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21.
本文通过提高果汁含量和选用效果良好的复配增稠剂对柑橘为原料制成的果汁型橙汁囊胞饮料的悬浮稳定性进行了研究,同时采用SPME-GC-MS技术对其几种主要香气物质进行了鉴定分析,并研究了其流变特性。实验结果表明,0.2%黄原胶+0.25%果胶,0.15%CMC+0.2%黄原胶+0.1%果胶,0.1%CMC+0.05%黄原胶+0.1%琼脂和0.1%黄原胶+0.1%果胶+0.1%琼脂等4种不同组成的复合稳定剂对果汁型橙汁囊胞饮料的悬浮效果良好;添加了增稠剂的果汁更加稳定,且为非牛顿流体,呈典型的假塑性流体特征,且添加增稠剂对橙汁囊胞饮料中的几种主要香气物质的释放造成了一定影响,不同组成的增稠剂对其影响也不太相同,其中3-蒈烯、d-柠檬烯、β-香叶烯、γ-萜品烯和紫苏醛被检出的含量均出现明显降低,但饮料的表观粘度与香气释放没有直接的关系。 相似文献
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Free volatiles, and those hydrolytically released from glycosidic forms, were analyzed for Sauvignon Blanc juices from three successive vintages. Most of the 213 compounds identified were in one of the bio-genetic categories: norisoprenoids, benzene derivatives, monoterpenes or aliphatics. Several have not been previously reported as grape components. Monoterpenes were in lower concentration than normally found in floral grape varieties, but at higher levels than reported in Chardonnay juices. A notable proportion (40–50%) of the bound monoterpenes were monocyclic. Hydration of α-terpineol at pH 3 gave c-4-(1-hydroxy-1-methyIethyl)-1-methyl-r-1-cyclohexanol (cis-p-men-thane-1,8-diol) and t-4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1-methyl-r-1-cy-clohexanol (trans-p-menthane-1,8-diol) as the main products and a low yield of t-4-(1-methylethyl)-r-1-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol (trans-p-menthane-1,4-diol). These were confirmed as major components of the acid hydrolysates of the bound fraction. 相似文献
24.
A commercial fungal proteolytic enzyme from Aspergillus niger was used in kiwifruit juice as a replacement for conventional fining agents to produce a stable clarified juice. Reductions in detectable protein levels of 73% and 82% were achieved using 500 mg/kg of enzyme and incubating at 60°C for 20 and 60 min respectively. Concentrates prepared from proteolytic enzyme-treated juice had reduced browning and haze formation compared to a control, without affecting ascorbic acid level. When stored at 20°C, proteolytic enzyme treated concentrates (60 min) remained clear up to 90 days and had minimal haze (A650 nm= 0.047) and browning (A420 nm= 0.93) after 6 mo storage. The molecular size of the protein as well as protein concentration are important factors in haze formation. 相似文献
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Green tea seems to have a positive impact on health due to the therein-found flavanols. The amounts of these substances depend on tea preparation. In this paper, the influence of steeping time (3–7 min) and temperature (70–100 °C) on the content of the main flavanols in green tea (epicatechin EC, epicatechin gallate ECg, epigallocatechin EGC, and epigallocatechin gallate EGCg) is presented. Furthermore, additives (phosphate buffers, ascorbic acid in different amounts, and citric acid) are used to investigate the influence of pH, antioxidative, and chelating agents, simulating the addition of lemon juice or pure vitamin C. 相似文献
27.
Inactivation of Penicillum expansum in sour cherry juice, peach and apricot nectars by pulsed electric fields 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Inhibitory effects of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on Penicillum expansum inoculated into sour cherry juice, apricot and peach nectars were determined based on germination tube elongation, spore germination rate, and light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations in this study. After inoculation of juice/nectar samples with P. expansum spores at the level of 10(5)-10(6)cfu/mL, the samples were processed by bench scale PEF pulse generator as a function of differing electric field strengths (0, 13, 17, 20, 23, 27, 30 and 34kV/cm) and processing times (0, 62, 94, 123, 163, 198 and 218mus). Results revealed that with an increase in electric field strength and processing time, germination tube elongation and spore germination rate were completely inhibited. Light and SEM observations revealed considerable morphological alterations in fungal conidia such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations, shrinkage and protoplast leakage. PEF processing of juice/nectars was demonstrated to be effective in inactivating P. expansum. To our knowledge, this is the first study confirming the inhibitory effects of PEF on germination tube elongation and spore germination rate of P. expansum in fruit juice/nectars. 相似文献
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Kinetic analysis of non-enzymatic browning in carrot juice concentrate during storage 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Hou-yin Wang Xiao-song Hu Fang Chen Ji-hong Wu Zheng-hua Zhang Xiao-jun Liao Zheng-fu Wang 《European Food Research and Technology》2006,223(2):282-289
The effect of storage temperature, storage time and total soluble solid (TSS) on the total sugar (TS), sucrose, glucose, fructose, total amino acid (TAA), pH, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and browning degree (BD) in carrot juice concentrate (CJC) stored at −18, 0, 25 and 37 °C was studied and the relationship between HMF and BD was established. Higher temperature at 25 and 37 °C had a significant effect (p<0.05) on TS, sucrose, glucose, fructose, TAA, pH, HMF and BD, while lower temperature at 0 and −18 °C had less effect, and the storage time and the soluble solid of CJC stored at 25 and 37 °C also had a significant effect on HMF formation and BD. At 25 and 37 °C, the formation of HMF and BD followed a first-order reaction well as a function of storage time; a good correlation between HMF formation and BD occurred. The formation of HMF could described by the total soluble solid value [TSS] and the BD value ([BD], absorbance at 420 nm) of CJC, the equation was [HMF] (content of HMF) = 1.2177 − 0.1124 × [TSS] + (2.835 + 0.3477 × [TSS]) × [BD] and [HMF] = 1.5510 − 0.4813 × [TSS] + (23.8847 + 0.7249 × [TSS]) × [BD] at 25 and 37 °C, respectively. 相似文献
30.
自絮凝颗粒酵母发酵菊芋汁生产乙醇 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
分别采用分批和连续发酵方式,对自絮凝颗粒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae flo发酵菊芋汁生产乙醇的条件进行了优化. 与先酶解菊芋汁后再用自絮凝酵母发酵的分步糖化发酵相比,分批发酵过程中同时加入菊粉酶和自絮凝酵母的同步糖化发酵乙醇得率高,发酵时间短. 当菊芋汁总糖浓度分别为105和179 g/L时,同步糖化发酵的最高乙醇浓度达50和82.5 g/L,比分步糖化发酵高6.4%和13.8%. 在连续发酵过程中应用同步糖化发酵法,当稀释率为0.02 h-1时,乙醇浓度约为90 g/L时达到稳定状态,乙醇得率达到理论值的90%,生产强度达2.12 g/(L×h). 相似文献