Design of Synchronous Drive Mechanism of Opposed-Piston Hydraulic-Output Engine

In order to improve the thermal power conversion capacity of the internal combustion engine,combined with existing opposed-piston two-stroke engine(OP2S) and hydraulic free piston engine (HFPE),the integral structure for a new type of opposed-piston hydraulic-output (OPHO) engine has been designed,an operating principle has been introduced,the composition of its synchronous drive mechanism has been carefully analyzed,and a mathematical model has been built.In addition,the kinematics models of both the mechanism and the conventional crank-link mechanism have been established by utilizing MATLAB,and the movement rules of the pivotal moving components have been obtained.According to the simulation results,the piston movement of this new type of opposed-piston hydraulic-output engine reveals a prominent asymmetry compared to the conventional crank-link engine.Under a fixed engine revolving speed,the compression time of the opposedpiston hydraulic-output engine is shortened while the expanding time is lengthened,thus the gas turbulence intensity is strengthened around the top dead center (TDC) position.Meanwhile,the piston obtains a longer isometric process compared to conventional engines,which could be benefitial to enhance the combustion efficiency.     

构件动态热作用计算分析

叙述了构件动态传热的原理;介绍了ISO 13786国际标准对构件动态热作用的计算方法,对动态传热系数等参数的定义和计算公式给予了详细的描述;并通过6种典型墙体热工参数的计算,与我国目前构件动态热作用计算方法的分析对比,可以看出当选定构件动态传热系数小于0.5 W/(m2·K)作为隔热设计标准时,可以满足GB 50176给出的房间自然通风条件下构件的隔热要求;提出应参考ISO 13786的方法,改进我国构件动态热特性计算体系及评价方式。     

引燃柴油量及喷射间隔对直喷天然气发动机排放的影响

为优化直喷天然气发动机的喷射策略,在一台六缸电控直喷天然气发动机上,用试验方法研究了引燃柴油量及柴油摘/天然气喷射间隔对发动机 HC、CO和 NO_x排放的影响。试验结果表明:喷射间隔一定时, HC排放随引燃柴油喷射量的增加而降低；在引燃柴油喷射量为 4.0 mg时, HC排放随喷射间隔的增加而增加；引燃柴油喷射量在 6.0～11.5 mg范围内, HC排放在喷射间隔从 0.5 ms变化到 1.1 ms时,变化较小；喷射间隔增加到 1.4 ms时, HC排放升高趋势明显。 CO排放随引燃柴油喷射量的变化规律为先降低后升高；在不同的柴油喷射量下增加喷射间隔, CO排放均降低。 NO_x排放随引燃柴油喷射量的增加先降低后升高；在喷射间隔为 0.5 ms时, NO_x排放相对较小,在喷射间隔为 1.4 ms时, NO_x排放最高。增加引燃柴油喷射量有利于 HC的减排,对 CO排放的影响较小,但会导致 NO_x排放的恶化；增加喷射间隔会促使 HC和 NO_x排放的升高,但 CO排放有所降低。     

A surface modification layer capable of tolerating substrate contamination on transparent electrodes of organic electronic devices

An organic molecule, hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN), is found that it can be used not only as a hole-injecting material but also a surface modification material to clean contaminated substrate electrodes for the fabrication of organic electronic devices. As an example, HAT-CN can modify or “clean” indium-tin-oxide (ITO) anode surface in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Negative effect from ITO surface contamination on the electroluminescence performance of OLEDs can be dramatically reduced with this modification layer. As a result, the OLEDs with the same device architecture but with different ITO surface conditions, even with intentional contamination, can all exhibit substantially identical and superior electroluminescence performance. The surface modification function of this material is feasibly useful for the real fabrications of OLEDs as well as for advanced research on other organic electronic devices.     

中外合资企业管理特点分析及启示——以福建联合石化公司管理实践为例

以福建联合石化公司管理实践为例，从诚信、以人为本、高效务实、授权指引、内部监控、文化融合等几个方面对中外合资企业管理特点进行分析，探讨其对提升石化企业管理水平的启示。     

Electronic structure,carrier mobility and device properties for mixed-edge phagraphene nanoribbon by hetero-atom doping

Phagraphene, a new carbon allotrope, was proposed recently. We here select a mixed-edge phagraphene ribbon to study B-, N-, and BN-doping effects respectively on the geometric stability, electronic structure, carrier mobility, and device property. Calculations show that the energetic and thermal stability for these ribbons are very high. With different doping types and doping sites, the bandgap size of a ribbon may be nearly unchanged, increased, or decreased as compared with the intrinsic ribbon, and even become a metal, thus presenting fully tunable electronic structures. For this, the charge transfer shifting edge bands and the new formed hybridized bands due to doping play a crucial role. More interestingly, doping at different positions can regulate the carrier mobility of ribbon, and the difference of two orders of magnitude for hole mobility can be generated by BN-doping. In addition, the study on device property shows that there is a prominent negative differential resistance characteristics occurring in a BN-doped ribbon device. These findings are meaningful for understanding the doping effects on electronic properties of phagraphene nanoribbons.     

Characterization of Calcium Alginate Beads Containing Structurally Similar Drugs

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of alginate beads prepared by ionotropic gelation in which structurally similar drugs were incorporated. For this purpose theophylline and theobromine were selected as model drugs. The influence of incorporated drugs on bead characteristics such as size, shape, and morphology, as well as encapsulation efficiency, was examined. It was found that theobromine as well as theophylline content in beads significantly decreased with increasing hardening time due to drug diffusion into the hardening media. In theobromine beads the drug content was extremely improved by dropping the alginate and drug solution into an acidic calcium chloride solution, while theophylline content was to some extent improved by the hardening of beads in a calcium chloride solution saturated with the drug. The most evident difference between theophylline and theobromine beads was in their shape and morphology. Theobromine beads were round, while theophylline ones had an irregular shape with an extremely wrinkled surface. The distinction in shape was highly dependent on drug content. Additionally, it was demonstrated that beads' shape was dependent on preparation conditions as well. On the basis of x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs it was found that the most of the drug in bead was present in an amorphous state. Therefore, it is suggested that some drug–alginate interactions could be present in beads and might be responsible for the different shape of theophylline and theobromine beads.

Thus it can be concluded that the preparation of beads by ionotropic gelation cannot be generalized even though structurally similar drugs are incorporated.     

RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS OF JURASSIC SHAXIMIAO FORMATION,WESTERN SICHUAN BASIN

Our study shows that （ 1 ） the Shaximiao reservoir, western Sichuan Basin, is mainly composed of arkose and lithic ar- kose, and litharenite, feldsparthic and lithic quartz sandstone for the second; （2） the reservoir space includes pore and fracture, and in- tergranular dissolution pore for the main one whereas residual intergranular pore and intragranular dissolution pore for the second ones; （3） the throat type dominantly contains tubular and intergranular fissures, which belong to fine- to micro-throat ones; （4） its porous structure is poor, which is characterized by small pore and shallow throat, small volume of effectively connecting pore, and medium to high drainage pressure; and （5） this reservoir is mostly featured by low to medium porosity and permeability, partly high porosity and per- meability, and strong heterogeneity. In addition, the factors controlling its growth, the sandbedy distribution, and the favorable reservoir belts are further studied. These results may provide an important support for exploration and development of Shaximiao reservoir.