高温黏度测试在浮法玻璃生产组分调整中的应用

利用ORTON高温旋转黏度计测试生产线玻璃组分在调整前、后的黏度-温度曲线,通过黏度-温度曲线分析玻璃内在热学性质的变化情况,根据不同温度段的黏度变化情况制订出合理的调整熔化工艺参数方案,可缩短生产过程中组分调整时间,减少无效作业时间,提高产品质量。     

The effect of polycations on early cement paste

This paper studies the possibility for improving the ductility of cement based materials by means of oligocationic additives. Actually, the setting of cement is due to ionic correlation forces between highly negatively charged C-S-H nanoparticles throughout a calcium rich solution. The main drawback of this strong attraction is its very short range that results in low elastic deformation of hydrated cementitious materials. A way to enlarge the attraction range between C-S-H particles would be to add cationic oligomers that would compete with calcium ions modifying the ionic correlation forces via a bridging mechanism of longer range, which could lead to a more ductile material. The studied parameters were the polymerization degree, the separation distance between the charged monomers and the balance between oligocations and monovalent and divalent cations in the solution. The results, both experimental and numerical by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, demonstrate that cationic oligomers can compete with calcium cations as counterions to the C-S-H surface. The cohesive forces between C-S-H surfaces, calculated by MC simulations, show an interesting behaviour where range and magnitude can be tuned with oligomer concentration, polymerization degree and line charge density. Thus, it seems possible to modulate the ductility and critical strain of cement by addition of cationic oligomers.     

Influence of clays on the rheology of cement pastes

The fresh state of concrete is becoming increasingly important in furthering the types of applications of today's construction world. Processing techniques have resulted in technologies such as self-consolidating concrete and depend on the microstructural changes that take place during and immediately after mixing and placing. These changes to the microstructure reflect the flocculation behavior between the particles in suspension. The ability to modify this behavior allows control over the balance among flowability and shape-stability of concrete. This study investigates how clay admixtures affect the microstructure of cement pastes from a rheological stand point. Shear and compressive rheology techniques are used to measure how the solids volume fraction of suspensions with different admixtures evolves with stress. Based on these relationships, the effectiveness of clays on the balance between flowability and shape-stability is measured. Results are consistent with green strength tests performed on concrete mixes derived from the cement paste mixes.     

High performance water-borne paints with high volume solids based on bimodal latexes

The performance of water-borne paints formulated with five different high solids content acrylic (MMA/BA/MAA) latexes was investigated. These latexes had different particle size distributions (unimodal at 61 wt% and bimodal with the large mode below or above 350 nm at 65 wt% solids), different types of surfactant and in one case the carboxylic monomer was omitted.     

水葫芦叶绿素面膜膏的研制

文章利用水葫芦叶固有鲜亮绿色富含叶绿素这一特性,在最佳工艺条件下提取叶绿素来制备营养保湿面膜膏。以较简单的配方为原则,选择在面膜膏中应用较为广泛的原料进行叶绿素面膜膏的试制。通过正交实验,找出一个具有最佳面膜膏的基础配方来调配面膜膏,并对该产品的理化指标进行检测和产品使用效果进行评价。     

异戊橡胶门尼粘度比对与统计分析

CNAS-RL02:2012《能力验证规则》中规定,申请认可和已获认可的实验室,根据检验领域和项目,选择1次/1年或1次2年的周期参加相关项目的能力验证或测量审核,没有能力验证计划的项目可选择与权威机构进行比对,也可以选择参加权威机构组织的实验室间比对,证明其检验项目在该领域的检验能力。在合成橡胶行业中对外具备国家资质的实验室不多,由于能力验证计划涉及的检验项目有限,为满足合成橡胶行业检验水平的提升和检验技术的进步,国家合成橡胶质量监督检验中心勇于承担社会责任,策划组织40家合成橡胶行业所属的实验室,开展了异戊橡胶门尼粘度的比对工作。比对结果统计与分析采用稳健统计技术,统计结果反映合成橡胶行业测试水平。异戊橡胶IR60、IR80门尼粘度实验室间的比对,各参加实验室使用门尼粘度标准物质校准门尼粘度计,Z值绝对值平均值均小于0.8,满意结果均在95%以上,没有出现离群值,各实验室的测试水平较以往有大幅度提升。     

新型稠油采收降黏助剂的研制和应用

研制了稠油采收降黏助剂,表面活性剂单体选用了主要成分为木质素磺酸盐的造纸废液作为分散剂,减少了环境污染。配方定型和配方复配中,将降黏剂改为两剂型,有效利用了溶解热。对该降黏剂进行了稠油乳化降黏实验,稠油黏度由8371mPa·s降至23,2mPa·s,总降黏率达99％以上。室内和现场实验效果良好,解决了稠油采收的难题,提高了稠油油藏的采收率。     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的合成及工艺研究

以丁二酸(SA),1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料,通过熔融聚合法合成聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)。通过对催化剂筛选及用量、缩聚反应温度、总反应时间和酸醇比等因素对产品粘均分子量影响的探讨,优化出了熔融法合成PBS的最佳工艺条件:选择SnCl2做催化剂,用量在2%(以催化剂加入SA的质量比表示),缩聚反应温度在230℃,总反应时间5h,在酸醇配比为1∶1.1时,反应得到的PBS产品的粘均分子量最大,粘均分子量为5.14×104g/mol,产品颜色为白色。用IR、TG、1H-NMR等表征证明产品合成成功。     

Another engineering wake model variant for horizontal axis wind turbines

An engineering model is presented for predicting the performance of a single turbine located in an incoming turbulent, sheared, wind velocity field. The approach used is a variant of the well‐known and documented Ainslie eddy viscosity approach as also employed in the Direct Wake Meandering model. It incorporates a new and simple means of representing the rotor's loading profile, initializing the calculations, simplifying the wakes' shear layer mixing model and accounting for wind shear effects. Additionally, two figures of merit are employed for assessing the reliability of all data used and predictions provided. The first, a wake momentum‐flux/thrust parameter, is used for quantitatively assessing the accuracy and utility of both measured and/or computational wake data. The second, a rotor swept area wake‐averaged velocity, is employed as a single quantitative measure of a turbine's impact on its downstream neighbor. Through detailed comparisons with three independent state‐of‐the‐art Computational Fluid Dynamic generated datasets and a field‐measured dataset, the current model is shown to be accurate for turbine rated power levels from 100 kW to 2.3 MW, wind speeds of 6 to 22 m s^?1 (corresponding to turbine thrust coefficient levels of 0.14 to 0.8) and free‐stream turbulence levels from 0% to 16%. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

晶体硅太阳能电池正面银浆的作用机制

正面银浆由银粉、玻璃成分和粘合剂等组成,根据硅光伏电池的电阻构成、正面银浆各组分的特性对烧结时银浆料与硅基体的物理化学变化进行了分析。正面银浆选用密度高的球形银粉,Pb-Te系玻璃,烧结后栅线有足够大的高宽比,增加线条横截面积,使细栅线体电阻(Rf)达到最小值;烧结时还原生成铅和碲单质及其化合物,与硅基体形成共晶导电夹层,使前接触电阻(Rfc)达到最小值;硅太阳能电池的串联电阻(Rs)变小了,光电转换效率就得到提高。