Poly(chitosan-ester-ether-urethane) Hydrogels as Highly Controlled Genistein Release Systems

Polymeric hydrogels play an increasingly important role in medicine, pharmacy and cosmetology. They appear to be one of the most promising groups of biomaterials due to their favorable physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The objective of the presented study was to synthesize new poly(chitosan-ester-ether-urethane) hydrogels and to study the kinetic release of genistein (GEN) from these biomaterials. In view of the above, six non-toxic hydrogels were synthesized via the Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) and polyaddition processes. The poly(ester-ether) components of the hydrogels have been produced in the presence of the enzyme as a biocatalyst. In some cases, the in vitro release rate of GEN from the obtained hydrogels was characterized by near-zero-order kinetics, without “burst release” and with non-Fickian transport. It is important to note that developed hydrogels have been shown to possess the desired safety profile due to lack of cytotoxicity to skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts). Taking into account the non-toxicity of hydrogels and the relatively highly controlled release profile of GEN, these results may provide fresh insight into polymeric hydrogels as an effective dermatological and/or cosmetological tool.     

Real-Time Monitoring the Effect of Cytopathic Hypoxia on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Barrier Functionality Using Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) Biosensor Technology

Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE barrier integrity is a hallmark feature of various retinal blinding diseases, including diabetic macular edema and age-related macular degeneration, but the underlying causes and pathophysiology are not completely well-defined. One of the most conserved phenomena in biology is the progressive decline in mitochondrial function with aging leading to cytopathic hypoxia, where cells are unable to use oxygen for energy production. Therefore, this study aimed to thoroughly investigate the role of cytopathic hypoxia in compromising the barrier functionality of RPE cells. We used Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) system to monitor precisely in real time the barrier integrity of RPE cell line (ARPE-19) after treatment with various concentrations of cytopathic hypoxia-inducing agent, Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl₂). We further investigated how the resistance across ARPE-19 cells changes across three separate parameters: R_b (the electrical resistance between ARPE-19 cells), α (the resistance between the ARPE-19 and its substrate), and C_m (the capacitance of the ARPE-19 cell membrane). The viability of the ARPE-19 cells and mitochondrial bioenergetics were quantified with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and seahorse technology, respectively. ECIS measurement showed that CoCl₂ reduced the total impedance of ARPE-19 cells in a dose dependent manner across all tested frequencies. Specifically, the ECIS program’s modelling demonstrated that CoCl₂ affected R_b as it begins to drastically decrease earlier than α or C_m, although ARPE-19 cells’ viability was not compromised. Using seahorse technology, all three concentrations of CoCl₂ significantly impaired basal, maximal, and ATP-linked respirations of ARPE-19 cells but did not affect proton leak and non-mitochondrial bioenergetic. Concordantly, the expression of a major paracellular tight junction protein (ZO-1) was reduced significantly with CoCl_2-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Our data demonstrate that the ARPE-19 cells have distinct dielectric properties in response to cytopathic hypoxia in which disruption of barrier integrity between ARPE-19 cells precedes any changes in cells’ viability, cell-substrate contacts, and cell membrane permeability. Such differences can be used in screening of selective agents that improve the assembly of RPE tight junction without compromising other RPE barrier parameters.     

氢氧化镁和氧化镁中酸不溶物的研究

产硝后的高镁卤水和硫氢化钡溶液进行反应，生成氢氧化镁，酸不溶物在0．3％（质量分数）左右，但将其煅烧成氧化镁后，酸不溶物高达1．2％-2．5％（质量分数），二者酸不溶物远不成比例关系。通过对样品在分析中穿滤对比、硫酸法测定酸不溶物、碘量法测定硫化物试验，确定在生产过程中，硫氢化钡被氢氧化镁吸附，经过高温煅烧，硫氢化钡被氧化成硫酸钡，成为氧化镁中的酸不溶物，这就是氧化镁和氢氧化镁中酸不溶物不成比例的主要原因。     

钙质微波炉用耐热陶瓷釉的研究

以CaO -Al2 O3-SiO2 三元系统组成为基础研制了一种适合耐热微波炉用的平滑光亮陶瓷釉 ,该釉的坯釉结合性、热稳定性及釉面质量均符合微波炉用耐热陶瓷的要求 ,釉α80 0℃ =6 .0 1× 10 - 6 ℃ - 1 ;热稳定性可达 36 0℃～ 2 0℃热交换一次不裂 ;该种钙质耐热釉加入过多碳酸锂 ,会使坯釉结合性变差。     

