多类混凝土和各向同性岩石损伤比强度准则

针对已有损伤比变量下的损伤比强度理论仅适用于混凝土且偏平面略有内凹等不足,基于多轴应力下混凝土损伤比强度理论的一般形式,根据已有试验资料关于普通混凝土、再生骨料混凝土、轻骨料混凝土和各向同性岩石破坏包络面的特征,建议考虑Lode角和静水压力对受压损伤比影响以及考虑材料类型对受拉损伤比影响的六参数损伤比变量表达式,且损伤...     

Treatment of Critical Size Femoral Bone Defects with Biomimetic Hybrid Scaffolds of 3D Plotted Calcium Phosphate Cement and Mineralized Collagen Matrix

To treat critical-size bone defects, composite materials and tissue-engineered bone grafts play important roles in bone repair materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bone regenerative potential of hybrid scaffolds consisting of macroporous calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and microporous mineralized collagen matrix (MCM). Hybrid scaffolds were synthetized by 3D plotting CPC and then filling with MCM (MCM-CPC group) and implanted into a 5 mm critical size femoral defect in rats. Defects left empty (control group) as well as defects treated with scaffolds made of CPC only (CPC group) and MCM only (MCM group) served as controls. Eight weeks after surgery, micro-computed tomography scans and histological analysis were performed to analyze the newly formed bone, the degree of defect healing and the activity of osteoclasts. Mechanical stability was tested by 3-point-bending of the explanted femora. Compared with the other groups, more newly formed bone was found within MCM-CPC scaffolds. The new bone tissue had a clamp-like structure which was fully connected to the hybrid scaffolds and thereby enhanced the biomechanical strength. Together, the biomimetic hybrid MCM-CPC scaffolds enhanced bone defect healing by improved osseointegration and their differentiated degradation provides spatial effects in the process of critical-bone defect healing.     

岩体可爆性分级判别的属性测度模型及其应用

选择坚固性系数、声阻抗、炸药消耗量,以及平均裂隙距作为岩体可爆性分级评判指标,应用属性测度理论建立岩体可爆性分级综合评价属性测度模型。针对岩体可爆性评价实例进行分析评价,评价结果与灰色优化模型和模糊综合评判法的评判结果一致,从而验证了属性测度模型应用于岩体可爆性分级评价的可行性和有效性。由于属性识别理论能很好地解决某类问题具有多个模糊属性的综合评价,且置信度准则是根据评价集具有有序性这一特点而提出的,因而可使评价结果更为可靠。     

Disruption of Membrane Integrity as a Molecular Initiating Event Determines the Toxicity of Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Depending on the Routes of Exposure

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P), a cationic biocide, is widely used in household products due to its strong bactericidal activity and low toxicity. However, it causes fatal lung damage when inhaled. In this study, we investigated why PHMG-P causes fatal lung injury when inhaled, and demonstrated that the disruption of membrane integrity through ionic interaction—a molecular initiating event of PHMG-P—determines toxicity. Mice were injected intravenously with 0.9 or 7.2 mg/kg PHMG-P (IV group), or instilled intratracheally with 0.9 mg/kg PHMG-P (ITI group); they were euthanatized at 4 h and on days 1 and 7 after treatment. Increased total BAL cell count and proinflammatory cytokine production, along with fibrotic changes in the lungs, were detected in the ITI group only. Levels of hepatic enzymes and hepatic serum amyloid A mRNA expression were markedly upregulated in the 7.2 mg/kg IV and ITI groups at 4 h or day 1 after treatment, but returned to baseline. No pathological findings were detected in the heart, liver, or kidneys. To simulate the IV injection, A549, THP-1, and HepG2 cells were treated with PHMG-P in cell culture media supplemented with different serum concentrations. Increased serum concentration was associated with an increase in cell viability. These results support the idea that direct contact between PHMG-P and cell membranes is necessary for PHMG-induced toxicity.     

