Multiresponse Optimization Minimizes Salt in Natural Cucumber Fermentation and Storage

Response surface methodology was used during natural cucumber fermentation and storage to quantitatively determine effects of NaCl (0–10%), CaCl₂ (0–0.4%) and potassium sorbate (0–0.4%) on brine pH, cucumber texture and microbial (yeast/mold) contamination. Multiresponse optimization methods (conventional and improved graphical methods, extended response surface procedure and desirability function approach) were employed to minimize use of NaCl. Cucumbers fermented and stored in brines containing ～3% NaCl, 0.28% CaCl, and 0.3% potassium sorbate were predicted to exhibit vigorous fermentation, be free of yeast/mold contamination, and maintain good firmness after 6 mo storage. Predicted results were experimentally confirmed.     

东北泡菜中抑菌微生物的分离筛选及鉴定

实验的目的是分离延边泡菜中具有抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的微生物。采用稀释涂布的方法分离泡菜中微生物,挑选110株拟似乳酸菌的菌落,采用管碟法筛选具有抑菌能力的乳酸菌,通过菌落的培养特征、革兰氏染色实验和过氧化氢酶反应实验、生理生化(糖发酵实验)及16SrRNA基因鉴定,结果为62株抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的乳酸菌中11株为植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum;51株为Lactobacillus acidophilus。91株抑制大肠杆菌的乳酸菌中72株为植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum;19株为Lactobacillus brevis。表明东北泡菜中乳酸菌具有抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的作用。     

扬州酱菜的历史、现状、工艺、技改和方向

文章主要综述了扬州酱菜的历史、扬州酱菜的现状、扬州酱菜的生产工艺、扬州酱菜的技术革新及产品开发应用方面的研究进展，并提出了扬州酱菜研究开发的新思路。     

Chemical Characteristics and Storage Stability of Pickled Garlic Prepared Using Different Processes

Three processes for preparing peeled pickled garlic were studied: (P) packing directly with an acidified brine, followed by pasteurization (90°C, 8 min); (B) blanching with hot water (90°C, 15 min) before packing, followed by a preservation treatment (pasteurization, preservatives + refrigeration); and (MB) same as B, except that microwave blanching was used (120g garlic cloves, 825W, 1.5 min). All products were microbiologically stable but fructans were hydrolyzed during storage at 27°C. A green pigment was also apparent in (P). Products from (B) or (MB) had better quality than that from (P). Most stable and best quality products resulted from the blanching treatments and water blanching resulted in the product with best color.     

生物防腐剂在低盐泡菜强化发酵工艺中的应用

研究了泡菜强化发酵的工艺以及泡菜的营养,结果表明,泡菜强化发酵的最佳条件为加盐量2%,发酵温度30℃,混菌强化发酵,菌种为肠膜明串珠菌Ls-5105和植物乳杆菌Lb-31010的比例为1:1,添加量为5%,Nisin添加量为150mg/kg,维生素强化量为20mg/kg VB1 20mg/kgVB6 100 mg/kgVC。发酵后的氨基酸比例符合人体需要的氨基酸模式,Nisin能抑制杂菌的生长和降低亚硝峰。     

酱腌菜存在质量问题的解决措施

主要从微生物污染、原料选择、产品褐变、成品包装等提出了酱腌菜产品普遍存在的质量问题。分析了其产生的原因并提出了解决措施。     

传统泡菜中乳酸菌的筛选鉴定及抗氧化特性分析

以传统发酵泡菜为样品,采用经典筛选法分离纯化得到两株乳酸菌,利用生理生化实验、分子生物学鉴定菌株,分析其产酸、耐酸能力,并评价细胞悬浮液和胞内提取物的抗氧化能力。结果表明,两株菌为发酵乳杆菌(Z2)、植物乳杆菌(Z5)。菌株Z5的产酸、耐酸性均高于Z2,产酸量达到1.393 g/L,在pH 2.0条件下可存活;以清除DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子以及还原能力为指标,两株菌细胞悬浮液的抗氧化活性能力均高于胞内提取物,其中Z2细胞悬浮液的抗氧化能力强于Z5。     

甜辣乳黄瓜的制作技术

酱腌菜是我国酿造工业的重要组成部分，甜辣乳黄瓜是其中的一种。本文介绍了甜辣乳黄瓜的制作方法，对其制作过程中的一些注意事项进行讨论。     

传统自然发酵四川泡菜生产及配方优化研究

实验是以植物性原料中所含有的乳酸菌进行发酵,以传统自然发酵的方式制作四川泡菜,在配料中选取关键调味料调制泡菜液,并设计不同浓度的关键调味料,通过正交实验选取3种不同浓度的最优配方进行泡菜发酵实验,并研究泡菜发酵过程中的品质变化。     

低盐泡菜中耐酸性乳酸菌的筛选''鉴定及特性研究

目的:筛选出具有潜在益生特性的乳酸菌菌株。方法:从含盐量≤6%的12份低盐泡菜中筛选出5株耐酸性乳酸菌,进行16S rDNA分子鉴定,并对其益生特性进行研究。结果:5株耐酸性乳酸菌分别为肠膜明串珠菌(Leuconostoc mesenteroides)J2、副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)N6、类植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillu paraplantarum)F8、食窦魏斯氏菌(Weissella cibaria)M1和食窦魏斯氏菌(Weissella cibaria)M12。其中,L.paracasei N6、W.cibaria M1和W.cibaria M12在pH 4.0培养基中相对生长率分别为84.23%,78.32%,76.29%,具有较强的耐酸能力;经pH 3.0胃液和pH 8.0肠液消化后,其存活率分别为79.26%,50.65%,53.37%,具有较强的耐受胃肠液能力;在0.3%胆盐中培养8 h后,其存活率均在30%以上,具有较强的耐胆盐能力;疏水率及自凝集率均在60%以上,具有较强的疏水及自凝集能力。结论:试验筛选得到3株具有益生特性的耐酸性乳酸菌菌株L.paracasei N6、W.cibaria M1和W.cibaria M12,可用于复合益生菌菌剂的研究。