Effect of processing steps on the physico-chemical properties of dried-seasoned squid

The effects of processing steps on the physico-chemical properties of dried-seasoned squid were studied using two kinds of squids. Browning was observed as indicated by an increase in yellowness (b^∗ value) during the semi-drying and roasting step. The temperature and time of heating and type of roasting, as well as the material itself were the key factors influencing the browning. A high level of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and low contents of trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine (DMA) were detected in the raw material. TMAO gradually decreased during the processing, while TMA, DMA and formaldehyde (FA) increased significantly especially in boiled meat. The temperature of boiling was the most crucial factor impacting the production of FA. FA could be greatly decreased during the cooling process by washing with water or changing the roasting techniques. Therefore, to improve the quality of dried-seasoned squid, more attention should be paid to the temperature and roasting techniques during the processing.     

鱿鱼下脚料水解物的制备及降血压抑制肽研究

通过对鱿鱼肝脏蛋白水解液中抑制肽的研究,为鱿鱼及其下脚料水解物的高效利用奠定了理论基础。采用酶解技术和凝胶过滤分离等技术进行研究。实验得出:胃蛋白酶为鱿鱼肝脏蛋白水解的最佳酶类,同时以水解度和ACE抑制活性为指标,得出胃蛋白酶水解的最佳条件:在36℃条件下酶解22h,酶与底物的质量比2%,底物浓度2.5%。经过上述条件处理后的水解液经超滤处理(分子量为20ku)后,用Sephadex G-50进行分离,洗脱得到等5个峰值,其中组分B的ACE抑制活性最高,其半抑制浓度(IC50)达到1.80mg/mL。     

气相色谱内标法测定鱿鱼油中的胆固醇

目的:以正三十二烷为内标物,建立了鱿鱼油中胆固醇含量测定的气相色谱(GC)分析方法。方法:采用0.5mol/L的氢氧化钾乙醇溶液在65℃水浴锅中对油样皂化30min,乙醚萃取,毛细管气相色谱法测定鱿鱼油中胆固醇,讨论并确定了样品皂化的最佳条件。结果:利用该方法,胆固醇与杂质可以得到较好的分离和准确的定量。内标法制定标准曲线相关系数大于0.999,测得胆固醇含量为29.01±0.56mg/g。胆固醇的最低检出限为2.21ng,加标回收率在92.14%～102.45%之间,其RSD<5%(n=3)。结论:该法灵敏度高,分离效果好,定量准确,适用于鱿鱼油中胆固醇的含量测定。     

二氢杨梅素对煎烤鱿鱼片贮藏过程中氧化三甲胺降解及品质的影响

为了降低贮藏鱿鱼制品中甲醛含量和提高鱿鱼制品的贮藏品质,本研究以未加二氢杨梅素的鱿鱼制品为对照,将用质量分数0.2％二氢杨梅素浸泡并烤制的鱿鱼制品在25℃C条件下贮藏.以氧化三甲胺(trimethylamine oxide,TMAO)含量、甲醛含量、二甲胺含量、三甲胺含量、色差、硫代巴比妥酸值、质构特性、气味和水分变化...     

Utilization of oryzacystatin for regulating the ripening of squid shiokara, a traditional Japanese salted and fermented seafood

Shiokara is a fermented seafood composed of sliced squid mantle muscle ripened with fresh squid liver. Preliminary sensory evaluation by using the ranking test revealed that the hardness of squid muscle in shiokara was reduced within 7 d of ripening. During the process of ripening, muscle proteins were digested by proteinases present in squid liver. The degradation of paramyosin and myosin heavy chain was observed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The hardness of squid mantle muscle in shiokara was reduced with the degradation of paramyosin and myosin heavy chain. This degradation was mainly caused by E-64-sensitive cysteine proteinases. To control the hardness of shiokara, we used rice seed oryzacystatin, which suppresses proteolysis by papain-like cysteine proteinases. When oryzacystatin was added 4 d after the start of shiokara ripening, the muscle protein degradation stopped, without further muscle softening. These results show that oryzacystatin is useful to control the ripening of shiokara by regulating its hardness.     

Dimethylamine, trimethylamine, and biogenic amine formation in high-pressure processed semidried squid (Todarodes pacificius) during refrigerated storage

The quality properties of semidried squid treated with high-pressure processing (HPP) were investigated during refrigerated storage. The vacuum-packed semidried squid samples were subjected to 500 MPa for 0 min (HPP-0), 5 min (HPP-5), and 10 min (HPP-10) by using a custom-made high-pressure processor and stored at a refrigerated temperature for 28 d. The populations of indigenous psychrotrophic and mesophilic bacteria were effectively reduced by approximately 1 and 2 log CFU/g at the HPP-10 treatment, respectively. Compared to the control, the bacterial counts in HPP-treated semidried squid samples were maintained at low levels throughout the storage period. The increase in the amounts of dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA) was more pronounced at the unpressurized control than at the HPP treatments. The production of biogenic amines (BAs) varied with HPP treatment during refrigerated storage. Therefore, the application of HPP may provide a significant improvement in the safety and quality of semidried squid.     

鸢乌贼加工与质量安全控制技术研究进展

鸢乌贼具有分布广泛、繁殖速度快、蛋白质及氨基酸含量丰富等特点,已逐渐成为目前研究的热点。但由于鸢乌贼原料肉存在质地较硬、酸味过重、内源性甲醛含量偏高等问题,限制了这一大宗海鲜捕捞原料的开发利用。本文在综述鸢乌贼营养成分与加工利用的基础上,系统分析鸢乌贼肌肉嫩化、脱酸方式、内源性甲醛的来源及脱除方面的研究进展,旨在为鸢乌贼这一大宗海洋生物原料的高值化精深加工利用提供参考。     

Effects of hydroxyl radical induced oxidation on water holding capacity and protein structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) mantle

Protein oxidation is considered as an important issue in food preservation process. In the present study, the potential influence of protein oxidation on water holding capacity and protein structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) mantle was investigated. After the hydroxyl radical oxidation, it was found that the carbonyl, surface hydrophobicity and dityrosine content of myofibrillar protein significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the content of total sulphydryl decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity of squid was weakened, and the maximum absorption peak of fluorescence red shift as the H₂O₂ concentration increased. The sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that not only the protein cross-linking but also degradation could have occurred. The content of α-helix decreased, the content of β-sheet, β-turn and the unordered structures increased after oxidation. In addition, oxidation resulted in a decrease in water holding capacity. Taken together, oxidation resulted in the damage of the myofibrillar structure, the increase in muscle loss rate and the decrease in water holding capacity.