非差运动学精密定轨伪距和相位加权分析

双频星载GPS非差运动学定轨法的定轨精度完全取决于观测数据的质量,单独利用伪距观测量会导致定轨精度低,单独利用载波相位观测量容易导致法方程奇异。对非差运动学精密定轨伪距和载波相位观测量加权进行了分析,在保证获取同单独采用载波相位观测量运动学定轨相当精度的条件下,提高了定轨运算的稳定性和解算速度。用GRACE(gravity recovery and climate experiment)卫星2006年1月3日实测数据作为算例验证了该加权方法的有效性。GRACE卫星实测数据的仿真结果表明:伪距和载波相位观测量加权的非差运动学精密定轨,在R、T、N方向的定轨精度分别为3.93cm、3.19cm、3.34cm,三维位置精度为6.07cm。     

低频率工况下模块化多电平变流器电容电压平衡控制策略

针对应用于高压变频的模块化多电平变流器(MMC)在低频率工况下会出现子模块电容电压波动较大的问题,该文对电容电压波动机理及其抑制控制方法进行了研究。首先,根据MMC的工作原理,设计载波移相调制方法;其次,从理论上分析子模块电容电压波动机理,并在此基础上提出一种适合于低频率工况的电压平衡控制策略;最后,通过仿真验证了控制策略的正确性与有效性。该控制策略可以降低各子模块开关频率,在低频率工况下对子模块电容电压波动有良好的抑制效果。     

紫苏油多层乳液的制备及乳液油脂体外消化特性

针对紫苏油在贮藏过程中极易氧化的特点,以大豆分离蛋白、壳聚糖和海藻酸钠为乳化剂,采用静电层层自组装技术对紫苏油进行包封,使紫苏油保持良好的物理稳定性,并能达到油脂缓释的目的。分别对紫苏油单层乳液、双层乳液和三层乳液微观形态和稳定性进行考察,建立体外模拟消化模型,通过气相色谱测定3 种乳液消化前后的脂肪酸组成。结果表明：壁材质量分数为大豆分离蛋白1.0%、壳聚糖2.0%、海藻酸钠1.5%时制备的3 种乳液粒径较小、电位较高,具有良好的理化稳定性。在酸性条件下的多层乳液能够更好保护多不饱和脂肪酸,随着包埋层数的增加,紫苏油的氧化速率越慢。体外模拟消化结果表明三层乳液较单层和双层乳液具有更好的缓释效果,多层乳液可以保证油脂中脂肪酸有效释放。本实验阐明不同界面层对紫苏油消化和脂肪酸释放特性的影响,为指导油脂缓释体系加工提供一定的参考。     

壳聚糖微花对原花青素的负载表征及缓释性能

采用离子交联法制备壳聚糖微花（chitosan microflowers,CSMF）,通过扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱（Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR）、X射线光电子能谱（X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS）等对CSMF表征,并以原花青素（procyanidins,PC）作为模型药物,考察不同条件下对PC的负载效果,分析负载后原花青素载药微花（PC-CSMF）的体外缓释和抗氧化性能。结果表明,CSMF的形貌是三维多层的微花结构,其直径为1.5 μm左右,层与层之间存在间隙;FTIR表明PC-CSMF在1 448 cm－1产生新的吸收峰,XPS显示PC-CSMF表面碳氧比例有所提高,两者协同证明了PC被成功负载;XRD和热重分析发现PC-CSMF的结晶性和热稳定性没有显著改变;单因素试验结果表明在27 ℃和PC质量浓度为10 mg/mL时,CSMF对PC负载量达到最大为352.88 mg/g;体外缓释和抗氧化性实验证明了PC-CSMF具有缓释作用且负载后的PC生物活性得到提升。     

基于受限和洪泛的电力线载波通信组网算法

组网技术是低压电力线载波通信（LPLC）网络的重要基础之一。当前基于LPLC的用电信息采集系统通信所使用的组网技术主要为洪泛。但是洪泛以系统资源利用率为代价,因为缺乏有效抑制,网络中将产生大量的冗余数据并造成严重冲突。针对该问题,文章提出了一种基于受限洪泛和分级的LPLC组网算法。该机制采用限定洪泛次数及分级广播的方式以有效抑制节点问的信道冲突和通信冗余。应用分析表明,所提出的组网算法能有效地降低节点间通信冲突并提高通信效率。     

插座防脱技术研究与应用

防脱插座是一种插头在锁定状态下可方便插入不易拔出,解锁状态下又能容易拔出的插座,这在某些场合可有效防止用电设备因掉电引起的事故或危害。本文根据设计要求分析了插座防脱的各种技术方案,阐述了实施例中的关键技术、自锁原理、设计计算以及结构设计中的难点和解决办法,为防脱插座的产品设计提供了理论基础。     

核电站低压缸爆破片异常破裂失效原因分析

针对某核电站低压缸大气释放阀爆破片（简称爆破片）装置异常破裂的情况,对爆破片失效特征等信息进行收集,结合低压缸运行工况,对爆破片进行了宏观裂纹分析、微观断口分析及材料成分分析,同时进行了材料力学性能试验、金相试验和爆破模拟试验.所得结果为：铅制低压缸爆破片断裂形式为疲劳断裂,断裂源自纯铅材料的蠕变敏感性.为此,提出了缩短更换爆破片年限的建议.     

活性包装薄膜中活性物质缓释技术研究进展

综述了活性包装薄膜中活性物质缓释技术的国内外研究进展,着重从活性物质释放速率的调控技术、影响因素以及释放动力学模型三方面进行了归纳,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Preparation,Characterization, and Property of Chitosan/Polyethylene Oxide Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Controlled Drug Release

Composite nanofibrous membranes of chitosan (CS) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) were prepared by electrospinning, which can be used as wound dressing scaffolds for controlled drug loading and release. Besides, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) which had been successfully electrospun into nanofibers was employed as a model of antitumor drug to electrospin within the nanofibrous membranes. The properties of the membranes were characterized by the means, such as SEM, AFM, FTIR spectra, XRD and DSC. Furthermore, this thesis investigates the drug releasing profile from the CS/PEO electrospun nanofibrous membrane. According to investigations, it is showed that when the composite nanofibrous membranes were decomposing, the drugs on the scaffolds were released, which was related to the molecular weight of polymers, the mass ratio of CS/PEO, different total concentrations of polymers and the variation of pH value of in solution. This reversible pH-responsive property of the drug delivery system will regulate the drug release of anticancer therapy in the organism. Therefore, possible mechanisms of controlled drug release were anticipated. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Integrated Ferroelectrics to view the free supplemental file.     

Effective Suppression of Conducted Electro Magnetic Interference in DC-DC Boost Converter Using Field Programmable Gate Array Based Chaotic Pulse Width Modulation Switching

Abstract—In recent years, electro-magnetic interference on DC-DC converters is seen as serious problem as it limits the capability of the DC-DC converter. It is popular to use analog circuits to suppress electro-magnetic interference; however, a cheap analog circuit suffers from numerous drawbacks, including inaccurate pulse generation, carrier frequency limitation, and degraded performance due to aging. Conversely, high-performance digital circuits are capable of providing accurate pulses compared to analog circuits. In this article, a field-programmable gate array is used to generate accurate chaotic pulse-width modulation pulses for DC-DC converters. A spread spectrum technique based on randomized carrier frequency modulation with fixed duty ratio is proposed for gating pulse generation, implemented using a field-programmable gate array for electro-magnetic interference suppression. A hardware prototype is built in the laboratory for the proposed method and tested. The performance of the proposed method estimated through simulation study is validated via experimental results.