液体媒质超声波电机转子稳定性理论和实验研究

液体媒质超声波电机定、转子不直接接触,利用液体媒质驱动转子旋转,是超声波电机新的研究方向。在液体媒质超声波电机中,转子的稳定性是一个关键问题。该文利用有限元分析软件CAPA和ANSYS,分析了在受到电压激励时电机内液体媒质的声流速分布。通过仿真发现,液体媒质同时存在切向流动和径向流动,是一种紊流,速度的大小和方向与激励电压和液体参数密切相关。切向流动推动转子旋转,而径向流动作用在转子上,引起了转子不稳定。为了分析方便,假设转子轴不固定,径向流动对转子的作用可通过弹簧和质量块构成的单自由度系统模拟,这样转子的稳定性可利用转子的振动频率衡量。通过实验研究了电机激励电压、转子厚度、液体媒质的高度及类型与转子振动频率的关系,为提高转子稳定性、优化电机设计提供了参考依据。     

异噁草酮高效降解菌发酵培养基优化

对异噁草酮的高效降解菌X菌株培养基中的碳源、氮源、无机盐进行单因素筛选,并应用正交试验设计对培养基组分进行优化,得到异噁草酮高效降解菌X的最佳发酵培养基配方为葡萄糖4%,酵母粉0.5%,淀粉1.2%,豆粕1%.硫酸铁0.005%,磷酸二氢钾0.02%,氯化钙0.2%.     

Cytoprotective effects of geraniin against peroxynitrite- and peroxyl radical-induced cell death via free radical scavenging activity

The role of natural antioxidants in combating the deleterious effects of free radicals has received much attention. In the present study, the cytoprotective effects and the free radical scavenging activity of geraniin, a hydrolysable ellagitannin from Nephelium lappaceum rind, were evaluated by using various approaches. Addition of geraniin to the culture media resulted in a profound cytoprotective effect against damages induced by the peroxynitrite generator 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), and the peroxyl radical generator 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). Geraniin exhibits more potent cytoprotective activity than that of 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox). Geraniin exhibited potent antioxidant activity against reactive species, such as nitric oxide, superoxide anion, and chemically synthesized peroxynitrite. Kinetic analysis of reactivity against peroxyl radicals generated by AAPH revealed that geraniin possesses potent reactivity against peroxyl radicals with higher stoichiometric number than Trolox. The cytoprotective effect of geraniin was only observed when geraniin and these toxic compounds were co-existing, suggesting that geraninn exhibits cytoprotective effects via free radical scavenging activity in the extracellular fluid.     

Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects on milk yield, milk composition, ruminal fermentation and total tract nutrient utilization of feeding roasted whole sunflower seed to dairy cows. Three diets were formulated: a control diet with no sunflower seed (NSF), a raw sunflower seed diet (USF) and a roasted sunflower seed diet (RSF). The level of sunflower seed in USF and RSF was 78 g kg^?1 of dry matter (DM). The effects of dietary treatments on yield and composition of milk were determined using nine Holstein cows in three 3 × 3 Latin squares. Three ruminally fistulated cows were used to determine the effects of dietary treatments on ruminal fermentation and total tract nutrient digestibilities. Cows fed sunflower seed diets consumed 8% less (P < 0.05) DM but produced similar amounts of milk as cows fed NSF. However, milk fat content (30.7 vs 33.5 g kg^?1) and yield (1.33 vs 1.47 kg day^?1) were lower (P < 0.05) for cows fed USF and RSF than for those fed NSF. Supplemental sunflower seed had no effect on concentrations and yields of other milk components. The concentrations of short‐chain (C_4:0 to C_12:0) and medium‐chain (C_14:0 to C_16:0) fatty acids were, respectively, 27% and 29% lower (P < 0.05) while those of long‐chain fatty acids (C_18:0 to C_18:3) were 51% higher (P < 0.05) in the milk of cows fed USF and RSF than for cows fed NSF. Ruminal pH, ammonia N and total volatile fatty acids were not affected by dietary treatments. Feeding sunflower seed (USF or RSF) reduced (P < 0.05) the concentration of acetate and increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of propionate. Total tract nutrient digestibilities were not affected by sunflower seed supplementation or by heat treatment. Supplementing dairy cow diets with unheated or roasted sunflower seed improved the efficiency of milk production and increased concentrations of long‐chain and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Feeding sunflower seed at up to 78 g kg^?1 of diet DM had no adverse effects on nutrient utilization. Roasting had no additional benefits on milk yield or milk fatty acid composition. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

