流变仪在覆铜板工序中的应用

本文简要叙述利用流变仪对覆铜箔层压板生产工序中的胶液和半固化片参数进行控制,从而更好地保证胶液和 半固化片性状的一致性,以有利于控制板材流胶和品质。     

Simultaneous Measurement of Viscosity and Density with an Oscillating-Disk Instrument: The Effect of Fixed Plates

The period and damping of the free motion of a body oscillating in a fluid depend on the fluid's viscosity and density. Commonly, a working equation which expresses the damping as a function of the viscosity and density is solved for the viscosity, the damping being measured and the density being treated as an independently supplied parameter. Another working equation exists for the period, and, in general, the period depends on a combination of the viscosity and the density which is linearly independent of the combination that appears in the damping equation. It is, therefore, in principle, possible to determine both the viscosity and the density by a simultaneous solution of the two coupled working equations, since the period also is measured. In this paper, the working equations that describe the oscillating-disk viscometer are reviewed and their simultaneous solution is considered. The effect of fixed plates symmetrically located above and below the oscillating disk is of specific interest. The paper's main result is that fixed plates can dramatically increase the independence of the damping and period working equations, so that it becomes indeed feasible to determine the viscosity and the density of a fluid simultaneously from the damping and period of oscillating motion. A price is paid, however, because the instrument's working equations when plates are present have multiple solutions. Under special conditions, these multiple solutions can coalesce, and then one can only deduce the viscosity from the damping equation if the density is known a priori.     

焊膏工艺性要求及性能检测方法

焊膏是SMT工艺中不可缺少的钎焊材料,广泛应用于再流焊中;它是由一定的合金粉末和助焊剂均匀混合而成的膏状体。主要对SMT中焊膏的组成及焊膏性能检测方法进行了简要分析。     

Inhibition of radical polymerization in solvent‐based systems (security of solvent‐based radical polymerization of PSA‐acrylic in a plant reactor)

This article shows the influence of some chain‐transfer agents as inhibitors for acrylic solvent‐based polymerization. These chain‐transfer agents can offer significant advantages, as outlined below. The following chain‐transfer agents were studied to stop or slow down the polymerization process in the case of a runaway: n‐dodecyl mercaptan, trimethylolpropane‐trimercaptoacetate, phenothiazine, diphenylphenylen diamine, cuprum oxide, isopropanol, toluene, and carbon tetrachloride. Synthesized pressure‐sensitive adhesive based on acrylic polymers and containing 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, and acrylic acid were used for the production of self‐adhesives with high cohesion. The polymerization was accomplished in ethyl acetate. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 1354–1357, 2003     

提高焊膏印刷质量的工艺改进

焊膏印刷作为SMT工艺的第一步，其质量好坏对SMT工艺有着重要影响。文章通过对焊膏成分、特性的分析，讨论了印刷中各种工艺参数的正确选择；对焊膏印刷中容易出现的质量问题进行了详细分析，指出了产生问题的原因，提出了改进措施。     

井下乳化/水热催化裂解复合降黏开采稠油技术研究

实验考察了胜利孤东稠油井下催化水热裂解和乳化/催化水热裂解降黏效果。所用催化剂为水溶性铁镍钒体系,Fe3+∶Ni2+∶VO4+=5∶1∶1,100 g稠油与30 g 0.5%催化剂水溶液在240℃反应24小时。原始黏度(50℃)11.0和8.36 Pa.s的两种稠油裂解并静置除水后,黏度降低76.2%和75.6%,室温放置60天后降黏率下降小于3个百分点,气相色谱显示裂解后轻组分明显增加,红外光谱显示稠油组分发生脱羧反应且芳环数减少。讨论了稠油催化水热裂解反应机理。所用化学助剂JN-A在油水中均可溶,耐温达250℃,耐矿化度达50 g/L,其水溶液以30∶100的质量比与稠油混合时形成低黏度的O/W乳状液。当水相含1.0%JN-A和0.5%催化剂时,两种稠油水热裂解后的反应混合物为O/W乳状液,黏度仅为319和309 mPa.s,静置除水后的稠油降黏率增加到86.5%和87.3%,其中的轻组分含量进一步增加。该井下乳化/催化水热裂解复合降黏法成功地用于孤东两口蒸汽吞吐井,稠油井作业后初期采出的原油黏度由~9 Pa.s降低到1 Pa.s左右,随采油时间延长而逐渐升高,约50天后超过4Pa.s。图2表6参5。     

River Bifurcation Analysis by Physical and Numerical Modeling

In the framework of a river regulation design of the Po River Delta (Northern Italy), a study on a large physical model of the bifurcation Po di Goro-Po di Venezia was conducted with the main objective of determining the discharge subdivision rate at the river node, in order to assess the inflow conditions in the Po di Goro River for flood risk analysis. In this context, a two-dimensional depth averaged numerical model was tested against measured values, with reference to the prototype. In this paper a comprehensive analysis and discussion of the results is reported in order to highlight the applicability of numerical models in comparison with physical ones in river engineering applications.     

Transport of a surface-applied corrosion inhibitor in cement paste and concrete

Surface-applied corrosion inhibitors are a kind of repair material and usually contain an aminoalcohol and a component forming a salt with the aminoalcohol. According to the manufacturers, this type of inhibitor penetrates very rapidly into concrete; however, the transport mechanisms have not been sufficiently investigated so far. The major part of the study therefore focused on the transport of the ingredients of an inhibitor in cement paste and concrete, which contained an aminoalcohol and a phosphorous compound. It has been shown that the latter forms an insoluble calcium salt in the environment of cement and precipitates quantitatively. It is thus unable to penetrate from the outside into the alkaline concrete zone and cannot develop its inhibiting effect there. The aminoalcohol, on the other hand, is not bound by cement, but remains largely dissolved in the pore liquid, thus providing optimal conditions for high mobility. The analysis of the transport mechanisms involved has revealed that diffusion in the dissolved state is by far the most efficient transport mechanism. While basically the transport of the aminoalcohol via the gaseous phase is possible, it does play an inferior role only. Surprisingly, the substance had hardly been absorbed by concrete by capillary suction, but at first remained close to the concrete surface.     

石油沥青60℃动力粘度测定影响因素的探讨

粘度是表征沥青稠度的一个重要指标。通过论述石油沥青粘度测定法(真空毛细管法)中毛细管的选择、温度、真空度、取样量等对试验结果的影响及试验过程中的其它注意事项,表明了在测定石油沥青的60℃动力粘度时,必须严格按照试验方法的要求进行测定,以保证试验结果的准确性。     

Range of the Applicability of the Wilkins Method to the Investigation of the Dynamic Stress-Strain State of Anisotropic Elastic Axisymmetric Shells

The exactness and stability of the Wilkins method in the investigation of the stress-strain state of axisymmetric anisotropic elastic shells, including thick-walled ones, have been studied for different values of artificial viscosity, pulse load rise and fall time, and different deformation process durations. A comparison of numerical calculations, performed by means of an application software package developed by V. A. Romashchenko on the basis of the Wilkins method, with experimental results, known numerical data, and with calculations using the computation kernel LS-DYNA 3D has been carried out.