General Synthesis of Dual Carbon‐Confined Metal Sulfides Quantum Dots Toward High‐Performance Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Sponge‐like composites assembled by cobalt sulfides quantum dots (Co₉S₈ QD), mesoporous hollow carbon polyhedral (HCP) matrix, and a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrapping sheets are synthesized by a simultaneous thermal reduction, carbonization, and sulfidation of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks@GO precursors. Specifically, Co₉S₈ QD with size less than 4 nm are homogenously embedded within HCP matrix, which is encapsulated in macroporous rGO, thereby leading to the double carbon‐confined hierarchical composites with strong coupling effect. Experimental data combined with density functional theory calculations reveal that the presence of coupled rGO not only prevents the aggregation and excessive growth of particles, but also expands the lattice parameters of Co₉S₈ crystals, enhancing the reactivity for sodium storage. Benefiting from the hierarchical porosity, conductive network, structural integrity, and a synergistic effect of the components, the sponge‐like composites used as binder‐free anodes manifest outstanding sodium‐storage performance in terms of excellent stable capacity (628 mAh g^?1 after 500 cycles at 300 mA g^?1) and exceptional rate capability (529, 448, and 330 mAh g^?1 at 1600, 3200, and 6400 mA g^?1). More importantly, the synthetic method is very versatile and can be easily extended to fabricate other transition‐metal‐sulfides‐based sponge‐like composites with excellent electrochemical performances.     

LD抽运复合YAG晶体温度场及热透镜效应研究

为了研究复合Nd:YAG激光晶体棒在端面抽运下的温度分布及热透镜效应,采用数值分析法得到了端面抽运激光晶体棒内温度场的数值解,当抽运光功率为18W、光斑半径0.2mm时,吸收系数为3.5/cm的复合晶体内最大温度为73.8℃;同时还得到了径向梯度折射率引起的轴向传播光相位延迟分布ΔΦt(r),并与相同条件下的普通晶体作了比较.结果表明,采用复合晶体可以大幅度降低激光晶体内的温升,并减小端面变形导致的透镜效应;复合晶体内的相位延迟分布ΔΦt(r)与普通晶体的相似,且不满足对半径r的二次方关系;热透镜和参考球面镜透镜的相位延迟分布之间存在畸变Δφ,在r较小(rp)时,相位延迟分布ΔΦt(r)可近似等效于一球面透镜,其等效焦距fGRIN值与普通晶体的接近,在r较大(r>wp)时,畸变Δφ随r增大而急剧增大.     

面向21世纪的纳米电子学

评论了纳米电子学的沿革路程,介绍了纳米电子学的研究内容,并预测了它的发展趋势。进而指出,纳米电子学的崛起与发展将会对21世纪的量子计算机、量子通信以及量子信息处理等产生革命性的影响。     

空间光通信中空间辐射对光纤放大器性能的影响

以60Co为辐射源, 通过地面辐射模拟实验, 对掺铒和铒镱共掺两种光纤放大器的性能变化进行了对比分析。实验结果表明, 在总剂量为40 krad的低剂量轨道辐射环境中, 信号光通过这两种光纤放大器后, 其中心波长及半宽都没有发生显著变化, 这为光纤放大器能够应用于空间光通信提供了保证; 在辐照过程中掺铒光纤放大器的增益下降3.91 dB, 而铒镱共掺光纤放大器的增益下降17.60 dB, 表明镱离子的存在使得铒镱共掺光纤放大器的抗辐射性能要明显弱于掺铒光纤放大器, 这也为不同发射功率下的空间光通信系统在选择合适类型的放大器时提供了一个有益的参考。     

Investigation of LSPR Coupling Effects toward the Rational Design of CsxWO3–δ Based Solar NIR Filtering Coatings

