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111.
从水泥基体和增强纤维两个方面综述混凝土增韧防裂的原理,分析增韧防裂技术的影响因素和作用效果,介绍了典型应用工程。从分子、微观和细观三个层次,阐述了纳米材料、有机高分子材料和聚合物对水泥基体增韧的作用机制。从纤维 基体界面作用力、裂缝形成和非稳态扩展抑制等方面,论述纤维种类和特性对混凝土硬化前后阶段增韧防裂的作用规律。基体增韧与纤维增韧相结合,能够提高混凝土的抗拉强度、拉伸应变和断裂能,并有效降低裂缝宽度,抑制裂缝扩展。 相似文献
112.
Alia Méndez Yolanda Reyes Gabriel Trejo Krzysztof StĘpień Ştefan Ţălu 《Microscopy research and technique》2015,78(12):1082-1089
The aim of this study was to evaluate the three‐dimensional (3D) surface micromorphology of zinc/silver particles (Zn/AgPs) composite coatings with antibacterial activity prepared using an electrodeposition technique. These 3D nanostructures were investigated over square areas of 5 μm × 5 μm by atomic force microscopy (AFM), fractal, and wavelet analysis. The fractal analysis of 3D surface roughness revealed that (Zn/AgPs) composite coatings have fractal geometry. Triangulation method, based on the linear interpolation type, applied for AFM data was employed in order to characterise the surfaces topographically (in amplitude, spatial distribution and pattern of surface characteristics). The surface fractal dimension Df, as well as height values distribution have been determined for the 3D nanostructure surfaces. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:1082–1089, 2015. © 2015 The Authors published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
113.
Xiaoying Qi Can Xue Xiao Huang Yizhong Huang Xiaozhu Zhou Hai Li Daojun Liu Freddy Boey Qingyu Yan Wei Huang Steven De Feyter Klaus Müllen Hua Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2010,20(1):43-49
A novel dendrimer‐templating method for the synthesis of CuO nanoparticles and the in situ construction of ordered inorganic–organic CuO–G2Td(COOH)16rice‐shaped architectures (RSAs) with analogous monocrystalline structures are reported. The primary CuO nanoparticles are linked by the G2Td(COOH)16 dendrimer. This method provides a way to preserve the original properties of primary CuO nanoparticles in the ordered hybrid nanomaterials by using the 3D rigid polyphenylene dendrimer (G2Td(COOH)16) as a space isolation. The primary CuO nanoparticles with diameter of (6.3 ± 0.4) nm are synthesized via four successive reaction steps starting from the rapid reduction of Cu(NO3)2 by using NaBH4 as reducer and G2Td(COOH)16 as surfactant. The obtained hybrid CuO–G2Td(COOH)16 RSA, formed in the last reaction step, possesses a crystal structure analogous to a monocrystal as observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). In particular, the formation process of the RSA is monitored by UV–vis, TEM, and X‐ray diffraction. Small angle X‐ray scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are used to investigate the role of the dendrimer in the RSA formation process. The obtained results illuminate that Cu2+? COO? coordination bonds play an indispensable role in bridging and dispersing the primary CuO nanoparticles to induce and maintain the hybrid RSA. More importantly, the RSA is retained through the Cu2+? COO?coordination bonds even with HCl treatment, suggesting that the dendrimers and Cu2+ ions may form rice‐shaped polymeric complexes which could template the assembly of CuO nanoparticles towards RSAs. This study highlights the feasibility and flexibility of employing the peculiar dendrimers to in‐situ build up hybrid architectures which could further serve as templates, containers or nanoreactors for the synthesis of other nanomaterials. 相似文献
114.
A layer-by-layer technique has been developed to synthesize FeOOH–Au hybrid nanorods that can be transformed into Fe2O3–Au and Fe3O4–Au hybrid nanorods via controllable annealing process. The homogenous deposition of Au nanoparticles onto the surface of
FeOOH nanorods can be attributed to the strong electrostatic attraction between metal ions and polyelectrolyte-modified FeOOH
nanorods. The annealing atmosphere controls the phase transformation from FeOOH–Au to Fe3O4–Au and α-Fe2O3–Au. Moreover, the magnetic and optical properties of as-synthesized Fe2O3–Au and Fe3O4–Au hybrid nanorods have been investigated. 相似文献
115.
