Development of a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Evaluating the Comprehensive Application of Herbaceous Peony at Low Latitudes

The growing region of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora) has been severely constrained due to the intensification of global warming and extreme weather events, especially at low latitudes. Assessing and selecting stress-tolerant and high-quality peony germplasm is essential for maintaining the normal growth and application of peonies under adverse conditions. This study proposed a modified multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model for assessing peonies adapted to low-latitude climates based on our previous study. This model is low-cost, timesaving and suitable for screening the adapted peony germplasm under hot and humid climates. The evaluation was conducted through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), three major criteria, including adaptability-related, ornamental feature-related and growth habits-related criteria, and eighteen sub-criteria were proposed and constructed in this study. The model was validated on fifteen herbaceous peonies cultivars from different latitudes. The results showed that ‘Meiju’, ‘Hang Baishao’, ‘Hongpan Tuojin’ and ‘Bo Baishao’ were assessed as Level I, which have strong growth adaptability and high ornamental values, and were recommended for promotion and application at low latitudes. The reliability and stability of the MCDM model were further confirmed by measuring the chlorophyll fluorescence of the selected adaptive cultivars ‘Meiju’ and ‘Hang Baishao’ and one maladaptive cultivar ‘Zhuguang’. This study could provide a reference for the introduction, breeding and application of perennials under everchanging unfavorable climatic conditions.     

Mucosal Adjuvants Delivered by a Mucoadhesive Patch for Sublingual Administration of Subunit Vaccines

Among mucosal administration routes for vaccines, the sublingual route has been proven capable of inducing a potent systemic and mucosal immune response. However, the absence of a simple and compliant delivery system and the lack of robust mucosal adjuvants impede the development of sublingual vaccines. Here, we describe a mucoadhesive patch made of a layer-by-layer assembly of polysaccharides, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid. The mucoadhesive patch was covered by adjuvanted nanoparticles carrying viral proteins. We showed that the nanoparticles effectively cross the outer layers of the sublingual mucosa to reach the epithelium. Furthermore, the encapsulated adjuvants, 3M-052 and mifamurtide, targeting toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 (NOD2), respectively, remain fully active after encapsulation into nanoparticles and exhibit a cytokine/chemokine signature similar to the mucosal gold-standard adjuvant, the cholera toxin. However, the particulate adjuvants induced more moderate levels of proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6 and keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), suggesting a controlled activation of the innate immune response.     

p27kip1 Modulates the Morphology and Phagocytic Activity of Microglia

p27^kip1 is a multifunctional protein that promotes cell cycle exit by blocking the activity of cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complexes as well as migration and motility via signaling pathways that converge on the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Despite the broad characterization of p27^kip1 function in neural cells, little is known about its relevance in microglia. Here, we studied the role of p27^kip1 in microglia using a combination of in vitro and in situ approaches. While the loss of p27^kip1 did not affect microglial density in the cerebral cortex, it altered their morphological complexity in situ. However, despite the presence of p27^kip1 in microglial processes, as shown by immunofluorescence in cultured cells, loss of p27^kip1 did not change microglial process motility and extension after applying laser-induced brain damage in cortical brain slices. Primary microglia lacking p27^kip1 showed increased phagocytic uptake of synaptosomes, while a cell cycle dead variant negatively affected phagocytosis. These findings indicate that p27^kip1 plays specific roles in microglia.     

风门对矿井火灾烟气流动特性影响的数值模拟研究

为了明确煤矿钻孔煤粉着火影响因素,以及各个因素在火灾防治中的重要性,结合山西保利平山煤矿2次钻孔着火事故,采用层次分析法对钻孔煤粉着火影响因素进行定性定量分析,确定各个影响因素在钻孔着火防治中所占权重。结果表明：施工人员应急处理、施工人员规范作业、监控监测、钻孔施工工艺等是防止钻孔着火的关键因素。同时,根据分析结果中的优先考虑因素,提出一系列防止钻孔煤粉着火的技术建议与治理技术措施,可为煤矿钻孔煤粉着火防治提供科学的理论依据,以进一步促进煤矿安全生产。

     

地质钻探垂钻定向纠偏控制的工程实现与实验分析

理论提出的纠偏方法需反复进行实验验证方可应用于实际工程,然而垂钻纠偏控制过程复杂,操作难度大,所需时间长、资金庞大,直接将所提方法放置现场调试是不可取的,而仅采用计算机仿真对算法进行验证也有一定局限性,因此发展和研究纠偏控制工程实现方法十分必要。本文以地质钻探钻进过程定向纠偏控制的工程实现为导向,首先分析并给出实际纠偏工艺过程以及纠偏控制的特点与目标;然后总结基于模型预测控制的纠偏控制问题与优化目标,结合笔者早期的一些纠偏控制理论研究,分别阐述不同纠偏工况下的纠偏控制方法;其次开发定向纠偏控制系统,用于集成纠偏控制算法,使得算法能够应用于实际工程;最后设计纠偏控制实验,以验证纠偏控制算法的工程适用性。实验表明,所提纠偏控制方法能够有效应用于实际纠偏过程,并应对和完成多种纠偏任务。     

