蓄冷空调用蕊芯冰球的实验研究

以实验比较了双金属蕊芯我金属蕊芯冰球及不加速冻剂的冰球，得出结论：双金属蕊芯冰球冻结时间缩短１／３－１／２，加速冻剂的配方溶液成核点温度较低，且在成核点以下冻结速度明显快于水。     

锦州20—2 MUQ平台增设黏弹性耗能斜撑减冰振的可行性研究

本文通过简化分析的办法,探讨了锦州 20—2 MUQ平台在冰力作用点与底甲板之间增设黏弹性耗能斜撑的可行性及优化参数的选择。     

Refrigeration systems based on long-term storage of ice

A new refrigeration system with annual storage of ice, called the Ice Pond, has been developed and tested at Princeton University. The first commercial ice pond is now under construction to serve a 30 000 m³ office building in the Princeton area. This technique leads to substantial reductions in energy consumption with respect to conventional cooling and helps reduce summer peak electricity demand. In this article, the physics and engineering of ice production, preservation, and utilization are discussed. Experimental results of the Princeton research are reviewed. Finally, a method of economic analysis of the system is presented.     

极端冰况下的导管架平台解决方案

针对在严寒地区海冰对导管架平台结构的冲击这种特殊海况,提出了一种新型抗冰结构形式--正倒三角形简易导管架平台结构,使用模态和冰激理论进行计算机模拟,考虑风载的影响因素,对比新老平台结构进行了冰振反应分析,探讨了这种结构对减轻冰力和结构反应的作用.结果表明能有效地减少冰板对平台的冲击.     

基于蚁群算法的冰蓄冷优化控制策略研究

针对目前冰蓄冷系统控制策略的研究不足,在以往研究的基础上,提出了基于制冷机组逐时启动台数的冰蓄冷优化控制数学模型,并设计了优化模型的蚁群求解算法。此模型算法适用性广,便于工程实施,具有良好的应用价值。     

Impact of sea ice on the retrieval of water-leaving reflectance, chlorophyll a concentration and inherent optical properties from satellite ocean color data

Two physical phenomena by which satellite remotely sensed ocean color data are contaminated by sea ice at high latitudes are described through simulations and observations: (1) the adjacency effect that occurs along sea ice margins and (2) the sub-pixel contamination by a small amount of sea ice within an ocean pixel. The signal at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) was simulated using the 6S radiative transfer code that allows modeling of the adjacency effect for various types of sea ice surrounding an open water area. In situ sea ice reflectance spectra used in the simulations were measured prior to and during the melt period as part of the 2004 Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study (CASES). For sub-pixel contamination, the TOA signal was simulated for various surface reflectances obtained by linear mixture of both sea ice and water-leaving reflectances (ρ_w). The standard atmospheric correction algorithm was then applied to the simulated TOA spectra to retrieve ρ_w spectra from which chlorophyll a concentrations (CHL) and inherent optical properties (IOPs) were derived. The adjacency effect was associated with large errors (> 0.002) in the retrieval of ρ_w as far as 24 km from an ice edge in the blue part of the spectrum (443 nm). Therefore, for moderate to high CHL (> 0.5 mg m^− 3), any pixel located within a distance of ∼ 10-20 km from the ice edge were unreliable. It was also found necessary to consider the adjacency effect when the total absorption coefficient (a_t) was to be retrieved using a semi-analytical algorithm. a_t(443) was underestimated by more than 35% at a distance of 20 km from an ice edge for CHL > 0.5 mg m^− 3. The effect on the retrieval of the particle backscattering coefficient (b_bp) was important only for clear waters (CHL ∼ 0.05 mg m^− 3). In contrast, sub-pixel contamination by a small amount of sea ice produced systematic underestimation of ρ_w in the blue because of incorrect interpretation of enhanced reflectance in the near infrared that is attributed to higher concentrations of atmospheric aerosols. In general, sub-pixel contamination was found to result in overestimations of CHL and a_t, and underestimations of b_bp. A simple method was proposed to flag pixels contaminated by adjacency effect.     

新型板式蓄冰设备的实验研究

目的为了避免目前板式蓄冰设备中存在的载冷剂短路和换热效果受空气层影响严重等弊病，开发了一种新型高效的板式蓄冰设备．方法在这种蓄冰设备中，冰板立式放置，板内空气层集中在上方的较小空间内，减少空气层对设备换热效果的影响，同时在蓄冰槽内用折流板将载冷剂流程组织为若干通程，提高载冷荆流速．结果新型立式封装板蓄冰设备的贮槽体积0．015m^3／kwh，容器换热面积0．41m^2／kWh．与现有蓄冰方式相比，在相同的名义蓄冷量时，板式蓄冷设备所需的蓄冰槽占地空间较小，传热面积大，传热热阻小，结冰融冰速率稳定．结论开发研究的新型板式冰蓄冷产品为冰蓄冷技术的应用开拓了适用范围。降低了材料的消耗量。提高了系统的经济性．从而提高了空间利用率．     

电容式冰层厚度传感器及其检测方法的研究

水由液体变为固体冰(或由固体冰变为液体)的过程中电容会发生很大的变化,基于这一特点,提出了利用空气、冰与水的电容特性差异实现对冰层及冰下水位进行非接触式检测的新的冰层厚度检测思路。对含有导电杂质的冰、冰水混合物、水与空气等物质随温度变化所表现出的电容特性进行了分析,据此提出了利用空气、冰与水的电容特性差异实现对冰层厚度及冰下水位进行非接触式检测的传感器结构及冰厚检测原理。     

动态冰蓄冷空调系统特性分析

由于动态冰蓄冷技术比传统的静态冰蓄冷技术表现出更好的性能，具有更广阔的发展前景，本文以冰片滑落式蓄冷和冰晶式蓄冷为例，论述了动态冰蓄冷系统的工作原理及主要技术性能；以冰片滑落式蓄冷空调系统为重点，分析了动态冰蓄冷空调系统的运行特性，并提出了冰蓄冷系统节能方面几个值得深入研究的问题。     

上海同济大学教学科研综合楼冰蓄冷中央空调系统

介绍了上海同济大学教学科研综合楼采用不完全冻结式导热塑料盘管的冰蓄冷中央空调系统的一些设计情况，指出冰蓄冷技术在经济、环保等方面的优点，值得应用和推广。