Hollow Nanostructured Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hollow nanostructured anode materials lie at the heart of research relating to Li-ion batteries, which require high capacity,
high rate capability, and high safety. The higher capacity and higher rate capability for hollow nanostructured anode materials
than that for the bulk counterparts can be attributed to their higher surface area, shorter path length for Li+ transport, and more freedom for volume change, which can reduce the overpotential and allow better reaction kinetics at the
electrode surface. In this article, we review recent research activities on hollow nanostructured anode materials for Li-ion
batteries, including carbon materials, metals, metal oxides, and their hybrid materials. The major goal of this review is
to highlight some recent progresses in using these hollow nanomaterials as anode materials to develop Li-ion batteries with
high capacity, high rate capability, and excellent cycling stability. 相似文献
116.
Bowen Li Prof. Yan Huang Prof. Qianli Zou 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2023,24(9):e202300002
Liver fibrosis is a process of excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix caused by liver injury. Liver fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis or even liver cancer without proper intervention. Until now, no effective therapeutic drugs have been clinically approved for treating liver fibrosis. Hence, the development of safe and effective antifibrotic drugs is particularly important. As a representative biomaterial, peptides have been investigated as key components for constructing antifibrotic nanomaterials given their advantages of biological origination, synthetic availability, and good biocompatibility. Peptides serve as multifunctional motifs in antifibrotic nanomaterials, such as liver-targeting molecules, antifibrotic molecules, and self-assembling building blocks for the formation of the nanomaterials. In this review, we focus on peptide-based nanoarchitectonics for treating liver fibrosis, including nanomaterials modified with liver-targeting peptides, nanomaterials for the efficient delivery of antifibrotic peptides, and self-assembled peptide nanomaterials for the delivery of antifibrotic drugs. The design rules of these peptide-based nanomaterials are described. The antifibrotic mechanisms and effects of these peptide-based nanomaterials in treating liver fibrosis and related diseases are highlighted. The challenges and future perspectives of using peptide-based nanoarchitectonics for the treatment of liver fibrosis are discussed. These results are expected to accelerate the rational design and clinical translation of antifibrotic nanomaterials. 相似文献
117.
118.
It is apparent that non-Newtonian nanofluids (especially, Casson and Carreau) find their ubiquitous utilization in diverse industrial processes. The magnetohydrodynamics concept is significantly implemented in the engineering design process. Darcy–Forchheimer's effect characterized by inertia and boundary effects ameliorates the rate of heat transportation outstandingly in association with the flow of nanofluids. Entropy optimization analysis is accentuated as its minimization is the best measure to enhance the efficiency of thermal systems. In view of this, the present article is intended to investigate electromagnetic flow and thermal characteristics of Casson and Carreau nanofluids over the exponential stretched surface. Microrotation facets are entailed. Arrhenius pre-exponential factor law and Robin's condition are implemented. The nondimensional governing equations are solved by the spectral quasi-linearization method. The major outcomes of this study are that axial and transverse flow velocities and heat transfer rate get controlled due to strengthening Casson and microinertia density parameters. More thermal stratification augments the rate of heat transportation efficaciously. Amplification of the Weissenberg parameter intensifies the axial and transverse flow velocities and the associated boundary layer widths. Axial and transverse surface viscous drag enervate due to the rise in porosity, inertia, and magnetic parameters. The entropy generation rate is regulated by the varied Reynolds number. 相似文献
119.
120.
Mahmoud Elsabahy Nada Wazen Núria Bayó‐Puxan Glen Deleavey Marc Servant Masad J. Damha Jean‐Christophe Leroux 《Advanced functional materials》2009,19(24):3862-3867
In this study, novel pH‐responsive polyion complex micelles (PICMs) were developed for the efficient delivery of nucleic acid drugs, such as antisense oligonucleotide (AON) and short interfering RNA (siRNA). The PICMs consisted of a poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer–nucleic acid core and a detachable poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly( propyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) (PEG‐b‐P(PrMA‐co‐MAA)) shell. The micelles displayed a mean hydrodynamic diameter ranging from 50 to 70 nm, a narrow size distribution, and a nearly neutral surface charge. They could be lyophilized without any additives and stored in dried form. Upon redispersion in water, no change in complexation efficiency or colloidal properties was observed. Entry of the micelles into cancers cells was mediated by a monoclonal antibody fragment positioned at the extremity of the PEG segment via a disulfide linkage. Upon cellular uptake and protonation of the MAA units in the acidic endosomal environment, the micelles lost their corona, thereby exposing their positively charged endosomolytic PAMAM/nucleic acid core. When these pH‐responsive targeted PICMs were loaded with AON or siRNAs that targeted the oncoprotein Bcl‐2, they exhibited a greater transfection activity than nontargeted PICMs or commercial PAMAM dendrimers. Moreover, their nonspecific cytotoxicity was lower than that of PAMAM. The pH‐responsive PICMs reported here appear as promising carriers for the delivery of nucleic acids. 相似文献