取代基及分子量对非离子型纤维素醚表面特性的影响

根据Washburn的浸渍理论(Penetration Theory)和van Oss-Good- Chaudhury的组合理论(Combining Theory)及应用柱状灯芯技术(Column Wicking Technique),对几种非离子型纤维素醚,如甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素的表面特性进行了测试。由于这些纤维素醚的取代基、取代度和分子量不同,所以它们的表面能及其组成部分有着明显的差异。数据说明,非离子型纤维素醚Lewis碱大于Lewis酸,表面自由能的主要成分是Lifshitz-van der Waals力。羟丙基的表面能及其成分都大于羟甲基。而在相同取代基和取代度的前提下,羟丙基纤维素的表面自由能正比于分子量;而羟丙基甲基纤维素的表面自由能则正比于取代度,反比于分子量。实验还发现非离子型纤维素醚中的取代基羟丙基和羟丙基甲基的表面能似乎都大于纤维素的表面能,而实验证明所测试得出的纤维素的表面能及其成分的数据是与文献所吻合的。     

磷酸西格列汀制剂中有关物质的合成

摘要：以西格列汀为原料依次富马酸二甲酯和马来酸酐分别经氮杂迈克尔加成和胺化反应制备相应西格列汀有关物质：①以西格列汀和富马酸二甲酯为原料，在DBU催化剂作用下，在N2保护下25℃搅拌6小时，经氢氧化锂，用乙酸乙酯-盐酸调节pH后，水相析晶体系分离提纯，得到西格列汀加合物有关物质I，HPLC纯度大于99%，收率76%；②以马来酸酐为原料，在K2CO3催化作用下，室温搅拌2小时，经一步法胺解开环反应制备西格列汀有关物质II，收率97%。本方法路线短，能耗低，生产成本低，操作简单，两种西格列汀有关物质收率好纯度高，适合工业化生产。     

湖北省高技术产业发展与产业升级的关联分析

从规模、利润、行业构成和技术创新能力4个方面,分析了湖北省高技术产业的现状,运用灰色关联模型,计算出湖北省高技术产业发展与产业升级之间的灰色关联系数,在系统分析湖北省高技术产业发展与产业升级之间的关联效应的基础上,提出了湖北省产业升级的相关建议。     

基于混合模型的舰船腐蚀相关静态电、磁场

为研究舰船水下腐蚀相关静态电场、磁场的分布特征,提出了以舰船水下标量电位为线索,对舰船进行混合建模,即将舰船等效为水平电流线和离散三分量电偶极子的组合,通过测量舰船下方某平面上的标量电位分布,对混合模型中的未知结构参量进行拟合,以建好的混合模型为基础对舰船水下腐蚀相关静态电、磁场进行研究.在实验室中模拟海洋环境,利用1∶100船模对建模方法进行了验证,并以建好的混合模型为基础,计算了船模水下腐蚀相关静态电、磁场的分布特征.实验结果表明混合模型结构简洁、实测数据量小、建模计算量小、模型稳定,比较适合用于舰船腐蚀相关静态电、磁场分布特点的研究.     

数字化下的涉水管网地理信息系统应用

地下管线是一个城市的生命线,其中涉水管网在地下管网中又占据非常重要的地位。为充分发挥涉水管网信息在城市建设、规划、管理、防洪减灾中的作用,构建涉水管网地理信息系统,在充分利用现有硬件和软件支撑环境的基础上,构建专业的空间属性数据库,以数据的动态更新、修改存储、展示查询和管理为基础应用,在业务上服务于应急抢险、规划建设、运行维护、共享发布等过程,按权限的不同划分不同的业务应用。系统集管网信息发布、三维预览、数据更新和移动应用平台等子系统于一体,实现地理信息展示、管网综合分析、数据更新管理等关键功能,实现涉水管网信息的集中保存、快捷查询和检索、信息共享和交换,有助于提升城市应急抢险救灾能力,减少市政工程规划建设的失误,提高涉水管网运行维护管理水平,统一管网信息共享与发布机制。     

一株铜绿微囊藻溶藻菌的溶藻机理研究

以铜绿微囊藻为溶解对象,从巢湖中分离到1株溶藻菌H2。探讨了菌株H2对铜绿微囊藻的溶藻方式,菌株H2胞外活性物质的溶藻特性。结果表明,菌株H2是间接溶藻。溶藻菌起溶藻作用的胞外分泌液中活性物质主要为分子量小于3.5k D的物质,并且活性物质是混合物质;菌株胞外分泌液经乙醇沉淀后,上清液部分的溶藻率大于沉淀部分,为52.50%;胞外分泌液经不同温度和酸碱度处理后,在25℃、p H=12.0时,活性较强,溶藻率分别为98.0%和97.1%;胞外分泌液中活性物质具有一定的抗氧化性。