Se in Se‐enriched peanut,and losses during peanut protein preparation

This study determined the Se species in Se‐enriched peanut, and Se losses during peanut protein processing by enzymatic extraction, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry determination. The study revealed that mixed enzymes (protease and lipase, 2:1 w/w) in Na₂S₂O₃, assisted by 1 h ultrasonic processing, could effectively extract Se speciation from defatted peanut powder. Separation of organic Se by HPLC was optimised using pentafluoropropionic anhydride at a concentration of 0.1% in 2% methanol as mobile phase. Selenomethionine is the dominant Se species in peanut, accounting for 65% of the total Se. During the peanut protein preparation, nearly 37% of Se losses were due to the complexity of the multistage process. The loss can be ascribed to volatilisation, dissolution, degradation or other physical modes of transfer or loss.     

Selenium dioxide reaction of substituted diphenacyl sulfides: generation of α -ketoacids

The attempted selenium dioxide oxidation of substituted diphenacyl sulfides in anticipation of further functionalization led to a series of α -ketoacids 3 via oxidation followed by C?S bond cleavage. Two minor products, 5 and 6, have also been isolated and a mechanistic pathway for the formation of 3, 5 and 6 has been proposed.     

水质硒质量控制用标准样品的研制

依据国家标准样品工作导则要求,制备硒标准样品。采用原子荧光法对样品进行均匀性和稳定性研究。以多个实验室协作分析定值的统计结果确定标准值,并进行不确定度评估。结果表明,硒标准样品均匀性良好,稳定性可达24个月以上;样品量值准确,与美国同种标准物质进行比对具有可比性。研制的硒标准样品符合国家标准样品的技术要求,标准编号为GSB 07—3172—2014,可用于水质硒元素检测的质量控制、分析方法研究以及分析实验室能力验证等方面。     

ICP-AES测定酸泥中硒碲含量

研究建立了王水溶样—电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱测定酸泥中硒、碲含量的分析方法,通过实验对仪器工作参数、分析线的选择等进行了研究,确定了合适的分析线和仪器分析条件,并对本方法进行了精密度和准确度实验。实验结果显示,硒的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为1.40%~1.67%,加标回收率为99.4%~107.7%,碲的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为1.82%~2.44%,加标回收率为95.0%~104.0%,满足样品中硒、碲分析测定要求。     

In situ synthesis of zinc oxide/selenium composite for UV blocker application

Development of reliable ultraviolet (UV) blockers is crucial for UV radiation protection applications such as sunscreen and UV-resistant fabric. To date, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been extensively used as a physical UV blocker worldwide but has also been criticized for with its unfavored UV-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation phenomena. As an attempt to suppress the photocatalytic activity of ZnO without compromising its UV absorbance property, amorphous selenium (Se) nanoparticles (NPs) were incorporated to ZnO using a facile and cost-effective coprecipitation method. Additionally, this process also enables an economical synthesis route for harvesting amorphous Se NPs from an aqueous medium. The ZnO–Se composites were thoroughly characterized to confirm its enhanced UV absorptivity combined with high transparency in the visible light range and to understand the interaction between ZnO and Se. Besides, Se-induced photocatalytic activity suppression of ZnO was demonstrated using methylene orange as an indicator. In vitro study revealed that ZnO–Se composite had improved biocompatibility over ZnO but comparable bacteriostasis ability under full-spectrum light irradiation. These results suggest that ZnO–Se composite is a promising UV blocker with advantages of facile synthesis, UV-induced ROS generation diminishment and biocompatibility.     

Selenocarbamates As a Prodrug-Based Approach to Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition

A study on the activity of selenocarbamates as a novel chemotype acting as carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors is reported. Undergoing CA-mediated hydrolysis, selenocarbamates release selenolates behaving as zinc binding groups and effectively inhibiting CAs. A series of selenocarbamates characterised by high molecular diversity and complexity have been studied against different human CA isoforms such as hCA I, II, IX and XII. Selenocarbamates behave as masked selenols with potential biological applications as prodrugs for CAs inhibition-based strategies. X-ray studies provided insights into the binding mode of this novel class of CA inhibitors.     

原子荧光仪测试岩石矿物中硒元素试验研究

探讨了原子荧光仪测试岩石矿物中硒元素试验研究。运用原子荧光仪测试岩石矿物中硒元素,结果显示：原子荧光仪测试岩石矿物中方法硒元素的回收率、相对标准偏差、方法检出限分别为98.2%-103.0%、0.95%-5.80%、3.5×10^-11g/m L。原子荧光仪方法测试岩石矿物中硒元素具有较为快捷的速度、较高的灵敏度,且简便易行等,值得推广。     

富硒处理对绿豆GSH-Px活性及GSH含量的影响

谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),最早是在动物体内发现的一种含硒酶,近年来在许多植物中也发现了该酶的存在,并发现适当浓度的外源硒能提高GSH-Px的活性.本文以绿豆为实验材料,用NaSe2O3 作为硒源,对绿豆进行富硒处理,研究适当浓度的NaSe2O3对绿豆GSH-Px活性及绿豆中谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的影响.结果显示:富硒处理可以促进绿豆GSH-Px的合成;无论是浸泡过程还是萌芽阶段,经富硒处理的绿豆其GSH-Px的活性都比对照样高;特别是在富硒处理5 h后,绿豆GSH-Px活性显著增加,比对照提高了59.38 %;而绿豆中GSH的含量则是先下降,后升高.     

利用富硒双孢菇粉提升酱油有机硒含量和改善酱油风味

该研究利用临期和损伤富硒双孢菇制备富硒双孢菇粉,以其替代15%质量分数的面粉,按照高盐稀态工艺生产富硒酱油（样品酱油）。结果显示,样品酱油总硒和有机硒含量分别达到134.65和122.53μg/kg,比对照酱油提高5.70倍和5.85倍,有机硒转化率为91.00%,符合富硒酱油标准。理化分析结果表明样品酱油总氮、氨基酸态氮和无盐固形物含量为1.72、1.03和22.56 g/100 mL,比对照酱油提高9.55%、19.77%和5.13%。此外,样品酱油蘑菇香、麦芽香、醇香和果香香气强度比对照酱油提高了5 837.17%、15.62%、20.15%和15.88%。添加富硒双孢菇粉显著提高了大曲和酱醪中蛋白酶酶活,这是富硒双孢菇粉提高酱油滋味物质含量的原因。富硒双孢菇粉中的1-辛烯-3-酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、3-辛醇和3-辛酮赋予了样品酱油蘑菇香。此外,富硒双孢菇粉促进了酱醪中产香微生物的繁殖,进而提高了样品酱油中麦芽香、醇香和果香香气强度。该研究利用临期和损伤富硒双孢菇开发了一种风味良好的富硒酱油,可为双孢菇和酱油生产企业提高产品附加值提供技术参考。     

原子荧光光谱法测定茶叶中微量硒的研究

采用原子荧光光谱法对茶叶中硒的含量进行了分析,用巯基棉富集和硫脲抗坏血酸掩蔽Pb2 、Cu2 、Ag 的干扰.讨论并确定了最佳测定条件,硒的检出限为0.57 ng·mL-1,线性范围为0.00～100.00 ng·mL-1,回收率为99.0%～106.3%,相对标准偏差小于1.71 %.