H_5N_1亚型禽流感病毒血凝素基因的克隆及分子进化分析

目的　克隆H5N1 亚型禽流感病毒HA基因并进行分子进化分析。方法　应用RT PCR方法 ,以 2株H5N1 亚型禽流感病毒RNA为模板 ,扩增了HA全基因cDNA。将HAcDNA基因克隆于pUCm T载体 ,并对其进行了测序。结果　所克隆的HA基因全长为 1731bp ,共编码 5 6 8个氨基酸。将该毒株与其它 10株H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因序列核苷酸及氨基酸进行比较 ,其核苷酸同源性在 80 5 %～ 99 2 %之间 ,氨基酸序列同源性在 89 4 %～98 6 %之间。高致病性毒株HA基因裂解位点存在多个碱性氨基酸插入。结论　为禽流感基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础 ,同时通过分子进化分析也揭示了各毒株间的亲缘关系。     

Functional chemical modification of a porcine acellular dermal matrix with a modified naturally derived polysaccharide crosslinker

Antibacterial and physicochemical properties are generally considered important features of the porcine acellular dermal matrix (pADM). Oxidized 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (OHTCC) was applied to crosslink with pADM at dosages of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16%. The properties of the crosslinked pADM (OHTCC-pADM) were evaluated. DSC and TG analysis suggested that crosslinking could promote the thermal stability, the highest T_d, and T_max of OHTCC-pADM (8%) was 80 °C and 325 °C, which has been improved by 15 °C and 13 °C, respectively. While FTIR and AFM tests indicated that the structure integrity of collagen could still be maintained. SEM tests demonstrated the sustained three-dimensional architecture of OHTCC-pADM with appropriate porosity. Moreover, OHTCC-pADM exhibited improved ability to resist collagenase degradation, the degradation rate of 4%-, 8%-OHTCC-pADM was <50%. The tensile strength of OHTCC-pADM proved to be superior compared to pADM. Furthermore, 8%-OHTCC-pADM exhibited nearly 90% antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide study showed that the cytocompatibility of OHTCC-pADM decreased with the increasing the amount of OHTCC, but all relative proliferation rates were above 80%. In conclusion, our study revealed that OHTCC stabilized and functionalized pADM while preserving good cytocompatibility. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47633.     

丙型肝炎病毒F蛋白在病毒复制和致病中的作用

丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C virus,HCV)属于黄病毒科,是有包膜的单正链RNA病毒.HCV基因组约有9 600个碱基,编码的单一开放读码框(Open reading frame,ORF)翻译出约3 000个氨基酸残基的多聚蛋白前体,在宿主细胞及病毒蛋白酶的作用下,剪切成至少10种结构蛋白和非结构蛋白.近...     

38例甲型H1N1流感患者病毒核酸阴转时限的观察

目的观察甲型H1N1流感患者病毒核酸阴转时限。方法选择2009年9月16～27日我院收治的甲型H1N1流感确诊病例38例,经同一名医生进行咽拭子采集,采用RT-PCR方法检测甲型通用、甲1通用、季节性流感、甲型H1N1亚型4个病毒亚型,以甲型通用、甲1通用、甲型H1N1亚型均阴转作为判定病毒核酸阴转的标准。结果 38例甲型H1N1流感患者病毒核酸阴转的时限最短1 d,最长14 d,平均4.5 d;病毒核酸阴转时间主要集中在第3、4、5天,第5天与第4天相比,甲型通用、甲1通用和甲型H1N1的阴转比例均明显增加(P<0.05);发病36 h内接受抗病毒治疗者,病毒核酸阴转平均时间为4.1 d;37～72 h接受抗病毒治疗者,病毒核酸阴转平均时间为5.2 d;有3例甲型通用、甲1通用、甲型H1N1亚型病毒核酸未同时阴转。结论甲型H1N1流感抗病毒治疗1周,大部分患者病毒核酸阴转,不具有传染性;尽早(36 h内)接受抗病毒治疗,可以缩短病毒核酸阴转时间;甲型通用、甲1通用、甲型H1N1亚型具有较好的一致性,对三者未同时阴转的情况,应注意是否同时合并其他甲型流感病毒亚型感染。     

狂犬病病毒抗体竞争ELISA检测方法的建立及初步应用

目的建立狂犬病病毒抗体竞争ELISA检测方法,用于不同株狂犬病疫苗免疫后抗体水平的检测。方法用市售的不同狂犬病疫苗株抗原免疫NIH小鼠,制备免疫血清,用不同的疫苗株抗原包被酶标板,分别测定小鼠血清抗体效价,并通过不同株抗原抗体的交叉中和实验,分析抗原的差异性;在此基础上,将不同毒株抗原按不同比例混合包被酶标板,分别测定阳性血清样本,并与快速免疫荧光抑制试验(RFFIT)检测结果比较,确定包被抗原模式,建立狂犬病病毒抗体竞争ELISA检测方法,绘制标准曲线,确定最佳定量范围及灵敏度,确定Cut-off值;并对其特异性、精密性、准确性及稳定性进行验证;用建立的方法与其他市售狂犬病病毒抗体检测试剂分别检测血清样品,分析检测结果的一致性及相关性。结果狂犬病病毒抗原AG∶CTN-1=4∶1为最适包被抗原模式,试剂经优化后,检测抗体效价范围在535.00～33.44 mIU/ml之间,具有良好的线性关系(r>0.99),最低检出限为8.36 mIU/ml,Cut-off值为0.735 mIU。该方法检测人血清白蛋白、破伤风阳性血清、乙肝表面抗原阳性血清、白喉阳性质控血清均未发生反应;试验内变异系数在6.68%～7.84%之间;回收率在97.25%～104.50%之间;试剂置37℃3 d,与4℃保存试剂测定结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。该方法检测血清样品与市售狂犬病病毒抗体检测试剂比较,均具有良好的一致性;与RFFIT测定结果比较,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),回归方程为Y=-0.475+3.246 X,相关系数为0.801。结论已建立了狂犬病病毒抗体竞争ELISA检测方法,可用于大规模狂犬病病毒抗体的筛查。     

