废弃纤维再生混凝土受压徐变及预测模型

为研究再生粗骨料替代率、废弃纤维体积掺入量对废弃纤维再生混凝土受压徐变破坏时间、徐变变形和徐变度的影响规律,对普通混凝土、再生混凝土和废弃纤维再生混凝土试件在实验室条件下进行了85%、90%和95%应力水平的徐变试验。试验结果表明：随着再生粗骨料替代率的增加,徐变破坏的时间缩短、徐变变形及徐变度增大;随着废弃纤维体积掺入量的增加,徐变变形及徐变度减小,徐变破坏时间增加。废弃纤维的加入能有效缓解再生混凝土受压徐变的破坏程度。在考虑再生粗骨料替代率及废弃纤维体积掺入量的基础上,对ACI209R徐变预测模型进行修正,模型预测结果与试验值吻合较好。     

Flow and crystallization of saturated fatty acid methyl esters and their binary mixtures

Demand for biodiesel has increased due to being a more environmentally-friendly fuel. Cold weather operation of biodiesel is challenging due to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in biodiesel. Saturated FAMEs crystallize at relatively high temperatures, increase the viscosity of biodiesel, and can clog fuel lines. Here, several factors altered crystallization temperature (CT) of FAMEs, including composition, shear rate, and cooling rate. The crystallization of pure and binary mixtures of methyl palmitate, methyl myristate, and methyl stearate were studied under shear flow and static conditions. Static phase CTs of pure methyl palmitate, methyl myristate, and methyl stearate were 26, 14, and 35°C, respectively. In binary mixtures, CTs were depressed up to 7°C, which agreed with freezing point depression theory. Increasing shear rate up to 100 s⁻¹ decreased CT by 2°C compared to static conditions. Decreasing cooling rate from 1 to 0.1°C/min increased CT less than 2°C. Overall, FAME composition altered CT more than shear flow or cooling rate for pure and binary mixtures of three FAMEs.     

自密实再生混凝土工作及力学性能研究进展

自密实混凝土具有高流动性、抗离析性及较好的自密实性等特点,有利于提升工程质量及降低工程成本。将再生骨料应用于自密实混凝土中,可实现建筑废弃物的循环利用。为了确保自密实再生混凝土在工程应用过程中的可行性与安全性,还需在其工作性与力学性能等方面进行大量改性研究。基于自密实混凝土的流变密实机理,归纳总结了自密实混凝土的配合比设计原理,总结并评述了自密实再生混凝土的工作性能、力学性能的研究进展。最后,分析了自密实再生混凝土工作及力学性能研究所存在的问题,并对其前景进行展望,有助于推动自密实再生混凝土大规模地应用于实际工程中。     

普光气田含硫污水氯离子含量测试方法改进

主要研究了普光气田350 t/d的含硫回注污水中氯离子含量的测试方法。结合普光气田地层情况及回注污水的来水水质情况,分析前期污水中氯离子含量测试方法存在的不足,在莫尔法测定水中氯离子含量的基础上,为充分消除污水中硫离子对氯离子含量测试的影响,采用以沉淀性除硫剂作为前处理剂去除含硫污水中硫离子的方法,并与传统加酸煮沸除硫离子方法进行了对比,进行了含硫污水氯离子测定的前处理方法优劣的探讨。结果表明,前者方法快速简单,测定终点时实验现象明显,氯离子回收试验为99%~101%之间,适用于批量水样氯离子检测,能够很好的配合现场,且测试结果准确。     

Lymphatic Transport of α-Linolenic Acid and Its Conversion to Long Chain n-3 Fatty Acids in Rats Fed Microemulsions of Linseed Oil

In the present study we evaluated the uptake of ALA and its conversion to EPA + DHA in rats given linseed oil (LSO) in native form or as a microemulsion in whey protein or in lipoid. In a single oral dose study in which rats maintained on rodent pellets deficient in ω-3 fatty acids were intubated with 0.35 g LSO in lipoid, the amount of ALA present in lymph was increased reaching a maximum concentration of 16.23 mg/ml at 2.5 h. The amount of ALA present in lymph was increased to a maximum level of 10.95 mg/ml at 4 h in rats given LSO as a microemulsion in whey protein. When LSO was given without emulsification, the amount of ALA present in lymph was found to reach a maximum level of 7.08 mg/ml at 6 h. A similar result was observed when weaning rats were intubated with 0.15 g of LSO per day for a period of 60 days. Higher levels of ALA by 41 and 103 % were observed in lymph lipids of rats given microemulsions of LSO in whey protein and in lipoid respectively as compared to rats given LSO without pre-emulsification. Very little conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA was observed in lymph lipids but higher amounts of EPA + DHA was observed in liver and serum of rats given LSO in microemulsion form. This study indicated that ALA concentration in lymph lipids was increased when LSO was given in microemulsion form in lipoid and further conversion to EPA and DHA was facilitated in liver and serum.     

油脂水解生产脂肪酸工艺选择

文章阐述了以天然油脂为原料生产脂肪酸的发展前景,分析了影响油脂水解的因素,详细介绍了工业上常用的三种油脂水解的生产工艺,并对最先进的生产工艺做出选择。     

复合防腐剂在儿童化妆品中抑菌效果的研究

文章分别将尼泊金甲酯和植物精油与甲基异噻唑啉酮复配,比较这两种类型的复合防腐剂在儿童化妆品中的抑菌效果。证明了植物精油与甲基异噻唑啉酮复配所得复合防腐剂能在加入量较少时将有较好的抑菌效果。     

回收HMX基炸药制备民用耐热炸药性能研究

利用回收HMX基炸药制备民用炸药H781A,对该炸药药粉在产品组成、热安定性、机械感度等性能和装药的高温安全性、使用性能以及穿深性能进行试验。药粉试验结果表明,该产品符合民用炸药产品验收规范;装药试验结果表明,H781A与民用炸药H781性能相当。因此,由废旧HMX基炸药回收制备的耐热炸药H781A,可安全、有效地装填射孔弹进行高温射孔作业。     

Fractionation of oligomers of linear alphaolefins in a molecular evaporator

Oligomers of higher alphaolefins, mainly of 1-decene and 1-octene have important applications as synthetic lubricating oils or their components. The results of fractionation of polydecene, polyoctene, and polybutene oils in a wiped-film molecular evaporator, for the purpose of preparing narrow distillate cuts, are presented in the paper. Characteristics and properties of the fractions obtained are shown, and the possibilities for this distillation method in the fractionation of polyolefin oils discussed.     

Evaluating thermal and thermooxidation stability for lubricating oils via microscale methods

Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG) methods have been developed to evaluate the thermal and thermooxidation stability of different lubricating oils. Measurements are carried out either by heating the oil sample at a constant rate (direct programme) or by keeping it at a fixed high temperature (isothermal programme). Oxygen at a constant flow rate is used for thermooxidation measurements. Tested samples included different viscosity grades: neutral base oils, unadditivated lubricating oil blends, and industrial oils. The mechanism of thermal decomposition for ZDDP and the estimation of its optimum concentration was also considered.