甜瓜菠萝起泡果酒酿造工艺的研究

以甜瓜、菠萝作为原料,对酿造复合型起泡酒的工艺进行研究。通过单因素试验及正交试验确定了甜瓜菠萝起泡酒的最佳工艺条件：甜瓜与菠萝的质量比为1∶1,安琪酿酒酵母与SC1230专用酿酒酵母的添加比例为1∶1,接种量0.3 g/L,发酵醪的初始糖度为26%,β-环糊精添加量0.3%,采用罐内发酵方式对起泡酒进行充气。最终制得的甜瓜菠萝起泡酒感官评分为95分,酒精度11.4%vol,残糖4.3 g/L,总酸5.0 g/L,压力0.33 MPa,微生物指标合格。产品色泽金黄透亮,果香和酒香协调,酸甜爽口,饶有余味。     

1-甲基环丙烯处理对采后甜瓜活性氧代谢的影响

研究1- 甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理对甜瓜(Cucuis melo L.ssp.melo pang)果实在贮藏过程中对其活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)相关代谢的影响,在室温 (22～25℃)条件下,用1μL/L 1-MCP 处理早熟甜瓜“早黄蜜” 24h,贮藏于22℃,对果实中活性氧代谢的相关酶：超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性及超氧阴离子(O2 － ·)和丙二醛(MDA)含量进行测定。结果表明：1-MCP 处理抑制了甜瓜果实CAT 活性的下降,贮藏前期提高了SOD 活性,促进POD 活性迅速升高,并使其在第4 天达到峰值,贮藏过程高于对照果实。1-MCP 处理可显著降低果实中O2 － ·的产生速率,抑制MDA 的产生,延缓甜瓜果实采后衰老。     

不同质量类型香料烟品种成熟叶生理生化特性比较

采用大田试验对芳香型、中性型、吃味型3种不同质量类型香料烟品种成熟叶的生理生化特性进行了对比。结果表明:类胡萝卜素含量、比叶重、硝酸还原酶活性、脯氨酸含量等,芳香型品种明显高于中性型品种,且上部叶高于中部叶,说明芳香型品种在云南保山的适性较强,特别是云香巴斯玛1号表现更好。吃味型品种脯氨酸含量较低、丙二醛含量及多酚氧化酶活性较高,说明其抗逆性较弱。      

保山香料烟可持续发展对策研究

简要回顾了我国香料烟发展概况和保山香料烟的发展历程.通过对国际国内香料烟生产及市场形势分析,着重从资源、市场、质量、技术、政策5个优势因素和人民币汇率、劳动力、基础设施、烟叶加工4个制约因素分析了保山香料烟产业发展的现状.进而从转变发展方式,实现产业经济增长;加快新烟区开发,推动烟叶生产快速发展;推进现代烟草农业建设,提高烟叶生产水平;加强基层建设,提升产业管理水平4大方面提出保山香料烟可持续发展的思路和策略.     

不同生态区沙姆逊香料烟品质差异分析

对不同生态区沙姆逊香料烟化学成分和感官质量进行了分析,以期为筛选适宜产区和工业合理应用提供依据。结果表明,不同生态区沙姆逊香料烟化学成分差异明显,云南和四川沙姆逊香料烟总糖和还原糖含量显著高于浙江和土耳其,烟碱含量显著低于浙江和土耳其,而且四川与云南沙姆逊香料烟糖和烟碱含量差异也达到显著水平;云南沙姆逊烟叶具有较高含量的苹果酸和柠檬酸,浙江沙姆逊具有较高的草酸含量;土耳其AB 级香料烟草酸含量明显高于国内香料烟,非挥发性有机酸总量生态区间和品种间差异较大。烟叶感官质量浙江沙姆逊最好,云南次之,四川最低;国内沙姆逊香料烟中、上部烟叶感官质量总体低于土耳其AB 级烟叶。     

不同甜瓜品种鲜切加工特性评价

以网纹(中蜜55号、华蜜2号)、光皮(中蜜116、玉金香)两个类型甜瓜共4个品种为实验材料,分别测定其产量及采收后贮藏(10℃)0、14、28d时的硬度、可溶性固形物含量、感官品质、VC含量及出品率,实验结果采用灰色关联度分析方法进行综合评价。结果表明：供试甜瓜品种用于鲜切加工的优先排序依次为华蜜2号、中蜜55号、中蜜116和玉金香,其中华蜜2号在采摘初期表现出产量高、感官品质好、VC含量高的特点,中蜜55号呈现出产量高、品质较好、耐贮性好的特征。     

In Vitro Starch Digestibility of Commercial Gluten‐Free Pasta: The Role of Ingredients and Origin

Gluten replacement in gluten‐free (GF) products presents major challenges for the food industry in terms of sensorial, technological and nutritional characteristics. The absence of gluten reportedly affects starch digestibility, thus increasing the postprandial glycaemic response. However, the role of ingredients and processing conditions has been addressed only seldom. We investigated the in vitro starch digestibility of 9 commercial GF products (5 Italian pasta and 4 Oriental noodles) differing in formulation and processing conditions. Content of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and resistant starch (RS) were assessed and combined with information on starch pasting properties and on the overall protein organization. Oriental noodles presented higher relative levels of RS and RDS than Western‐style pasta, that often had SDS levels compatible with low rates of starch digestion. As regard formulation, presence of multiple ingredients seems to likely increase the RDS level, as did the different protein organization in the various samples.     

运输振动对哈密瓜贮藏品质的影响

为了研究运输过程中振动对哈密瓜贮藏品质的影响,试验模拟半挂车运输振动环境,比较经振动处理与未经振动处理哈密瓜在室温(23℃)贮藏期间(28d)品质的变化情况。研究结果表明:贮藏28d时,振动后的哈密瓜呼吸速率高于对照组,说明振动会加快哈密瓜的呼吸速率及后熟作用,加速衰老及硬度下降速率,加快丙二醛产生及哈密瓜细胞膜脂的氧化,从而破坏细胞膜完整性,最终加快哈密瓜的衰老腐败。     

Effect of Superfine Grinding on Antidiabetic Activity of Bitter Melon Powder

The antidiabetic activities of bitter melon powders produced with lyophilization/superfine grinding and hot air drying/normal grinding were investigated in vivo for selecting a suitable bitter melon processing procedure. After a five-week treatment, bitter melon lyophilized superfine grinding powder (BLSP) had a higher antidiabetic activity with reducing fasting blood glucose levels from 21.40 to 12.54 mmol/L, the serum insulin levels from 40.93 to 30.74 mIU/L, and restoring activities of SOD compared with those in the bitter melon hot air drying powder (BAP) treated group. Furthermore, BLSP protected pancreatic tissues including islet beta cells and reduced the loss of islet cells. Combined with the difference of compositions in BLSP and BAP, it could be concluded that superfine grinding and lyophilization processes were beneficial for presenting the antidiabetic activity, which will provide a reference for direct utilization of bitter melon as a suitable functional food to relieve symptoms of diabetes.