室温固相反应法制备纳米氧化锆及表征

以ZrOCl2.8H2O和NH4HCO3为原料,在适量表面活性剂(PEG-400)存在下,先在室温下充分混合研磨进行固相反应,得到的反应混合物再用水洗去其中的可溶性无机盐并烘干,即得氧化锆前驱体。前驱体经530℃下热解3h即得氧化锆产品,采用TG/DTA,XRD和TEM对前驱体及产品进行了表征。结果表明,所得产品氧化锆为结晶良好、以四方相为主的混合晶相,其平均粒径约为25nm。     

Preparation of PbO nanoparticles by microwave irradiation and their application to Pb(II)-selective electrode based on cellulose acetate

Nanosized lead oxide particles were prepared by thermal decomposition of lead hydroxycarbonate synthesized under microwave irradiation. Urea and lead nitrate were used as the starting materials. Microstructure and morphology of the products were investigated by means of XRD, AFM, TEM, and IR absorption spectra. The results indicated that well crystallized, finely dispersed and spherical -PbO nanoparticles with a size of ca. 30 nm were obtained. Meanwhile, an orthogonal phase β-PbO with a size of ca. 38 nm was also obtained when the calcinations temperature was up to 600 °C. In addition, a Pb(II)-selective electrode based on cellulose acetate was prepared using nanosized -PbO powders synthesized. The electrode exhibited a Nernstian slope of 29±1 mV per decade in a linear range of 2.5×10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹ to 1.0×10⁻¹ mol L⁻¹ for Pb²⁺ ion. The detection limit of this electrode is down to 8.0×10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹. This sensor has a short response time of about 10 s and could be used in a pH range of 2.0–8.0. High selectivity was obtained over a wide variety of metal ions.     

Surface Plasmon Resonance Enhanced Scattering of Au Colloidal Nanoparticles

Abstract Suspended gold nanoparticles have been synthesized via electrochemical method.The strongest resonance scattering peak is at 485 nm, which results from the surface plasmonresonance. When the excited wavelength is at 242 nm (12.4×10~(14) Hz), there have been a 1/2fraction frequency scattering peak at 485 nm (1/2×12.4×10~(14) Hz) and a 1/3 fraction frequencyscattering peak at 726 nm (1/3×12.4×10~(14) Hz) displayed. Emission spectra with different particlediameters were compared, the intensity of scattering light increases with the particle size. Thefrequency-dependent scattering average cross section of small particle was calculated from Mietheory. The model calculation is in agreement with the experimental results.     

金属与非金属纳米颗粒增强葡萄糖生物传感器

为了提高葡萄糖传感器的灵敏度和抗干扰性,利用纳米增强效应,以Au、Ag、Pt、SiO2纳米颗粒及金属-无机复合纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)构成复合固定酶膜基质,采用溶胶-凝胶法固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD),组成葡萄糖生物传感器.研究表明,纳米颗粒可以大幅度地提高固定化酶的催化活性,增加电极的电流响应灵敏度,改进生物传感器的抗干扰性能,使信噪比提高了32倍.     

纳米科技重大发现--富勒烯结构二硫化钼类纳米材料的研究进展

本文简要介绍富勒烯结构的纳米材料的研究开发现状，阐述了这类纳米材料的制备方法和形成机理，旨在指出这类材料具有重要的科学研究价值和潜在的应用价值。     

乙炔气氛下制备碳包铁纳米粒子及其表征

采用C2 H2 为碳源制备了碳包铁纳米粒子 ,通过X射线衍射 (XRD) ,透射电镜(TEM) ,热重 差热分析仪 (TG DSC)等分析手段对粒子的成分、形貌等进行了表征 ;在氮气氛中对粒子进行了退火处理 ,对碳包铁纳米粒子的形成机制进行了初步探讨。结果表明 :制备的粒子中含有α Fe相、FeC相和Fe3C相 ,没有铁的氧化物相出现。铁粒子在碳层的保护下有很好的抗酸蚀能力 ,碳层的存在也增强了纳米铁粒子的抗氧化能力。     

清梳联技术问题和发展现状的分析与讨论

针对清梳联工艺流程，讨论了与工艺质量相关的若干问题，分析了目前技术发展水平，指出我国清梳联的发展方向是进一步提高生产效率、提高产品质量和完善系统功能．     

Corrosion Resistance of an electrodeposited Zinc Coating Containing CeO2 Nanoparticles

A Zinc coating containing CeO2 nanoparticles has been deposited by electrodeposition in a zinc plating bath.The content of CeO2 in the coating is 0.22 mass%. The results of weight loss experiments and electrochemistry tests show that corrosion resistance of the Zinc coating containing CeO2 nanoparticles is remarkably improved in contrast to the pure zinc coating in 0.5 M MgSO4 solution. The effects of CeO2 microparticles on the corrosion resistance of the zinc coating have been studied, the results show that CeO2 microparticles have no effect on the corrosion resistance of the zinc coating. SEM and XRD experiments suggest that the presence of CeO2 nanoparticles in the coating causes the modification of the surface morphology and preferential orientation of the crystal planes; therefore, the reason for the enhancement of corrosion resistance is mainly related to improvement of the structure of the coating.     

Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles about Doped Rare Earth and Its Composites

The magnetic liquid was prepared with ferric salt by inorganic gel technology. The effect of the doped rare earth elements on the properties of magnetic particles was analyzed. The magnetic liquid was composed with clay mineral into magnetic mineral composites. The crystal structure and micro-morphology of the nanoparticles were studied by XRD and TEM. The results show that the crystal structure of the magnetic particles doped 0.5 % of lanthanum is more complete, and the magnetic response capability is higher with doping agent. At the same time, the possibility of the clay mineral magnetic composites as the carrier of target drug was probed.