植物多酚在肉制品加工中的应用

植物多酚是一类广泛存在于蔬菜、水果、豆类、谷物类、茶等植物体内的具有多元酚结构的次生代谢物.植物多酚可以作为抗氧化剂和防腐剂应用于肉制品加工.本文介绍5种植物多酚的提取方法,对其优缺点进行比较,其中,微波萃取法和酶萃取法因成本低、时间短、对环境污染小,相对其他方法有较好的优势,并综述植物多酚在香肠、腊肉和火腿等肉制品的保鲜和品质提升中的应用,以期为天然抗氧化剂和防腐剂的开发和利用提供一定的参考.     

芋头多酚氧化酶的酶学性质研究

以邻苯二酚为底物,采用分光光度法研究了芋头多酚氧化酶(PPO)的酶学特性。结果表明:芋头PPO的最适温度pH为7.5,最适温度为40℃;90℃高温处理2 min,可使酶完全失活;PPO催化的酶促褐变反应符合米氏动力学方程,相应动力学参数Km=0.0221mol/L,Vmax=46.08 U/min;4种抑制剂对PPO活性均有不同程度的抑制作用,抑制效果由强到弱顺序为:抗坏血酸>亚硫酸氢钠>L-半胱氨酸>柠檬酸;金属离子Sn2+对PPO活性具有较强的抑制作用,A13+、Cu2+、Mg2+、Ca2+和Co2+对PPO活性有一定的抑制作用,Zn2+对PPO活性具有激活作用,Fe3+、Fe2+和Mn2+对PPO活性几乎没有影响。     

A Comparative Study Between Labeling and Reality: The Case of Phytochemical Composition of Commercial Pomegranate‐Based Products

Manufacturers are deeply involved in the development of new pomegranate‐based products, which have acquired great prestige due to many studies proving their potential health benefits. Commercial pomegranate products including capsules and supplements and juices and nectars were assayed. The contents of the key phytochemical compounds (punicalagin, ellagic acid, and total polyphenolic content) and the associated antioxidant capacity (DPPH^?, ABTS^?+, and FRAP) were analyzed. The experimental ranges of punicalagin and ellagic acid contents were 0.96 to 308 mg/g and 0.09 to 13.1 mg/g, respectively. Punicalagin content was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with DPPH^? and total polyphenolic content values. No significant (P > 0.05) correlation was observed among ellagic acid with the antioxidant capacity. The labeling standardization of these products is necessary due to the wide variability among “theoretically” similar pomegranate‐based products.     

茶多酚对香肠抗氧化作用的研究

采用不同浓度茶多酚对香肠进行处理实验,筛选出能明显抑制香肠哈败、显示较强抗氧化效能的茶多酚添加量为0.05%。