The optical range of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is extended into the infrared region, thanks to the development of highly doped semiconductor nanocrystals. Particularly, the near-infrared (NIR) range holds a significant interest in managing solar radiation. However, practical applications necessitate the arrangement of particles, which is known to possibly impact their optical properties through LSPR coupling effects. How such coupling modifies the LSPR response in semiconductor hosts remains largely unexplored. In this study, a protocol for producing composite coatings composed of cesium-doped tungsten bronze nanocrystals embedded in a silica matrix is presented. Achieving individual dispersion of nanocrystals is made possible through careful selection of a surface polyglycerol ligand exchange. This allows to tune the interparticle distance by adjusting the nanocrystal volume fraction in the composite. The findings demonstrate that LSPR coupling effects significantly influence the LSPR intensity of nanocrystals in the composite when the nanocrystal-to-nanocrystal distance matches their size. Beyond elucidating the LSPR coupling effect, this study provides insights into the potential use of Cs-HTB nanocrystals for solar control applications. Through the optimization of morphology and film structure, remarkable selectivity is obtained in terms of maintaining good transparency in the visible range while achieving high absorption in the NIR.     

基于偏振不敏感超材料的全光可调谐太赫兹慢光效应研究

太赫兹(terahertz,THz) 慢光效应可以有效地提升THz脉冲数据传输的安全性和存储性,而一般THz慢光器件对入射THz波偏振态变化敏感。本文设计了一种超材料结构,其微结构单元由一个十字型谐振器和4个U型谐振器构成。研究表明:基于超材料的THz慢光效应对线偏振光和圆偏振光均不敏感。通过对超材料结构的参数优化,获得到了最大群折射率为1 618的慢光效应。另外,本文在超材料微结构层和SiO₂衬底之间嵌入了一层二硫化钼(MoS₂)薄膜,当MoS₂的载流子浓度从1.7×10¹⁷ cm-3增大到5.1×10¹⁹ cm-3时,群折射率从1 566减小到26。实现了偏振不敏感全光可调谐的THz慢光效应。该研究有望为偏振不敏感和全光可调谐的THz慢光器件设计提供崭新的研究思路。     

非相干耦合亮-暗屏蔽光伏孤子对的温度特性

在忽略扩散效应情况下,讨论了外加电场光伏光折变晶体中的非相干耦合亮暗屏蔽光伏孤子对的温度特性。当温度一定时,晶体中可形成稳定的非相干耦合亮暗屏蔽光伏孤子对,当温度变化时,孤子对的包络形状可变到另一稳态。通过改变温度,可以来调整孤子对的空间形状。     

Characterization of Hg1−xCdxTe heterostructures by thermoelectric measurements

P-on-n mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) heterostructures grown by MOCVD with As and In as n- and p-type dopants, respectively, are examined by measuring the Seebeck and Hall coefficients between 20 and 320K. The results are analyzed regarding doping and composition of the layers by least squares fitting the experimental profiles with the calculated temperature dependencies. The electron and hole densities of the layers are calculated taking into account Fermi-Dirac statistics, a nonparabolic conduction band, a parabolic valence band, a discrete acceptor level, and fully ionized donors. For the Seebeck coefficient, the relation we previously showed to be valid for p-type MCT¹ is used. This relation relies on the thermoelectric effect in a temperature gradient resulting from the diffusion of nondegenerate carriers scattered by LO-phonons. It also fits the observed thermoelectric properties of n-type MCT in a wide temperature range. The doping and structural parameters determined from the thermoelectric measurements agreed very well with As and In profiles obtained from secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements and the data obtained from analyses of infrared transmission measurements.     

注BF^＋2MOS电容的电离辐射效应

着重研究了γ辐照后,不同偏置情况下,N—Sub MOS电容的高频C—V曲线随B_2~+注入剂量的变化,并对实验结果进行了分析讨论。     

非对称型外差激光探针

本文描述用于检测微振动的非对称型外差激光探针系统及实验结果。实验数据表明,系统检测灵敏度为1×10~(-4)nm/(Hz)~1/2将本系统用于检测薄膜电路在交变电热下的微振动以及表面波聚焦换能器的辐射声场分布,得到满意的结果。