乳状液膜法处理苯基胍废水的试验研究

研究了苯基胍废水的乳状液膜处理方法,选择了最佳的液膜体系,考察了各种因素对COD_Cr去除率的影响。结果表明:以w（表面活性剂L-113A）为3%、φ（添加剂）为6%、φ（盐酸）为10%、油内比R_oi为2:1的液膜体系,当乳水比R_cw=1:8、外水相pH值为8～9、传质15min,可使苯胺和苯基胍含量分别为2504mg/L和5985mg/L的苯基胍废水,去除率达99%以上,同时COD_Cr去除率达74.5%。     

P3HT:PCBM, best seller in polymer photovoltaic research

In the field of polymer‐based photovoltaic cells, poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 1‐(3‐methoxycarbonyl)propyl‐1‐phenyl[6,6]C₆₁ (PCBM) are, to date, the most‐studied active materials around the world for the bulk‐heterojunction structure. Various power‐conversion efficiencies are reported up to approximately 5%. This Research News article is focused on a survey of the tremendous literature published between 2002 and 2010 that exhibits solar cells based on blends of P3HT and PCBM.     

LED封装胶的制备及其性能的研究

研究合成了甲基苯基乙烯基有机硅树脂、甲基苯基氢基有机硅交联剂、配位铂催化剂,再通过优化组合,制备出高透明、高折光率LED封装用有机硅胶黏剂,确定封装胶的凝胶温度100℃、固化温度110.9℃和后处理温度142.2℃,固化反应热△H为-7.74J/g。讨论了树脂、交联剂、催化剂配比对封装胶力学性能影响。分别研究了80℃、120℃、150℃下封装胶的固化状态,发现封装胶的力学特点是低温下剪切强度不高,高温强度不低。所制备的封装胶热稳定性高,通过TG分析,失重拐点在260℃左右;封装胶的光学性能优异,其透光率为98%、折光率为1.51。     

天然香精香料与生物技术

天然香精香料是高价值的精细化工产品和食品添加剂,但原料来源有限且提取成本高。利用生物技术生产这类产品具有广阔的前景。简述了发酵工程、酶工程、细胞工程和基因工程在香精香料中的应用,并探讨了生物技术在香精香料中的应用前景。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定白屈菜种子中挥发油 成分分析及氨基酸含量

目的研究白屈菜种子中挥发油的化学成分并建立一种反相高效液相色谱法对白屈菜种子中游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸含量进行测定。方法采用气质联用的方法对白屈菜种子中的挥发油成分进行分析,采用反相高效液相色谱法,以异硫氰酸苯酯为衍生试剂进行柱前衍生,采用梯度洗脱的方法,检测白屈菜种子中游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸含量。结果挥发油中共鉴定出化学成分27个,其中亚油酸的含量最高可达到65%左右。氨基酸的检测浓度线性范围为0.0020~0.2700 mmol/L,r均≥0.9991。21种游离氨基酸的平均加样回收率在87.88%~100.10%之间,RSD在0.62%~2.58%之间(n=6);水解氨基酸的平均加样回收率在91.79%~100.03%之间,RSD在0.48%~1.97%之间(n=6)。结论白屈菜种子种中挥发油的主要成分为不饱和脂肪酸,本文建立的氨基酸测定方法经方法学验证适合白屈菜种子中游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸的含量测定。     

有机硅改性阳离子淀粉降滤失剂的合成及性能

以六甲基二硅氮烷(以下称有机硅)、苯基有机胺、羧甲基淀粉等为原料,制备出一种油田钻井液用抗165℃高温的有机硅改性阳离子淀粉降滤失剂(OSCS)。FT IR结果显示,羧甲基淀粉(CMS)结构上引入了苯基阳离子和有机硅基团。用差热分析考察其热稳定性,结果表明,OSCS的热分解温度为262℃。用高温滚子加热炉和中压滤失量测定仪等钻井液专用仪器,考察了OSCS的钻井液性能,结果显示,在170℃高温滚动16h后较高温滚动前,API滤失量略有增加。因此所合成的有机硅改性苯基阳离子淀粉降滤失剂OSCS在170℃高温下具有良好的耐热稳定性,适用于井底温度低于170℃的深井钻探。     

