软段对氨基磺酸盐型高固含量聚氨酯分散体性能的影响

以N-(2-氨基乙基)-2-氨基乙烷磺酸钠(AAS-Na)为亲水单体,以不同结构的多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)和乙二胺(EDA)等为原料,采用丙酮法合成了固含量为50%的磺酸盐基聚氨酯分散体(PUD)。研究结果表明:PUD的ζ电位均低于-30mV,平均粒径在230～290nm之间,黏度均低于800mPa·s,呈现假塑性流体的特征;PUD胶膜的吸水率均低于10%,具有良好的耐水性能;PUD胶膜的结晶行为和力学性能受软段影响较大,起始分解温度为275℃,具有良好的热稳定性,能满足一般场合的使用要求。     

鞋用水性PU胶的制备、检测及使用

系统地介绍了鞋用水性聚氨酯(PU)胶的制备和检测方法，针对使用中的常见问题制定了对策，并分析了PU胶的质量、技术上的不足和这方面的研究进展。     

稀土掺杂聚氨酯光固化涂层光转换膜的制备及性能

以PET、PVC薄膜为基底，削备掺杂稀土络合物的聚氨酯光转换膜。讨论了配体与稀土离子之间的能量转移作用。结果表明，聚合物涂层对透过率基本没有影响，而涂层厚度对荧光强度的影响逐渐趋缓。荧光强度随固化时间增加先增强后减弱，在20min时达到最大值。随着丙烯酸铕浓度的增加，荧光强度随掺杂浓度增加而增加，达到4％时出现了浓度淬灭现象，随后有所减小。掺杂后的聚氯酯膜热稳定性有所增强．利用显微镜和扫描电镜观察了复合膜的均匀性。     

扩链剂对IPDI基透明聚氨酯弹性体的影响

采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和不同结构的扩链剂、多元醇合成了透明聚氨酯弹性体，通过DSC、TG、WAXD等研究了聚氨酯弹性体的形态结构和力学性能、热稳定性及光学透明性。结果表明，扩链剂结构对聚氨酯弹性体形态结构和力学性能、热稳定性及光学透明性有很大影响。降低扩链剂长度有利于微晶的长大、微相分离程度及力学性能的提高；增加扩链剂用量，聚氨酯弹性体的微相分离程度、微晶尺寸、力学性能及热稳定性能提高；硬段含量对聚氨酯弹性体光学透明性的影响不明显。     

基于甘蔗渣的生物降解材料研究(Ⅰ)甘蔗渣的液化反应和聚醚酯多元醇的制备

通过对甘蔗渣液化反应的研究。以探索一种甘蔗渣新的利用方法。在以硫酸为催化剂的条件下讨论了液化试剂，液固比及反应温度等因素对甘蔗渣液化反应的影响。结果表明，甘蔗渣在PEG#400中的液化率可达到96%，而且其中的木质素全部被液化，所得液化物为聚醚酯多元醇，羟值为280mgKOH/g-380mgKOH/g，能满足中强度硬质聚氨酯泡沫的要求。     

Reflective mode of HPDLC with various structures of polyurethane acrylates

Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals were prepared from photo-curable polyurethane acrylate of various structures and a nematic liquid crystal mixture upon curing the reactive diluents and hydroxy ethyl acrylate terminated (HEA) polyurethane prepolymers.The effects of prepolymer molecular structure were studied in terms of reflection efficiency, polymer volume shrinkage and electro-optic properties. Emphases have been made to improve the reflection efficiency and shrinkage of holographic grating during fabrications by modifying soft segment length and hard segment structures of the prepolymer. It was found that polyurethanes with short soft segment and flexible hard segment gave high reflection efficiency and volume shrinkage as well.     

低VOC纯丙乳液及乳胶涂料的合成与配制

采用种子乳液聚合工艺合成纯丙乳液,并以其为成膜物质配制低VOC乳胶涂料。实验结果表明,选用种子乳液聚合工艺合成的乳液粒径小,分布均匀,且具有很好的低温成膜性和冻融稳定性;引入功能性单体甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)可提高涂膜的硬度和耐擦洗性能。此外,在配制乳胶涂料时,不添加成膜助剂和防冻剂,选用不含VOC的高效助剂,制得的涂料VOC含量仅为0.3g/L,且具有优异的综合性能,符合低VOC乳胶涂料的要求。     

AM/SA反相微乳液聚合反应动力学研究

以油酸失水山梨醇酯Span80和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚OP-10为乳化剂，白油为连续介质，高活性过氧化二碳酸（2-乙基已基）酯（EHP）为引发剂，进行了丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸钠（AM/SA）反相微乳液共聚合反应。研究了单体总浓度[M]，引发剂浓度[I]，乳化剂浓度[E]对AM/SA反相微乳液聚合速率Rp和共聚物分子量M^-v的影响规律，得到Rp∞[M]^m[I]^0.65[E]^0.34,M^-v∞[M]^n[I]^-0.30[E]^-1.08，其中当[M]=3.21mol/L-6.42mol/L时，m=2.34,n=0.68，当[M]=1.28mol/L-3.33mol/L时，m=1.61,n=0.58,比较了不同单体浓度范围内AM/SA反相微乳液聚合速率。     

Synthesis and rapid expansion in supercritical carbon dioxide through porous sintered metal plate of poly(1,1,2,2‐tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate)

Poly(1,1,2,2‐tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate) [poly(TA‐N)] was synthesized in dry benzene using AIBN as an initiator at 60°C. The effects of the monomer concentration (C_m), initiator concentration (C_i), and reaction time on the polymerization were investigated. The results of DSC and TGA showed that when the C_i remains constant, the higher the C_m value is, the better the thermal character for the product in the range of experiments. When the reaction was conducted for 30 h, polymerization is almost completed. The C_i should remain lower than 0.25 g/100 g monomer when the C_m is lower than 15 g/L. When the C_m is higher than 15 g/L, the C_i should be increased slightly. When the C_m remains constant, it was observed that an increase in the C_i increases the yield (mass of polymer after reaction/mass of monomer before reaction). On the other hand, the melting (T_m) and decomposition (T_d) temperatures of the reaction product decrease, except when the C_m reaches 20 g/L and the reaction time is 30 h. High purity CO₂ was continuously pumped using a high pressure syringe pump. Rapid expansion of poly(TA‐N) in supercritical CO₂ happened under control through a porous sintered metal plate. The poly(TA‐N) morphology was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. An amorphous polymer was formed at a preexpansion temperature of 45°C. Fibers were formed at temperatures of around 60–80°C. An increase of the temperature slightly increases the particle size. At 105°C, most of the particles are spheres and dendrites. The corresponding CO₂ flow rate upon expansion was 2.5–5.0 ± 0.3 L/min (STP) and the pressure drop was 2 MPa. At the higher CO₂ flow rate, the spheres and dendrites became smaller. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2763–2768, 2003     

有机硅—丙烯酸酯共聚乳液的合成

本文详细地讨论了有机硅──丙烯酸酯乳液共聚物的合成工艺条件，以及改变这些工艺条件对于聚合过程及产物性能的影响。并用红外光谱和动态力学谱证明了共聚结构的存在。结果表明：有机硅—丙烯酸酯共聚物的耐热、耐寒及耐水性均有一定程度的提高。