级联多电平逆变器载波移相调制法的优化研究

针对传统级联高压变频器载波移相调制方法存在开关损耗大、直流电压利用率低等问题,及载波移相与矢量控制相结合的调制方法存在计算量大、计算繁琐、不易实现的问题,提出了级联多电平逆变器的优化控制方法——调制信号叠加零序分量法和两相控制法。该方法采用基于控制自由度组合的思想,通过向调制波中注入零序分量、直流分量等自由度来提高直流电压利用率、减小开关损耗。仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性。     

Study on volume ratio and plasticizer screening of free coating membranes composed of ethyl cellulose and chitosan

The aim of this study was to optimize the formula of free blended coating membrane of ethyl cellulose (EC) and chitosan (CS), including their suitable ratio range and the best plasticizer used. The dry films were produced by a casting/solvent evaporation method, with different volume ratio of EC and CS solution plasticized by various plasticizers, respectively. The wet films were prepared by immersing dry films in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for 24 h. The promising ratio range of EC/CS was below 20/5 or 20/6 with various plasticizer, which was determined by comparing the viscosity of the blended solutions and the morphology of the blended films. The efficiency of plasticization was evaluated by measuring glass transition temperature (T_g). All the testing plasticizers have good compatibility with EC or CS and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) have the strongest efficiency inducing the lowest T_g (39.9°C) of the film. Mechanical properties were evaluated by the ratio of tensile strength (T) to elastic modulus (E). In the wet state, the films with DBP had the highest T/E value (1.2). The results of leaching of plasticizers also verified that DBP was the most stable plasticizer in the films. The release rates of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) through the pellets coated with the blended films of EC/CS (20 : 6 v/v) plasticized by various plasticizers showed that the more water‐soluble the plasticizer was, the more quickly TMPP dissolved from the coated pellets, which further indicated that the water‐insoluble plasticizers (such as DBP) could be more applicable to keep the sustained or controlled release property of the blended films in wet state. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1932–1939, 2006     

Novel fixed‐carrier membranes for CO2 separation

A new membrane material having two kinds of CO₂ carriers was obtained. Composite membranes were prepared with the material and support membranes. The facilitated transport of CO₂ through these membranes was performed with pure CH₄ and CO₂ as well as CH₄/CO₂ mixtures containing 50 vol % CO₂. The results show that the membranes possess better CO₂ permeance than that of other fixed carrier membranes reported in the literature. In the measurements with pure gases, at 26°C, 0.013 atm of CO₂ pressure, the membrane with polysulfone support displays a CO₂ permeance of 7.93 × 10^?4 cm³ /cm² s cmHg and CO₂/CH₄ ideal selectivity of 212.1. In the measurements with mixed gases, at 26°C, 0.016 atm of CO₂ partial pressure, the membrane displays a CO₂ permeance of 1.69 × 10^?4 cm³ /cm² s cmHg and CO₂/CH₄ selectivity of 48.1. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2222–2226, 2002     

舰载机全自动着舰纵向控制系统设计

针对舰载机着舰任务的特殊性,分析设计了舰载机自动着舰优化控制系统.整个系统由若干分系统组成,在原系统的基础上,研究纵向控制引导律中的模糊PID控制器,以便对下滑轨迹进行跟踪.根据着舰要求,将模糊控制与传统PID控制器相结合,实现PID控制器参数的在线调节,然后结合调节后参数变化趋势,通过对系统的整体仿真,得到系统部分输出量的曲线图,继而验证模糊PID控制器对整个自动着舰飞控系统的影响.改进后的纵向控制律可以在不影响系统稳定性的前提下,增强系统响应速度,尤其在应对外界干扰时,着舰效果更明显.     

