more than 90% of the total tocopherol content. The combination of high oil and protein contents, together with high palmitic acid, low linolenic acid, and high γ-tocopherol concentration, makes these crops an interesting alternative as sources of high palmitic acid oil for the food industry.