Communication across Viewpoints

A case situation arising in a normal interaction among people is the baseline for discussing properties of the theory of viewpoints. In particular we consider how to ensure agreement on the meaning of certain utterances by agents who have different perspectives on the situation, while maintaning other knowledge as private. We argue that communication should be modeled as adding facts to the common knowledge of agents. We introduce the principle of 'referent sharing' in communications and argue that common knowledge resulting from communication should only use constants whose referent is manifest to the parties involved.     

自然主义——新艺术者的梦幻出口——浅析自然主义在设计史上盛极而衰的原因

自然主义对许多艺术门类都产生过深刻影响,在设计领域中,以自然主义为主要特点的新艺术运动曾在一个重大的设计变革时期——工业革命后风靡各国,然而却又在短短十多年后沉寂下来,本文主要分析自然主义为什么会在设计史的重要阶段产生如此特别的表现。     

Preparation of acidic or bifunctional catalysts by means of straightforward calcination of as-synthesized [Ga]-ZSM-5 zeolites obtained from alkali-free media. Propane aromatization

Propane aromatization (530°C, 1 atm) was used as a reaction model to evaluate the effect of the calcination temperature on the catalytic properties of an as-synthesized [Ga_1.3]-ZSM-5 zeolite obtained from alkali-free media and calcined at two different temperatures: 530°C (C-530) and 750°C (C-750). Results show that in spite of its lower acidity, C-750 is more active and selective toward aromatics than C-530. This is probably due to the fact that at higher temperature the decomposition of organic compounds used during the zeolite synthesis is accompanied by a partial degalliation of the zeolitic support leading to the production of a bifunctional xGa₂O₃ /H-[Ga_y-ZSM-5(2x+y=1.3)catalyst.     

Identification of Pd3+ ions in zeolite L by temperature programmed reduction and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Pd supported on KL zeolite has been studied by temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It has been found that upon calcination in pure oxygen Pd³⁺ and Pd²⁺ ions are formed; the Pd³⁺ ions are identified by their EPR signal. As Pd³⁺ ions in the cancrinite cages are difficult to reduce, the H₂ consumption in conventional TPR is below the stoichiometric amount.     

金属化合物在分子筛上自发分散的研究进展

金属盐和氧化物在分子筛孔穴中及内外表面自发形成原子水平的分散,这种自发分散现象已被多种现代仪器分析所证实，并在国内外得到广泛认同。总结相关文献，结合部分研究工作，对金属化合物在分子筛上自发分散的研究作了综述。     

海啸与核安全

结合2004年12月26日上午在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛附近海域发生的9级地震引发的海啸，介绍了海啸的诱发因素，阐述了海啸与核安全的关系，对中国可能遭受海啸影响的问题做了基本估计，提出了在核设施厂址选择中对海啸的工作思路。     

民间习俗与天然包装材料

天然包装材料,是人类对造物的实用功能性的基本追求.不同社会、不同环境、给人与人之间、民族与民族之间带来了明显的差异.它包括政治、经济、文化等因素的综合作用和制约,这种造物活动就使人们陷入一种复杂的境地并深受影响,从而使造物活动的目的和内涵变得更加复杂化.     

A New Grade Carbon Black Produced by Thermal Plasma Process

This paper presents a new route about producing carbon black,by wich the natural gas cracking is carried out in the absence of oxygen thanks to an electric energy supply externally given by a plasma jet.The carbon black produced by this process has a narrow size distribution and a small average diameter of 38nm as well as a highly branched aggregate.The higher DBP value of 1.40ml/g shows it should be a high structure carbon black.The FTIR spectra shows that there are lots of aromatic c-c bonds and a large amount of nitrogen-coutaining functional groups on the carbon blacks surface,such as-NH,-CN as we3ll as -CH,-OH,-COOH groups.     

社会工作在自然灾害救助中的介入

防治自然灾害的知识力量,不为自然科学所独专,还包括社会工作知识。自然灾害的影响有特殊的社会性质,社会工作者能通过专业的方法服务于灾民和灾区,承担起多种功能性角色。在灾害救助中,社会工作者要坚持以人为本等六项原则,同灾民形成良好的合作关系。     

无水乙醇生产工艺的探讨

分子筛固定床吸附法生产无水乙醇,工艺简单可靠,产品质量优,是一种环保、节能型工艺。