真空成型压力参数对汽车用DF增强PES树脂材料力学性能的影响

在碳纤维 (DF) 内加入聚醚砜 (PES) 树脂法, 利用真空辅助成型 (VARI) 工艺制备得到改性复合材料, 研究真空成型压力参数对汽车用DF增强PES树脂材料力学性能和拉伸断面的影响。研究结果表明:相对于改性前的PES树脂材料拉伸强度, 经过0.1、0.25与0.5 MPa处理得到的改性复合材料在拉伸强度方面依次提升了17.36%、41.39%与29.54%;拉伸模量依次提升1.61%、19.35%与10.48%。相对于原始纤维, 经过改性形成了更加粗糙的表面结构, 使纤维与树脂可以发生更加紧密的结合, 经过改性的PES树脂材料形成的断口具有明显的韧性断裂特点。在0.25 MPa下得到的改性PES树脂材料形成了明显断口结构, 此时的试样获得了最优的拉伸强度与模量。     

纳米红色硒粉在乙二醇介质中的分散工艺研究

针对含纳米红色硒粉抗菌保健不锈钢餐具的开发问题,为制备高分散性和悬浮稳定性的纳米硒粉,本文在测定纳米硒粉在乙二醇介质中pH-zeta电位图的基础上,选用CTAB、PVP、PEG-2000和Span80四种表面活性剂,采用吸光度测试、沉降实验研究了纳米硒粉在乙二醇介质中的分散工艺及其悬浮稳定性,并探讨了不同表面活性剂的分散机理。结果表明,在最佳配比下的CTAB与具有空间位阻稳定机理PVP和PEG-2000的复合分散体系的分散效果明显好于单分散剂,其中,PVP与CTAB的复合分散比最佳单分散剂CTAB的分散效果提升了105%;推荐纳米硒粉在乙二醇中的分散工艺为:在pH=6、3%(质量比)CTAB+3%PVP复配分散,分散时间为10 min,该工艺下分散的纳米硒粒子静置60天的沉降率仅为0.7%。红外测试表明,CTAB在纳米硒粉表面为物理吸附,PVP、PEG-2000和Span80则为化学吸附。     

激光冲击强化设备控制系统

针对复杂曲面类零件,研发一种新型表面激光冲击强化的控制系统,该系统是一套全自动可控操作系统,通过工控机/PLC集成控制,实现自动化、数字化控制,并完成实时在线监控和信息交互反馈,属于开放式分布系统。该系统用于激光冲击强化核心设备(包括激光器、机器人、辅助控制、质量检测装置与辅助系统等),实现各环节的信息交互和系统的协同工作,通过实时监控系统,远程观察加工状态,有效避免重大事故的发生。同时,该控制系统添加激光冲击强化工艺试验数据记录功能,可根据实际需求调用后台工艺参数数据库,实现高效工艺参数优化。除此之外,该系统还能够实现激光冲击强化模型建立、加工过程有限元模拟、复杂曲面加工轨迹自动规划、加工策略制定等功能,从而实现激光冲击强化自动化生产,目前已经处于工程应用阶段。     

绿色发展理念下的煤矿环保法律法规及其完善

为了在绿色发展的科学理念下完善我国煤矿环保立法,采用法规检索与文本分析研究法,集中梳理了与煤矿环保相关的法律法规,结果发现存在理念滞后、法多难治、忽视特殊性等不足之处。建议树立“绿色”的立法理念、制定专门的煤矿环保法及加强相应的地方立法。     

顺层长钻孔超高压水力割缝增透技术研究与应用

为解决低渗透性中硬煤层顺层钻孔抽采半径影响范围较小、抽采效果较差等问题,研究了工作面顺层长钻孔超高压水力割缝技术。通过应力波效应研究了水射流破煤机理,分析了超高压水力割缝卸压增透原理,研制出工作压力达100 MPa的超高压水力割缝成套装置,实现了超高压状态下不退出钻杆的钻割一体化工艺和远程操作功能,考察了超高压水力割缝参数,形成了顺层钻孔超高压水力割缝工艺技术。现场试验得出：割缝钻孔平均单刀出煤量为0.32 t,等效割缝半径达1.51~2.08 m;割缝后钻孔瓦斯抽采浓度同比提高了1.44倍,瓦斯抽采纯流量提高了3倍,有效抽采半径为对比普通钻孔的3.6倍,钻孔施工时间缩短约30%,抽采达标时间缩短40%左右。应用表明,采用超高压水力割缝增透技术后,煤层的透气性明显改善,达到了快速卸压增透的目的。