宽度和长度缩减对体硅和SOI nMOSFETs热载流子效应的影响

针对标准体硅在CMOS和PD SOI CMOS两种工艺下的nMOSFETs,研究了沟道长度和宽度缩减对热载流子效应的影响。实验结果表明,在两种工艺下,热载流子的退化均随着沟道长度的减小而增强;然而,宽度的减小对两种工艺热载流子退化的影响却截然不同：体硅工艺的热载流子退化随宽度的减小而增强,SOI工艺的热载流子退化随宽度的减小而减小。基于界面态对热载流子效应的影响深入分析了长度减小导致两种工艺下热载流子退化均加重的原因;同时基于边缘电场分布对热载流子效应的影响解释了宽度减小导致两种工艺下热载流子退化规律截然相反的现象。研究结果对于实际深亚微米工艺下,集成电路设计中器件工艺尺寸和版图结构的选择具有一定指导意义。     

高温快烧釉中彩颜料的研究

为解决日用瓷铅镉溶出问题和提高装饰档次，研制成功１８种高温快烧颜料色基及专用熔剂。经测试，１８种颜料的各项指标全部达到国家标准要求，铅镉溶出量全部为０．０ｍｇ／ｄｍ２．     

Complex patterns of phosphorus delivery in the Lake of the Woods watershed

Lake of the Woods (LoW) is a large, transboundary lake that continues to experience harmful algal blooms despite large declines in phosphorus (P) inputs from point sources. Tributary runoff is considered the largest source of P to the lake; however, there are few monitoring data within the Canadian portion of the basin (～60% of total area), to guide management. To address this gap, we monitored five rivers of contrasting land use within the lower Rainy River region, an acknowledged “hot spot” of P delivery in the basin. Total P (TP) concentrations were consistently high at all five rivers (volume-weighted range: 19–215 μg/l) despite differences in agriculture across sites (7–27%), suggesting ‘natural’ background P levels are high in this landscape. Furthermore, TP concentrations were strongly correlated with total suspended sediment and geogenic metals, iron (Fe) and aluminum, and TP was especially high during events (>400 μg/l) indicating erosion is an important source of P delivery. However, equally high TP and Fe during periods of slow, stagnant flow in the summer and under winter ice suggest erosion is not the only source of P. Instead, we suggest redox release of P from streambed sediment is also important. This observation is significant, because internal P release within the tributaries, especially during the summer could ‘seed’ downstream algal blooms. The strong sensitivity of TP to both high and low flow conditions indicates that frequent, all-season, multi-year measurements are needed to understand the mechanisms of P delivery in this basin.     

Humic fertilizers by oxiammoniation of hydrolyzed olive pits residues

Hydrolyzed olive pit residues from the production of furfural were ammoniated to obtain a nitrogenenriched humic fertilizer. Samples had been previously oxidized with nitric acid. The oxidized samples were further ammoniated in a batch reactor in the following range of experimental conditions: T = 80–210°C, , solid/liquid ratio, S/L = 0.5–2.8 w/w and reaction time, t = 1–4 h.Planning of experiments was made by statistical design and results were fitted by multiple non-lineal regression polynomials. The product consists of two fractions: a water soluble fraction which contains most of the nitrogen (10–13 wt%) and a solid fraction with a very low nitrogen content (<4.0 wt%), which is likely to be fixed during the oxidation step. The soluble fraction can be used as a humic fertilizer and the solid product as a soil conditioner.     

车载超短波电台维修检测系统的设计与实现

针对某新型车载超短波电台原理结构复杂、自检虚警率高、故障定位困难等问题,综合采用嵌入式技术、数据库软件、电路智能检测等技术,以车载超短波电台维修检测主机+模件测试夹具的架构构建硬件平台,研制开发车载超短波电台维修检测系统;该系统能够实现对车载超短波电台整机频率误差、输出功率、接收灵敏度等参数及电台内部模件性能指标的自动化测试,测试结果与标准特征值比对,实现电台整机技术状态评估和模件级故障定位,实现电台维修信息的实时存储与查询,从而解决陆军部队车载超短波电台维修检测手段不足、维修保障困难等实际问题。