超硬岩露天深孔台阶爆破参数优化研究

为解决在新疆金宝铁矿露天深孔台阶爆破过程中存在的大块率高、留有根底等影响铲装效率与后续生产的问题,通过现场调查统计与分析,摸清大块产出部位,剖析大块产出与出现根底的原因,并提出相应对策。基于矿岩物理力学性质与矿山现有条件,提出针对超硬岩露天深孔台阶爆破的小孔排距爆破方案,对孔网参数及起爆网路进行了优化提升,采用115 mm孔径,孔排距3.5 m×3.0 m、堵塞长度2.5 ~ 3.0 m,孔间毫秒延期时间为11、13、18 ms,排间毫秒延期时间为21、29、37 ms。工程实践表明,小孔排距深孔台阶爆破适用于铁矿石等超硬岩的深孔台阶爆破,相比原爆破方案大块率降低约8.7%,爆后无根底,大大提高了露天矿山采剥效率,很好地满足了生产要求。爆破振动速度降幅约为28.1%,减少了对边坡岩体的扰动和破坏。小孔排距深孔台阶爆破在超硬岩露天矿山矿岩采剥中体现了良好的适用性,能够有效减少大块和消除台阶根底,可为露天矿山超硬岩深孔台阶爆破提供借鉴与参考。     

黄铜在含磷酸二氢钠或硅酸钠的铝酸盐电解液中的等离子电解氧化行为和耐腐蚀性能（英文）

采用等离子电解氧化(PEO)技术对黄铜进行表面处理,研究其在铝酸盐电解液中分别加入NaH₂PO₄ (S1)和Na₂SiO₃(S2)添加剂对涂层形成和耐腐蚀性能的影响。在S1电解液中进行PEO处理的初始阶段,黄铜表面形成AlPO₄和Al₂O₃的混合涂层,导致快速产生等离子体火花放电现象并形成由Al₂O₃、CuO、Cu₂O和ZnO组成的黑色涂层。然而,在S2电解液中,等离子体火花放电行为延迟产生。由于产生较多的Cu₂O,S2涂层显示为深红棕色。Mott-Schottky测试表明,S1涂层为p型半导体;S2涂层具有n型和p型半导体可调性。动电位极化和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试表明,PEO处理能显著提高黄铜的耐腐蚀性,腐蚀防护效率可达91.50%,S1涂层电荷转移电阻最大可达59.95 kΩ·cm²。     

新法合成磷酸锌锂及其多重数据挖掘

对合成磷酸锌锂的新方法进行了研究.以磷酸锌铵和碳酸锂为原料经室温固相反应得到前驱体,接着让这一前驱体在高温下保温晶化得结晶形态的磷酸锌锂.基于均匀设计试验方案以及数据挖掘技术的应用,研究了研磨时间、保温时间、保温温度对磷酸锌锂晶体合成的影响.XRD表征的结果表明,用最佳工艺条件合成得到的产物为63 nm的LiZnPO4,且产物产率高达99.5%.实验成功地同时优化控制了磷酸锌锂的组成及产率,从而得到比较纯净的、结晶态的磷酸锌锂晶体.     

高镁磷尾矿制备磷镁二元复合肥料的初步研究

在对高镁磷尾矿的物相和化学组成、反应特性、抗阻缓性、发泡特性以及消泡剂使用等方面进行研究的基础上,进一步研究利用高镁磷尾矿制备磷镁二元复合肥料.在硫酸酸解高镁磷尾矿的工艺条件下,反应后分离液固两相,在过滤的滤液中加入适量的氧化镁粉和磷酸,烘干后得到的白色结晶状物质,即是研究的目标产物.     

短切玄武岩纤维对磷酸镁水泥砂浆性能的影响

采用固定水胶比和固定流动度两种方案进行对比试验,研究了不同掺量的玄武岩纤维对复合磷酸镁水泥(MPC)砂浆流动度和力学性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了微观形貌.结果表明:在固定水胶比的情况下,随着玄武岩纤维掺量的增加,MPC砂浆的流动度降低,但力学性能有所提高,且掺量为3.5 kg/m3时,力学性能最优,...     

隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩稳定性的数值模拟研究

为分析隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩稳定性的影响,本文以辽宁某在建隧道为工程背景,采用MIDAS/GTS NX有限元数值模拟方法对不同溶洞跨度、不同隧道与溶洞之间距离进行数值模拟研究,分析了不同工况下隧道的拱顶、拱底、边墙的位移变化情况,并对隧道周围岩体的拉压应力分布进行了分析.结果表明:隧道拱顶沉降位移、拱底隆起位移、左边墙收敛...