产低温蛋白酶酵母菌株的筛选及发酵培养基优化

该研究从新疆本地分离获得的200株酵母菌中筛选产低温蛋白酶的菌株,并通过形态观察、生理生化试验及分子生物学方法 对菌株WLY1、WLY2和MLY1进行鉴定,最后通过响应面法对20 ℃条件下蛋白酶活力高的菌株的发酵培养基配方优化。 结果表明, 共筛选到14株产低温蛋白酶菌株,其中3株（WLY1、WLY2和MLY1）于20 ℃条件下仍具有较强的产低温蛋白酶能力,其蛋白酶酶活 力依次为69.03 U/mL、34.20 U/mL、29.70 U/mL;鉴定菌株WLY1、WLY2和MLY1分别为双倒卵形红冬孢酵母（Rhodosporidium diobo- vatum）、Cryptococcus adeliensis、Barnettozyma californica;其中菌株WLY1产低温蛋白酶能力强,且其最佳产蛋白酶培养基配方为酵 母浸粉1.64%、蛋白胨1.21%、干酪素1.48%。在此最优条件下,菌株WLY1的蛋白酶活力达到251.51U/mL,约为优化前的4倍,同比其 他产蛋白酶功能菌具有较大的工业应用潜力。     

非均等配风下的风水冷选择性冷渣器冷态排渣特性

以某电厂450t/h CFB锅炉的风水冷选择性冷渣器为原型,通过冷态模化实验研究了各仓室在均等和非均等配风下的排渣特性,分析了各仓室的风量比关系对排渣速率的影响规律。实验结果表明,冷渣器的实际流化风量下限值高于设计值,在送风机总风量基本不变甚至减小的情况下,通过调配各仓室的风量比关系可明显提高冷渣器的排渣速率。所得实验数据对冷渣器的安全运行具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。     

薄板坯连铸中碳钢SS400纵裂原因分析及控制措施

通过对唐钢薄板坯连铸中碳钢SS400纵裂产生原因进行分析,提出了优化保护渣性能、结晶器水量和铜板厚度相匹配等纵裂控制措施.通过采取这些技术措施,使薄板坯纵裂缺陷得到了有效控制.     

溶解和离子交换反应中K+的快速测定

离子溶液中快速传递及反应动力学过程的跟踪研究在实验上较为困难 ,为此基于离子选择性电极建立溶液中离子活度即时采集系统 ,并结合活度系数模型准确计算离子浓度 .该方法测定速度快 ,最小间隔为 1s,且所得离子浓度最大偏差小于 2 % .用此方法测定了硫酸钾溶解过程以及钛酸钾离子交换反应过程中钾离子浓度的变化 ,获得传统方法难以测定的数分钟内相关动态过程受溶剂、pH值的影响结果 .该方法可推广应用于研究其他各种动态过程 (如溶解、结晶、沉淀、离子交换、吸附和扩散等过程 )     

利用有机硅高沸物制备乳化硅油及脱膜剂

实验主要利用有机硅副产物高沸物生产系列有价值的下游产品乳化硅油及脱膜剂.介绍了实验的基本原理、主要工艺操作步骤、所使用原材料及产品质量标准,此产品在一些工业装置上使用效果较佳,有一定应用价值.     

基于最佳竞争窗口的IEEE802.11DCF接入协议改进及性能分析

针对DCF协议的初始竞争窗口不能随着节点数变化选择其最佳值的不足,提出一个具有两级退避的接入协议(OCW-DCF),并用Markov模型分析了协议性能,确定其最佳竞争窗口值。仿真结果表明,OCW-DCF协议能有效减小信道接入延时,且采用基本接入模式的总体性能比RTS/CTS接入模式的好。