太阳能海水淡化与空调装置控制系统研究

阐述了太阳能海水淡化与组合式空调系统的原理,该系统具有高效的海水淡化功能和空调除湿能力.比较了多个现有的控制器,对该装置的控制系统做出了初步设计并进行了实验验证.最终的实验结果证实该控制器完全可行.     

低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统热力分析

建立了喷射器低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统的数学模型,计算分析了各种温度损失随温度的变化,并研究了顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽等参数对系统的造水比和生产单位质量淡水所需传热面积的影响。结果表明各种温度损失在末效蒸发器内显著增加;喷射器低温多效蒸发系统的热力特性明显优于多效蒸发系统;通过增加顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽温度,可以实现系统的优化运行。     

Improving the performance of novel polysulfone-based membrane via sulfonation method: Application to water desalination

High-performance polymers for water desalination were designed. A novel polysulfone was prepared via reaction between a new synthesized pyridine-based diol and bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone. Also a series of disulfonated copolymers with sulfonation content of 20–50 wt% were prepared to compare the hydrophilicity with the pristine polymer. The generated membranes were characterized by microscopic, mechanical, and thermal methods, and the influence of sulfonation degree on hydrophilicity, water flux, and salt rejection was followed. Water flux of sulfonated membranes was increased compare to pristine membrane as sulfonation increased, while the salt rejection decreased. Optimum application performance was obtained for membrane with 30 wt% sulfonation content. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48568.     

石墨烯基电吸附电极材料的研究进展

电容去离子技术是一种高效节能、绿色环保的基于电化学双电层电容理论的电吸附脱盐技术。该技术的关键和核心在于电极材料的选择。石墨烯因具有较高的比表面积、电导率以及优异的物理化学特性,被认为是一种理想的电极材料。本文从石墨烯电极材料性能设计角度出发,归纳总结了针对石墨烯材料特性(亲水性、比表面积/孔隙、导电性)的研究现状,分析存在的问题,并展望了石墨烯基电容去离子电极材料的发展前景。     

海水中134Cs、137Cs和60Co的联合分析

建立了小体积海水中¹³⁴Cs、¹³⁷Cs和⁶⁰Co的联合分析方法,确定了最佳实验条件。采用磷钼酸铵富集法对海水中放射性铯进行浓集后,其上清液利用氢氧化钴沉淀载带海水中的⁶⁰Co,用γ能谱仪进行测量。结果表明：该法对海水中放射性¹³⁴Cs、¹³⁷Cs和⁶⁰Co的回收率分别为87%~95%、87%~95%和89%~93%,检测限分别为0.048、0.051、0.046 Bq/L。另外,对2017年IAEA国际比对（IAEA-RML-2017-01）海水样品中的¹³⁴Cs、¹³⁷Cs和⁶⁰Co进行分析测量,核素分析结果的最终评价均为“通过”,验证了本实验室采用的¹³⁴Cs、¹³⁷Cs和⁶⁰Co联合分析方法的可行性和可靠性,为今后该方法在常规海洋环境放射性监测中的应用推广奠定了基础。     

海水法烟气脱硫技术在爪哇7号工程中的应用

火电厂烟气脱硫过程的基本化学反应是酸碱中和,而海水是一种天然碱资源及脱硫剂,海水法烟气脱硫技术以海水作为SO2吸收剂,其工艺一般包括SO2溶解与吸收、海水中和以及氧化(曝气)等3个过程,海水脱硫工艺中及时消耗H+和SO32-可以获得更大的SO2吸收推动力.为深入了解海水法烟气脱硫技术,以神华国华印尼爪哇7号燃煤发电工程...     

Evaluation of the exploitation of nontraditional water resources—— Case study of Yantian District in Shenzhen

Yantian District in Shenzhen is a water deficient area. Water shortage has become a major obstacle to its further economic progress. Consequently, rational exploitation of nontraditional water resources(NWR)has been naturally adopted to increase local available water volume. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the exploitation of two kinds of NWR, namely wastewater reuse and seawater utilization, in Yantian District, and assess the contribution of each mode to deal with the water crisis. Two different nontraditional water supply systems respectively based on the reclaimed water and sea water were presented, and the effects of each system were evaluated in terms of technology, economy and environment. The result shows that both wastewater reclamation and reuse (WRR) and direct utilization of seawater (DUS) are of great importance to cope with the tight water resource situation in the district. The data indicate that the fresh water saved by WRR system and DUS system is 29 and 17 million m3/a respectively. Moreover, the BOD, COD, NH3-N and T-P reduced by the WRR system are 870, 2900, 725 and 87 t/a, respectively. Considering the integrated effectiveness, the development of WRR system, which is of specific significance to exploiting new water resource and save natural fresh water supplied from distant water diversion project, is the preferred methods used to solve the water shortage problem in Yantian District and recover the water environment as well as maintain the sustainable development of the city zone.     

利用多角度偏振信息计算海水密度研究初探

提出一种利用多角度偏振信息计算海水密度的方法,从多角度遥感与偏振光遥感的角度,找出海水的偏振特性与海水密度之间的函数关系,利用海水偏振特性与海水折射率特性对海水密度进行计算,扩展现有遥感应用的领域,同时为海洋基本参数反演开拓新思路.     

直接利用净化海水生产酱油

通过净化海水并作为酿造酱油用水的整个生产研究,结果表明米曲霉能够在三角瓶、通风制曲等生产过程中正常生长,其外观、孢子数、发芽率和自来水酿造的无明显差别,培养过程减少细菌总数44.8%、发酵过程减少28.1%;海水酱油的各项指标均符合GB18186-2000《酿造酱油》标准要求,而且感官指标更佳;说明利用净化后的海水代替自来水进行酱油生产是可行的,并直接节约生产成本每吨70元,出品率提高3%左右,具有显著经济效益.