Synthesis and characterization of tin(IV) phenyl phosphonate in nano form

An inorgano-organic ion exchanger, Sn(IV) phenyl phosphonate, has been synthesized in amorphous form. Further, an attempt has been made to synthesize Sn(IV) phenyl phosphonate in the nano form. The materials have been characterized for elemental analysis (ICP-AES), thermal analysis (TGA), X-ray analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Chemical resistivity of these materials has been accessed in acidic, basic and organic solvent media. Catalytic activity has been studied and compared by using esterification of ethylene glycol as a model reaction wherein glycoldiacetate has been prepared. The transport properties of these materials have been explored by measuring specific proton conduction at different temperatures using SOLARTRON DATASET impedance analyser over a frequency range 1 Hz-1 MHz. It has been observed that Sn(IV) phenyl phosphate in the nano form behaves as a better Bronsted catalyst and proton conductor as compared to the amorphous form.     

Polymeric decontaminant 2 (N,N‐dichloropolystyrene sulfonamide): Synthesis,characterization, and efficacy against simulant of sulfur mustard

A polymeric decontaminant N,N‐dichloropolystyrene sulfonamide was synthesized by different steps from starting material polystyrene and followed by sulfonation, chlorosulfonation, and amidification. Halogeno‐sulfonamide was obtained by treatment of sodium hypochlorite with sulfonamide resin. It was characterized by FTIR, solubility, viscosity, DSC, and TGA techniques. Efficiency of this polymer as decontaminant was evaluated by reaction with 2‐chloro ethyl phenyl sulfide, a simulant of sulfur mustard (SM) at room temperature. This decontamination reaction was monitored by gas chromatography (GC) and products were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The positive chlorine content of this polymer was checked by standard iodometry titration. The synthesized positive chlorine compound is observed to be a promising decontaminant against simulant of sulfur mustard, chiefly in the situation where use of aqueous medium such as acetonitrile : water (2 : 1) is precluded. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

燕麦发酵饮料乳酸菌菌种的筛选

选用保加利亚乳杆菌(Lb)、嗜热链球菌(St)、植物乳杆菌(Lp)和嗜酸乳杆菌(La)4种乳酸菌分别进行燕麦饮料发酵,考察不同乳酸菌发酵对燕麦发酵饮料的理化特性、营养成分及风味的影响,旨在筛选最适宜燕麦发酵饮料的乳酸菌菌种。研究结果表明:相对于其它3个菌种,菌种Lp产酸速率快,发酵后活菌数增加较多(3.89×10~9 cfu/m L),黏度(9.08 mp·s)与La(9.28 mp·s)无显著差异,却显著大于Lb(7.07 mp·s)和St(7.17 mp·s)菌种(p0.05)。发酵制备的燕麦发酵饮料中总酚含量高,为12.43 mg/100m L,植酸含量低(16.49 mg/100 m L),β-葡聚糖含量与其它菌种发酵饮料差异不显著(p0.05)。GC-MS分析结果表明Lp发酵后的燕麦饮料产生较多的醛类,醇类以及有机酸等挥发性风味成分,使燕麦发酵饮料拥有较为独特的口感,其感官评分也最高。因此,筛选出菌种Lp为最适宜的燕麦发酵饮料乳酸菌菌种。     

4-(4-乙烯基苯基)苯甲酸-(-4乙烯基)苯酯的合成

以联苯为原料,经傅克酰化、溴代、格氏和氧化反应,制备了4-(4-乙酰基苯基)苯甲酸;以苯甲醚为原料经傅克酰化,醚解制备了4-乙酰基苯酚;两者再经酯化、还原、脱水反应,合成了一种新型的双官能团聚合物材料单体4-(4-乙烯基)苯基苯甲酸-(4-乙烯基)苯酯,基于联苯的总收率为7%～10%,其结构经1 H NMR和FT-IR确认,并用偏光显微镜和差示扫描量热仪对其液晶性进行了研究。