辐照技术在猪肉加工制品中的应用

详细阐述了辐照技术对猪肉加工制品的感官和成品中的蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物等成分的影响.并对辐照技术在猪肉加工制品中,延长保存期和安全性等关键作用方面做了论述.用10kGy以下辐照剂量处理过的食品,其风味、色泽,内部的蛋白质、脂肪和维生素等基本保持稳定,同时可以有效地延长猪肉加工制品的保存期.     

生姜、洋葱、丁香提取物对猪肉的保鲜效果

以蒸馏水处理的猪肉为对照,研究生姜、洋葱、丁香提取物及其等体积混合制成的混合液以及化学防腐剂2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚对猪肉保鲜效果的影响.用体积分数95％的乙醇浸提其中的有效成分,冷却猪肉分别在各组保鲜液中浸泡4 min,沥干后用聚乙烯保鲜袋密封包装,最后在4℃冰箱冷藏12d,每3d测定1次感官评分、汁液流失率、...     

火锅虾滑肠加工工艺研究

研究一种火锅虾滑肠的制作过程及工艺.通过单因素试验确定了影响火锅虾滑肠品质的主要因素及最佳水平范围.通过正交试验确定了主要影响因素的最佳配比:新鲜虾肉添加量为40％、金线鱼鱼糜添加量为14％、木薯变性淀粉添加量为2％、斩拌时间为6min,在此添加量及工艺条件下,生产出的产品经火锅水煮,结构及风味表现最佳.     

发酵香肠发酵过程中菌落总数数学模型的建立

用SAS9．0中的响应曲面试验设计,研究了盐浓度、水分活度、发酵温度、发酵时间和糖浓度等环境因子对发酵香肠发酵过程中细菌总数变化的影响,建立科学的数学模型,此数学模型能够表达发酵香肠发酵过程中细菌总数的变化趋势。用建立的数学模型对发酵过程中的微生物进行了预测,结果可靠。细菌总数与实验测定数据进行比较,平均误差范围是-10．20％～8．43％。此数学模型为发酵香肠发酵过程的控制,提高发酵肉制品的安全性,缩短生产周期提供了依据,也是微生物预报的重要基础。     

西红柿复合灌肠加工工艺

把西红柿作为蔬菜原料,采用传统配料和现代工艺相结合制成西红柿风味灌肠,既可降低成本,又可强化营养。通过正交试验得到产品的最佳配比,并提出了其质量指标。试验表明：最佳用量分别为肥瘦肉比1：4、西红柿的添加量为17％、淀粉的添加量为8％。添加了西红柿的灌肠,不仅有良好的风味口感,而且改善了营养组成,为蔬菜深加工提供了另一途径。     

发酵香肠安全性的研究进展

本文着重介绍了发酵香肠中沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、李斯特氏菌和生物胺对健康的危害以及将这些危害降到最低程度的措施.此外,对预测微生物学在发酵香肠安全中的应用作了讨论.     

发酵金针菇香肠的研究

采用正交设计方法,将液态深层发酵获得的金针菇菌丝体发酵液与传统香肠生产主要原料适当配比制作香肠,通过对组织形态、口感风味、香味、色泽等感官指标评定,得出最佳配方为金针菇发酵液添加量为25%,肥瘦比3∶7(100kg肉计),食盐2%,白糖1.5%及其他辅料。     

Evaluation of various salt levels and different dairy proteins in combination with microbial transglutaminase on the quality characteristics of restructured pork ham

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of restructured pork hams (RH) manufactured with various salt levels (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) and different dairy proteins (sodium caseinate, SC and whey protein isolate, WPI; 1.0%) in combination with microbial transglutaminase (MTGase; 0.3%). Reduced‐salt (0.5% and 1.0%) RH resulted in reductions of moisture contents (%), textural springiness, cooking yield and most sensory preferences (P < 0.05). When dairy proteins in combination with MTGase were incorporated into the manufacture of RH, SC with MTGase was shown to reduce cooking loss (CL, %) and to increase the textural springiness and chewiness of RH, whereas WPI with MTGase increased textural springiness and chewiness, as well as the shear value of RH (P < 0.05). On the contrary, MTGase with dairy proteins improved the sensory preferences of reduced‐salt (1.0%) RH to give it similar sensory properties to those of the regular‐salt (1.5%) RH controls (CTL) (P > 0.05). The findings of this study demonstrated that the combination of 1.0% dairy proteins and 0.3% MTGase could affect improvements in the functional, textural and sensory properties of reduced‐salt (1.0%) RH.     

一种火腿肠用膏状香精的制备

结合香精调配技术和美拉德反应,通过单因素考察及正交试验,优化原料配比、工艺条件等各种影响因素,制备一种肉香浓郁、留香持久且稳定性好的火腿肠用膏状香精。研究结果表明,美拉德反应的最佳物料配比为：葡萄糖2．5g,DL-蛋氨酸1．5g,L-半胱氨酸1．0g;最佳工艺条件为：反应时间90min,反应温度103℃。     

Characteristics of High- and Low-Fat Bologna Sausages as Affected by Final Internal Cooking Temperature and Chilling Storage

A study was made of the effect that final internal processing temperature (63, 70 and 78°C) and chilling storage (2°C) exerted on the characteristics (cooking loss, purge loss, colour, Instron texture profile analysis) of high-fat (242 g kg⁻¹) and low-fat (100 g kg⁻¹) bologna sausage. High-fat sausages were harder and chewier than low-fat sausages. Lower fat contents were accompanied by a significant reduction in the cooking loss and purge loss. Binding properties were not affected ( P> 0·05) by final internal cooking temperature. In general, Hunter colour parameter a values were higher in low-fat samples subjected to a high final internal cooking temperature than in those cooked up to only 63°C. High internal temperatures produced harder meat emulsions, an effect which was more pronounced in high-fat than in low-fat sausages. Cohesiveness and springiness of sausages was not affected ( P> 0·05) by heat treatment. There were no major variations in textural parameters as a result of chilled storage.