MicroRNAs miR-27a and miR-143 Regulate Porcine Adipocyte Lipid Metabolism

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that play roles in regulating gene expression. Some miRNAs have been classed as epigenetic regulators of metabolism and energy homeostasis. Previous reports indicated that the miRNAs miR-27a and miR-143 were involved in lipid metabolism in human and rodents. To determine the roles of porcine miR-27a and miR-143 in adipocyte lipid metabolism, porcine adipocytes were cultured and allowed to induce differentiation for 10 days. The lipid-filled adipocytes were then transfected with miRNA mimics and inhibitors. We measured how the indicators of adipogenesis and adipolysis in porcine adipocytes were affected by the over-expression and by the inhibition of both miR-27a and miR-143. The results indicated that the over-expression of miR-27a could accelerate adipolysis releasing significantly more glycerol and free fatty acids than the negative control (P < 0.001), while the mimic of miR-143 expression, promoted adipogenesis by accumulating more triglycerides (P < 0.001) in the adipocytes. In addition, we demonstrated that there was good correlation (r > 0.98, P < 0.001) between the indicators of adipolysis in cell lysates and in the culture medium.     

Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of novel thiourea containing chiral phosphonate on tobacco mosaic virus

Using half-leaf method O,O'-diisopropyl (3-(L-1-(benzylamino)-1-oxo-3- phenylpropan-2-yl)thioureido)(phenyl)methyl phosphonate (2009104) was studied for its activity on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). It showed good curative activity in vivo and the curative activity at 500 μg/mL was found to be 53.3%. In vivo treatment with the control agent Ningnanmycin at 500 μg/mL resulted in 51.2% inhibition and curative inhibition rates respectively. Dot-ELISA test was employed to verify the efficacy of activity of compound 200910 for anti-TMV activity. The mechanism of action of compound 2009104 to resist TMV was also studied. The results showed that the resistance enzymes PAL, POD, SOD activity and chlorophyll content after TMV inoculation K(326) (Nicotiana tabacum K(326)) of tobacco plants followed by treatment with compound 2009104 were significantly enhanced. The study of the effect of compound 2009104 on TMV capsid protein (CP) showed that it inhibited the polymerization process of TMV-CP in vitro.     

离子对反相高效液相色谱法测定猪硫酸软骨素的含量

目的：采用离子对反相高效液相色谱法测定猪硫酸软骨素的含量。方法：采用Inertsit-ODS-SP色谱柱（4.6×150 mm,5μm）,流动相：乙腈—0.006 mol.L-1辛烷基磺酸钠溶液（15：85）,磷酸调pH至3.5,流速：0.8 mL.min-1,测定波长：195 nm,进样量：20μL。结果：该方法在质...     

重组丙型肝炎病毒腺病毒载体疫苗rAd/E2的构建及鉴定

目的构建含丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C virus,HCV)E2基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒载体疫苗,并进行鉴定。方法以含HCV(1a亚型)E2基因的质粒pEGFP-HCV/E1E2为模板,PCR扩增E2基因,扩增产物与pGEM-T载体连接,测序正确后双酶切亚克隆至穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV上,构建重组穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV/E2,Pme I酶切线性化后,与骨架质粒pAdEasy-1在BJ5183细菌内同源重组,获得重组腺病毒质粒pAd/E2,PacⅠ酶切线性化后,脂质体LipofectamineTM 2000介导转染HEK293细胞进行包装,获得重组腺病毒rAd/E2,在HEK293细胞内扩增,利用报告基因GFP的表达监测病毒包装及感染效率,PCR、RT-PCR和Western blot对重组腺病毒进行鉴定,并测定各代病毒的滴度。结果测序结果证明HCV E2基因序列正确;重组腺病毒质粒pAd/E2经酶切证明重组成功;PCR、RT-PCR及Western blot结果均证实重组腺病毒rAd/E2构建正确;第4代重组腺病毒的滴度为7.5×108 pfu/ml。结论已成功构建了重组HCV腺病毒rAd/E2,为丙型肝炎疫苗的研制提供了新的途径。     

三维流感病毒免疫模型研究

随着人类社会的发展,人类对于自身健康的研究越来越深入,人工免疫系统也成为了生物信息研究领域的热点.传统的动物实验虽趋于完善,却也出现了研究技术上的难关,研究员们无法通过传统的实验室环境模拟数量化的人体体内环境,更无法用人类活体做实验.这样,就产生了二维的免疫计算机模型,但也并没有完全贴切人体环境的要求.因此,我们利用Java 3D计算机三维模型以及计算机仿真方式来搭建类似于体内真实环境的人体免疫计算机模型,这可以使得人工免疫系统模型更加完善.与培养皿方式的实验相比,计算机模型的实验方式可以用于研究免疫系统智能性,对研究设计新的人工免疫系统方法很有意义.而且计算机模型具有准确性高、误报率低和稳定性好等优点.本文利用Java 3D技术,通过细胞之间的相互作用,加入对流感病毒免疫应答的仿真,结合免疫细胞的参数,模拟临床实验,期望得到一些规律性的结果.