废旧高温合金酸浸工艺研究

以硫酸为浸出剂,采用正交法,研究了废旧高温合金浸出的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,在下述优化后的条件下,镍、钴的浸出率均达99.5%以上、铬浸出率达96%以上、钽浸出率小于2%:硫酸浓度343g/L、反应温度80℃、反应时间3h。     

Investigation of the voltage life of mica-alumina composite insulation at high temperatures

Experiments and investigations were carried out on the voltage life of a bar-coil model with a nickel-plated copper conductor covered with mica-alumina composite insulation at a temperature range of 550–850 °C. Diffusion of copper into the insulation layer was observed on the specimens aged for a long period. Insulation with mica paper gave faster diffusion speed and shorter voltage life than insulation with mica flake. The diffusion speed became higher with an increase in temperature. The ac current gradually increased with aging time and increased rapidly just before breakdown. There was the relationship I = aEⁿ (a, n: constants) between ac current I and applied stress E, and n was approximately equal to 1 in the region where thermal unbalance did not occur. Arrhenius's law held in the relationship between ac current and aging time. Therefore, the breakdown mechanism might be that the effective insulation thickness decreased due to copper diffusion into the insulation layer and the ac current increased gradually until thermal breakdown in the last stage. If copper diffuses into the insulation layer, even with no voltage application, the aging time required to decrease the breakdown voltage to a certain level (the voltage life) obeys Arrhenius's law. If the voltage life is dominated by diffusion into the insulation layer, the activation energy for voltage life in the aging test becomes twice that for diffusion, both with and without voltage application. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 129(4): 24–31, 1999     

综合利用锂云母分解副产物硫酸钠制备碳酸氢钠的工艺探究

以硫酸(盐)法处理锂云母生产锂盐过程中的副产品硫酸钠为原料,利用结晶法制备高价值的碳酸氢钠,纯度高达90.77%;采用蒸发-冷却-再蒸发的方法回收副产物硫酸铵,每500 mL卤水可回收118.7 g固体,其中硫酸铵占39.6%。实现了变废为宝以及资源综合利用的目标。     

三八面体云母晶体化学式计算的方法和程序

主要介绍M.D.Foster云母族矿物结构式计算方法,并应用BASIC语言编写了电算程序。     

混合铝基复合材料的力学性能和耐磨性

混合金属基复合材料是重要的工程材料,因为他们比纯铝具有更低的密度、更高的比强度和更好的物理力学性能而广泛应用于汽车、航空航天等方面。研究了混合铝金属基复合材料的力学性能和磨损性能。通过搅拌铸造将云母和SiC颗粒加入到Al 356合金中。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究样品的显微组织,用能谱分析(EDX)其化学成分。结果表明,所制备的Al/10SiC?3云母复合材料具有较好的强度和硬度。增加复合材料中云母含量能提高复合材料的耐磨性。     

Mica-EVA-AR弹性体复合材料动态力学性能

将乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、 丙烯酸酯弹性体(AR)和云母(Mica)熔融共混制备了一系列复合材料。动态力学分析发现, EVA与AR共混后, tanδ在5℃附近出现了新峰; 在EVA-AR(80/20)中加入聚合级空间受阻酚MPDI(4-甲基-苯酚与二环戊二烯和异丁烯的反应产物), tanδ峰值逐渐增大, 且峰位置逐渐向高温方向偏移。云母的加入使EVA-AR-MPDI共混物的tanδ峰位置明显向高温方向偏移, 而且峰宽拓宽明显。随着云母含量的增加, 高温区tanδ数值逐步变大, 损耗模量E″大幅度提高, 当云母含量为58.8wt%时E″峰值由未加云母时的79MPa增加至280MPa, 并且E″峰位置向高温偏移。氢键红外光谱和扫描电镜分析结果表明, 复合材料阻尼性能有所提高。      

基于曲线拟合的双能X射线透射的金属识别研究

双能X射线透射分析技术通过识别物料种类来回收废旧金属.针对传统的识别算法存在识别结果受金属厚度影响大、可识别的金属厚度范围较小的问题,在曲线拟合方法的基础上提出了一种基于野值判断的金属识别方法.采用基于高、低能T值的拟合曲线,减少了厚度因素对拟合曲线相关度的影响,解决了较厚金属无法识别的问题;引入野值判断,提高了识别的...     

Preparation of novel porous solids from alumina-pillared fluorine micas by acid-treatment

New porous solids from alumina-pillared fluorine micas (APMs), which were obtained from synthetic Na-tetrasilicic fluorine mica [NaMg_2.5Si₄O₁₀F₂], were prepared by sulfuric acid-treatment under mild conditions at 25 °C. The products were investigated by XRD, ICP, SEM, TEM and N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherm at 77 K. XRD measurements indicated that the interlayer pillared structure having a large basal spacing collapsed during the early stages of the acid-treatment. ICP analyses indicated that Al³⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions were leached out from the pillared micas during the acid-treatment. The pore properties of the leached products were found to differ from those of the mother pillared micas: the acid leaching of the pillared micas leads to the formation of mesopores around 3.2 nm in diameter. The correlation between the change in pore properties and cation elution behavior suggests that the mesopore formation results from the leaching of Mg²⁺ ions from the octahedral sheet of the pillared micas. The leached products thus obtained retained the flaky morphology of the mother pillared micas. These results show that the mild acid-treatment using APMs provides a novel route for obtaining unique mesopore solids having the large particle sizes of the mother micas.     

The most economic setting for a uniformly shifting process

A method for finding the optimal setting for a uniformly-shifting process mean is developed and an algorithm for solution (suitable for microcomputer implementation) is presented. A determination of the number of parts to be made before resetting, and the level to which the process is to be reset is made given costs for improperly sized parts and for process resetting.     

首饰工厂提高废料回收率的途径

在首饰的制作过程中会产生大量的含贵金属废料，其回收状况直接决定首饰工厂的贵金属实际损耗量。根据首饰制作过程中各种废料形式的特点，提出在首饰工厂内建立齐全的废料收集与回收系统是提高废料回收率的重要途径之一，应主要从抽尘收集系统、废液沉淀系统、空气调节系统、化粪池和废料清扫5个方面设置该系统。