Isolation,Expression, and Characterization of a Hydroperoxide Lyase Gene from Cucumber

A full-length cDNA coding for hydroperoxide lyase (CsHPL) was isolated from cucumber fruits of No. 26 (Southern China type) and No.14-1 (Northern China type), which differed significantly in fruit flavor. The deduced amino acid sequences of CsHPL from both lines show the same and significant similarity to known plant HPLs and contain typical conserved domains of HPLs. The recombinant CsHPL was confirmed to have 9/13-HPL enzymatic activity. Gene expression levels of CsHPL were measured in different organs, especially in fruits of different development stages of both lines. The HPL activities of fruit were identified basing on the catalytic action of crude enzyme extracts incubating with 13-HPOD (13-hydroperoxy-(9Z,12E)-octadecadienoic acid) and 13-HPOD + 9-HPOD (9-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid), and volatile reaction products were analyzed by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). CsHPL gene expression in No. 26 fruit occurred earlier than that of total HPL enzyme activity and 13-HPL enzyme activity, and that in No. 14-1 fruit was consistent with total HPL enzyme activity and 9-HPL enzyme activity. 13-HPL enzyme activities decreased significantly and the 9-HPL enzyme activities increased significantly with fruit ripening in both lines, which accounted for the higher content of C6 aldehydes at 0–6 day post-anthesis (dpa) and higher content of C9 aldehydes at 9–12 dpa.     

4-氨基-3-肼基-5-巯基-1,2,4-三唑的合成及其对醛的检验

以硫脲和水合肼合成了可用于检验醛的试剂——4-氨基-3-肼基-5-巯基-1，2，4-三唑(别名：紫醛)，其结构通过红外光谱、核磁进行了确定。试验表明，紫醛对醛的检验敏感、专一、快速、操作简单。     

乙醛肟合成方法的改进

改进了乙醛肟的合成工艺。以盐酸羟胺为原料,滴加乙醛,反应1h后,调节pH值,然后加入自制强酸弱碱盐进行中和,将反应产物蒸馏得到乙醛肟。当盐酸羟胺和乙醛的摩尔比为1∶1 05～1 07、盐酸羟胺和水质量比为1∶1～1∶1 2、反应温度控制在10±2℃、反应体系的pH值控制在6～6 5时,乙醛肟的收率和纯度分别为94 1%和96 2%。     

酚醛改性胺环氧树脂固化剂研究进展

介绍了酚、醛改性胺类固化剂的合成反应原理、工艺路线、合成方法以及酚醛改性胺类固化剂产品型号、标准和技术指标方面存在的问题，建议尽快规范统一的标准。详细介绍了近年来该类固化剂的研究已从单纯的苯酚、甲醛对各种胺的改性。向着由多元化的酚、醛对各种胺进行改性的方向发展。描述了这类固化剂的主要品种及其优缺点并对市场前景进行了预测和展望。     

Immobilized Co/Rh Heterobimetallic Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Pauson–Khand‐Type Reaction

Co/Rh heterobimetallic nanoparticles were prepared from cobalt‐rhodium carbonyl clusters [Co₂Rh₂(CO)₁₂ and Co₃Rh(CO)₁₂] and immobilized on charcoal. HR‐TEM revealed that the size of the heterobimetallic nanoparticles was ca. 2 nm and ICP‐AES analysis showed a 2 : 2 and a 3 : 1 cobalt‐rhodium stoichiometry (Co₂Rh₂ and Co₃Rh₁) in the heterobimetallic nanoparticles. The Co/Rh heterobimetallic nanoparticles immobilized on charcoal were used as a catalyst in the Pauson–Khand‐type reaction under 1 atm of CO. The catalytic reactivity was highly dependent upon the ratio of Co : Rh with the highest reactivity being observed when the ratio was 2 : 2 (Co₂Rh₂). The Co₂Rh₂ immobilized catalyst is quite an effective catalyst for intra‐ and intermolecular Pauson–Khand‐type reactions. When the immobilized Co₂Rh₂ catalyst was used as a catalyst in the Pauson–Khand‐type reaction in the presence of an aldehyde instead of carbon monoxide, the catalytic system was highly efficient. When the reaction was carried out in the presence of chiral diphosphines, ee values up to 87% were observed. The catalytic system can be reused at least five times in the presence of chiral diphosphines without loss of catalytic activity and enantioselectivity. The addition of Hg(0), a known heterogeneous catalyst poison, completely inhibits further catalysis. Thus, an environmentally friendly and sustainable process was developed.     

5-硝基水杨醛的合成研究

以对硝基苯酚、乌洛托品、多聚甲醛等为原料合成5-硝基水杨醛,主要探讨了反应温度、时间、反应物用量及酸等因素对合成产率的影响。较优反应条件为：在对硝基苯酚为0.02 mol（2.78 g）的情况下,多聚甲醛用量为0.4 g,冰醋酸和乙酸酐分别为15 mL和8 mLn,（六亚甲基四胺）：n（对硝基苯酚）=2∶1,反应时间为4.0 h,反应温度为90℃,此时反应产率可达78.9%。产品经IR表征。     

SiO_2负载稀土杂多酸催化合成1,1-二乙酸酯

采用浸渍法制备了SiO2负载稀土杂多酸盐LaPMo12O40/SiO2,并用傅立叶变换红外和X-射线衍射等方法对其结构进行了表征;以LaPMo12O40/SiO2为催化剂,以一系列醛与乙酸酐为原料合成了1,1-二乙酸酯,研究了催化剂用量、反应时间、醛与乙酸酐摩尔比对收率的影响。结果表明,LaPMo12O40/SiO2具有Keggin型结构;在LaPMo12O40/Si O2用量为0.1 g、n（醛）∶n（乙酸酐）=1∶3、反应时间为10 min、室温无溶剂条件下,1,1-二乙酸酯的收率达到60.2%~90.45%。     

浅谈三种茴香油及工业生产方法

文章主要介绍了三种茴香油(即大茴香油、茴香油、小茴香油)的性质和用途，深加工产品情况及工业生产方法。并详细阐述了工业生产上在常压下用水蒸气蒸馏法来制取大茴香油的工艺过程、主要设备和生产步骤。文章最后对该产品的经济效益和发展前景进行了分析。     

离子液体在Knoevenagel缩合反应工艺中的研究与应用进展

Knoevenagel缩合反应被广泛应用于合成香料、化工原料及药物中间体。离子液体作为反应溶剂,能促使一系列醛、酮与活泼亚甲基化合物的Knoevenagel缩合反应顺利进行。功能化离子液体作为催化剂成功催化Knoevenagel缩合反应,避免了使用额外催化剂。离子液体被认为是环境友好的"绿色"溶剂和"可设计"溶剂,为Knoevenagel缩合反应提供了高效、环保的制备途径。该文综述了离子液体在Knoevenagel缩合反应中的应用进展。     

N-取代-3,5-二芳亚甲基-4-哌啶酮衍生物的合成与表征

为了研究一类高效低毒对耐药肿瘤有效的新型抗肿瘤先导化合物,以N-取代-4-哌啶酮和芳甲醛衍生物为原料,分别以氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液或干燥的氯化氢气体作催化剂,在10或20℃经过7～8h的羟醛缩合反应,TLC监测反应进程,最后经重结晶合成了3种标题化合物,收率达49%以上,并采用1HNMR、X-射线单晶衍射结合熔点对其结构进...