Using Taxometric Analysis to Distinguish a Small Latent Taxon From a Latent Dimension With Positively Skewed Indicators: The Case of Involuntary Defeat Syndrome.

Joining the debate on the structure of depression, S. R. H. Bearh and N. Amir (2003) analyzed college students' responses to 6 Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) items with predominantly somatic content and concluded that they identified a small latent taxon corresponding to involuntary defeat syndrome. An exact replication of these analyses yielded virtually identical taxometric results, but parallel analyses of simulated taxonic and dimensional comparison data matching the intercorrelations and skewed distributions of the BDI items showed the results to be more consistent with dimensional than with taxonic latent structure. Analyses in a clinical sample with nonskewed indicators further supported a dimensional interpretation. The authors discuss methodological strategies for conducting and interpreting taxometric analyses under the adverse conditions commonly encountered in psychopathology research, including skewed indicators and small putative taxa. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Questions éthiques en psychologie.

This book is the result of months of work by a small group interested in ethical debates surrounding diverse professional practices. The different chapters examine the relationships among ethics, morality, and psychology. Of special interest are ethical questions relating to the conduct of research; the use and interpretation of standardized tests, given issues of validity and reliability; and the problems of developing and transmitting expertise in psychological practice. The values of respect, liberty, and justice are seen as relevant and applicable to psychological practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Positions of Truthfully Answered Controls on Control Question Tests With the Polygraph.

Students (N = 120) guilty of a mock crime, innocent and informed, or innocent and uninformed of crime details were examined by polygraph with an altered form of Control Question Test (CQT). Ambiguous, lie-engendering control questions were altered to form clear direct questions answered truthfully. When these control questions were positioned before crime-relevant questions, most guilty and innocent participants were correctly classified. Most participants were classed as guilty when crime-relevant questions were positioned before control questions. Lying to crime-relevant questions in the second position resulted in skin resistance, F(2,108) = 8.2, and blood volume, F(2, 108) = 6.1, responses larger than Orienting Responses to initial control questions. Accurate detection depends on the position of control questions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychological Response to Test Results in an Ovarian Cancer Screening Program: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study.

To identify the psychological impact of receipt of an abnormal yet benign screening test result, the authors examined the response to a transvaginal ultrasound screening (TVS) test for ovarian cancer (OC) in asymptomatic women (N=540) undergoing an initial TVS screening test. Interviews were conducted prior to undergoing TVS screening and at 2 weeks and 4 months following this baseline. Women receiving an abnormal yet benign TVS test result (n=33) reported elevated OC-specific, but not general, distress at 2-week follow-up. Distress returned to baseline levels at 4-month follow-up. Consistent with the monitoring process and cognitive-social health information processing models, response to an abnormal TVS result was moderated by a monitoring coping style, low optimism, and a family history of OC. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Development and Preliminary Validation of the Physiological Hyperarousal Scale for Children.

Considerable empirical support exists for the positive affect and negative affect components of the tripartite model of anxiety and depression proposed by L. A. Clark and D. Watson (1991); however, less attention has been paid to the physiological hyperarousal component of the model. The development of the Physiological Hyperarousal Scale for Children (PH-C; J. Laurent, S. J. Catanzaro, & T. E. Joiner Jr., 1995) is described. The psychometric properties of items are examined using students in Grades 6-12 (N = 398). Initial scale validation includes a joint factor analysis with the Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C; J. Laurent et al., 1999; J. Laurent, K. Potter, & S. J. Catanzaro, 1994). The relationship between the PH-C and existing measures that tap related constructs is examined. Together, the PH-C and PANAS-C provide a means to assess tripartite model constructs useful in differentiating anxiety and depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

'It's the end of the world as we know it': Threat and the spatial-symbolic self": Correction to Burris and Rempel (2004).

Reports an error in 'It's the End of the World as We Know It': Threat and the Spatial-Symbolic Self" by Christopher T. Burris and John K. Rempel (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004[Jan], Vol 86[1], 19-42). The article contained two errors. On page 35, second column, line 14, two of the word fragments are notated incorrectly. The word shown as s[k]ull should be sk[u]ll, and the word shown as as[h]es should be as[h]e[s]. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2003-11198-002.) According to amoebic self theory, the boundary defining the self encompasses 3 levels of self-representation--bodily, social, and spatial-symbolic. Study 1 related a newly developed measure of individual differences in sensitivity to boundary threat across these 3 domains to values and disgust sensitivity. Four subsequent studies focused on spatial-symbolic threat sensitivity and related it to right-wing authoritarianism, aversive reactions to unfamiliar out-groups, and revulsion to vermin. A final experiment illustrates how a salient spatial-symbolic threat (dust mites) can elicit reactions toward out-groups that closely parallel mortality salience effects observed in research inspired by terror management theory, even though dust mites do not elicit mortality concerns. The importance of preserving the familiar in order to preserve the self is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

BOSCH 传感器特性研究及信号调理电路的设计􀀂

在柴油机电控喷油泵中所采用的传感器是德国BOSCH公司的一种位移式传感器,它是电控喷油泵闭环控制系统中齿条位置反馈元件.本文针对该传感器进行了特性测试,并通过实验研究确定了喷油泵内齿条与传感器位置的物理零点,最后对传感器的信号调理电路进行了设计.     

土壤养分有效性测定及其方法

在提出土壤养分有效性测定概念的基础上 ,本文对各种土壤养分有效性的测定方法进行了总结 ,讨论了这些方法的测定机理、测定效果及近几年的进展。这些方法包括用于磷钾等元素测定的树脂法、用于氮测定的生物培养法和化学提取法、磷测定的氧化铁试纸法和氢氧化铁透析管法和钾的四苯硼钠法     

某星载大口径天线子系统的力学仿真分析

星载天线在发射及在轨阶段将面临严酷的力学环境,要求具有极高的可靠性。为了验证其刚度和强度,缩短研发周期,文中采用NX Nastran软件建立了某星载大口径天线子系统的力学仿真模型;为了验证仿真的有效性,进行了该天线子系统的模态测试,经对比发现两者数据一致性较好;基于建立的有限元模型,分析了该天线子系统在正弦振动和热循环环境工况下的结构响应和受力情况,得到了相应的加速度、位移和应力云图。结果表明,该天线子系统的结构刚强度均满足星载环境要求。该仿真分析对星载天线子系统的结构设计具有重要的指导意义。     

一种PCB远程故障诊断系统设计

介绍一种用于PCB远程故障诊断的基于PC机的串口测试系统，具有设计先进、结构简练、功能强大、性价比高、便于携带等特点。使用表明，提出的设计方案是切实可行的。