A modeling method of microburst based on multiple vortex ring

Microburst is a special kind of low-level wind shear, which may do great damage to aircrafts. Modelling of a microburst is significant for flight simulations. In this paper we adopt multiple vortex ring principle to model microburst and propose a new parameter selection method of multiple vortex ring model. We treat the parameters selection as an optimization problem, and introduce the differential evolution algorithm into it. A nested differential evolution algorithm is proposed to complete the two optimization process, objective optimization and intermediate optimization. The simulation results show that this method can flexibly generate microburst with any maximum wind velocity.     

尾板对重型载货汽车尾部流场的影响

为了降低风的阻力,对某牵引式重型载货汽车加装了4种不同形式和尺寸的尾板。并采用数值仿真的方法分析了尾板对流场的影响,探索了风阻产生机理和降低原因。仿真工况模拟正常车辆行驶速度25m/s,未考虑侧风影响。计算结果表明:安装4种尾板后风阻系数均有降低,降幅最大为2.8%,获得了较满意的降阻效果。对比分析了4种方案的整车气动阻力系数、流速分布及总压为零等值面的计算结果。研究发现:尾板对车身周围气流的影响集中在货箱尾部,改变了尾流中原有的环形漩涡结构,从而降低了风阻。     

侧向进水口立轴旋涡数值模拟

为了研究侧向进水口立轴旋涡的运动特性,以RNG模型为基础,引入VOF方法捕捉自由液面的变化,对立轴旋涡的形态及其运动轨迹进行了三维数值模拟,并对旋涡水面线和三维速度分布进行了分析。结果表明,侧向进水口前的旋涡是非对称的,其涡轴是一条空间曲线,旋涡下部在进水口的抽吸拉伸作用下发生扭曲。旋涡运动可分为三部分,第一部分水面线呈漏斗状,与对称旋涡类似,第二部分旋涡运动逐渐从竖向转为横向,第三部分为横向运动。在旋涡的上半部,轴向速度随着水深的增加而增大,当旋涡逐渐由竖向转为横向运动时,轴向速度逐渐减小直至为零。最大切向速度发生在淹没深度的52%处。     

EXPERIMENTAL ESTIMATION OF A SCALING EXPONENT FOR TIP VORTEX CAVITATION VIA ITS INCEPTION TEST IN FULL- ANDMODEL-SHIP

Tip vortex cavitation noise of marine propeller became primary concerns to reduce hazardous environmental impacts from commercial ship or to keep the underwater surveillance of naval ships. The investigations of the tip vortex and its induced noise are normally conducted through the model test in a water cavitation tunnel. However the Reynolds number of model-test is much smaller than that of the full-scale, which subsequently results in the difference of tip vortex cavitation inception. Hence, the scaling law between model-and full-scales needs to be identified prior to the prediction and assessment of propeller noise in full scale. From previous researches, it is generally known that the incipient caivtation number of tip vortex can be represented as a power of the Reynolds number. However, the power exponent for scaling, which is the main focus of this research, has not been clearly studied yet. This paper deals with the estimation of scaling exponent based on tip vortex cavitation inception test in both full-and model-scale ships. Acoustical measurements as well as several kind of signal processing technique for an inception criterion suggest the scaling exponent as 0.30. The scaling value proposed in this study shows slight difference to the one of most recent research. Besides, extrapolation of model-ship noise measurement using the proposed one predicts the full-scale noise measurement with an acceptable discrepancy.     

含纳米组装高分子的抗静电纤维

用化学方法制得含纳米组装高分子的抗静电剂，将其与聚酯切片共混纺丝，制得永久性抗静电聚酯纤维。用DTA，显微镜等研究了抗静电剂及抗静电纤维的结构、性能。当抗静电剂质量分数为0.6%时，纤维的抗静电性、耐洗涤性优良、稳定。初步探讨了纤维的抗静电作用机理。     

NMR Lineshape in Anisotropic Superconductors with Nonregular Vortex Lattice

The nuclear magnetic resonance line shapes within a primitive cell of the vortex lattice of the type II anisotropic superconductors in a case when a vortex is displaced on small distance a from a regular position in a primitive cell are constructed. The results of the numerical calculations show that displacement of the flux line lattice essentially changes the NMR lineshape. The derivative of the power of the absorption energy with respect to the magnetic field is calculated. It allows to obtain more detailed information about the real vortex lattice of a superconductor.     

Effect of near-critical swirl on the Burke-Schumann reaction sheet

The influence of swirl on the shape of the Burke-Schumann reaction sheet in a straight cylindrical pipe is investigated by asymptotic and numerical means. Attention is confined to swirl levels that are near the critical value at which vortex breakdown occurs. A high-Reynolds-number, laminar, isothermal, low-Mach-number reacting flow is considered. An asymptotic analysis is developed to study the nonlinear interaction between near-critical swirl and mixture fraction distribution within the flow. It is first shown that leading-order perturbation of the velocity field from the columnar state, generated by the interaction of near-critical swirl and low viscosity, can be described by a nonlinear reduced-order model. This flow perturbation is computed, and then employed to determine the correction to the classical Burke-Schumann solution. Under lean conditions of reaction the reaction sheet becomes shorter and more compact as swirl is increased. For rich conditions of reaction, increasing swirl first causes the reaction-sheet length to decrease, and then increase after vortex breakdown has appeared. Numerical simulations of the flow and reaction-zone shape are substantiated by, and supplement, the asymptotic results.     

巯基螯合性中空纤维亲和膜的制备及其除Hg2+性能

采用氯甲基化聚砜（CMPSF）中空纤维基质膜为螯合基团载体,通过硫脲化反应及碱性条件下的水解反应,制备了巯基螯合性中空纤维亲和膜,考察了流动相条件和操作工艺参数对中空纤维亲和膜除汞的影响.实验结果表明：加入NaCl不利于中空纤维膜除汞,在低pH值下,Hg ^2＋的回收率大大降低;原料溶液浓度对Hg ^2＋回收率影响不大,中空纤维膜可在较大浓度范围内除汞;中空纤维亲和膜可以在高进料速率下操作,能实现较大规模除汞.     

梳棉针布的技术进步与选配应用

就国内外梳棉机锡林.道夫盖板、刺辊针布和固定分梳件的技术进步与发展趋势和针布配置一般原则进行了剖析,重点讨论了纺化纤的针布配置和难纺纤维工艺和针布调整问题对相关企业正确选择与使用针布有一定的参与作用。