对地震资料应用中几个常见问题的思考

地震技术在石油工业中已得到越来越广泛的应用。在地震资料的应用过程中,地质学家和地球物理学家经常会有相左的观点,不同的石油科技工作者对一些地震技术概念和方法也存在着不同程度的模糊认识,比如地震分辨率与构造成图精度、综合速度与速度的横向非均质性、波峰(波谷)与砂层的关系以及合成记录的制作和标定等问题,都影响了地震研究的深度和水平。本文力图用通俗的语言,站在应用的角度,从理论上对一些概念和技术进行探讨和澄清。     

场击穿式TVS时延特性的测量与分析

触发真空开关(TVS)是脉冲功率技术中的重要控制元件,为满足对TVS时延及可靠性等提出的更高要求,研究了场击穿式TVS时延特性。时延分为触发时延和导通时延两部分,时延及其分散性主要受主间隙电压、触发能量和主电极极性配置等因素的影响。实验研究表明,极性配置对TVS时延特性有很大的影响,主间隙电压为正,TVS可靠性高且存在一个稳定工作区域,在这个稳定工作区内,主间隙电压对其触发时延影响不大,且触发能量增大能改善TVS时延特性。     

Optimal interval of periodic polarity reversal under automated control for maximizing hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis cells

Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are a promising approach for producing hydrogen gas from low-grade substrates with low energy consumption. However, pH increase in a cathode due to proton reduction and thus the need for buffering this pH increase remains a challenge for MEC operation. In this study, a previously reported operational strategy for pH buffer - periodic polarity reversal (PPR) was further studied by developing and applying an automatically control system. The effect of PPR interval on the hydrogen production was investigated and the optimal PPR interval was determined. With an optimal PPR interval of 40 min, the MEC had a significantly low pH increase rate of 0.0085 min^?1 in its cathodes, and this resulted in the highest current density of 1.58 ± 0.02 A m^?2, Coulombic efficiency of 130.3 ± 1.8%, hydrogen production rate of 1.65 ± 0.01 m³ H₂ m^?3d^?1, overall hydrogen recovery of 75.9 ± 0.4%, and energy efficiency relative to the substrate input of 140.8 ± 1.4%. Further analysis suggested that this optimal value of PPR interval was affected by both reaction time and hydrogen supply. When the PPR interval increased from 10 min to 40 min, a longer reaction time helped produce more protons and thus generated a stronger buffer capacity. Beyond 40 min, the mass transfer of the dissolved hydrogen gas could become a limiting factor, leading to a weaker buffer capacity with a longer PPR interval. Those findings have provided an effective pH control strategy with a convenient control system for maximizing hydrogen production in MECs.     

微机型主变差动保护调试中若干问题的探讨

差动保护是变压器运行中的关键保护，目前实际应用中大多数为微机型，重点讨论了几套不同装置的理论归算原理，并结合现场调试情况，介绍了一些装置的特点及调试时应注意的事项。     

应用射影变换解决透视反求问题

本文应用射影变换中正交配极对应原理,为解决透视反求问题提出了简便的作图方法。     

Polarity correspondence: A general principle for performance of speeded binary classification tasks.

Differences in performance with various stimulus-response mappings are among the most prevalent findings for binary choice reaction tasks. The authors show that perceptual or conceptual similarity is not necessary to obtain mapping effects; a type of structural similarity is sufficient. Specifically, stimulus and response alternatives are coded as positive and negative polarity along several dimensions, and polarity correspondence is sufficient to produce mapping effects. The authors make the case for this polarity correspondence principle using the literature on word-picture verification and then provide evidence that polarity correspondence is a determinant of mapping effects in orthogonal stimulus-response compatibility, numerical judgment, and implicit association tasks. The authors conclude by discussing implications of this principle for interpretation of results from binary choice tasks and future model development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

负反馈放大器反馈类型及其判断

电子电路中,负反馈现象普遍存在,负反馈是模拟电子技术中的一个重要知识点,也是难以掌握的知识点.对反馈概念、反馈极性、反馈类型进行了讨论,归纳了反馈极性与反馈类型在分立元件电路和集成电路中的判断方法.     

脂肪烃类化合物气相色谱保留指数的预测

为了能更好地揭示脂肪烃的气相色谱保留指数与结构的关系,通过对412个脂肪烃类化合物在不同固定相、不同柱温下的1742个样本集的气相色谱保留指数值(RI)与其部分参数相关性的研究,发现RI与拓扑指数(mQ)、分子杂化状态指数(MHSI)、碳原子数(N)、固定液极性(CP)及柱温(T)的关系可表示为:RI=46．6537 15．83520Q 6．02101Q 49．9215MHSI- 62．4378N 2．2836CP 0．6159T(R=0．9954)此式不仅在一定程度上阐明了脂肪烃类化合物RI与其分子结构信息、固定液极性及柱温之间的关系,同时也提供了一种预测脂肪烃类化合物在各种色谱分离条件(不同固定相、不同温度)下RI的新方法。继以留一法(leave-one-out,LOO)进行交互检验,相关系数RLOO=0．9953,说明所建模型具有良好的稳定性和预测能力,较好地揭示了脂肪烃类化合物在不同固定相、不同柱温下气相色谱保留指数的变化规律。     

蓝宝石衬底上原子级光滑AlN外延层的MOCVD生长

在蓝宝石衬底表面无氮化、低Ⅴ/Ⅲ比的情况下,采用1200℃的衬底温度、5kPa反应室气压,用MOCVD方法在蓝宝石衬底上生长出了表面原子级光滑的AlN外延层.原子力显微镜测试表明其平均粗糙度为0.44nm,X射线衍射(0002)回摆曲线FWHM为166".实验结果和分析表明,极性和气相反应是影响AlN表面形貌的主要原因.以原子级光滑的AlN为模板生长出了高质量的高Al组分的n型AlGaN,证实了AlN模板具有较好的质量.