奈非西坦药物的合成研究

以碳酸钠为缚酸剂,摩尔比为1︰1的2,6-二甲基苯胺与氯乙酰氯反应合成了中间体2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺;在强碱乙醇钠作用下,2-吡咯烷酮再与2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺经亲核取代合成了目标化合物奈非西坦。探讨了影响中间体和奈非西坦产率的因素,在乙醇钠、2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺和2-吡咯烷酮的摩尔比为2︰1︰2、反应时间为2 h的较佳工艺条件下,产品总收率达81%。     

2,3-环氧丙磺酸钠的合成及应用进展

综述了3 氯 2 羟基丙磺酸钠和2,3 环氧丙磺酸钠的合成及其在功能材料方面的应用。由环氧氯丙烷与亚硫酸氢钠反应可以生成3 氯 2 羟基丙磺酸钠,再由3 氯 2 羟基丙磺酸钠在碱性溶液中闭环生成2,3 环氧丙磺酸钠。2,3 环氧丙磺酸钠因其分子结构中既含有环氧基,又含有亲水性的磺酸盐基团,可通过环氧基的开环反应和共聚反应等制备许多性能优异的功能物质如:胶凝化剂、稠化剂、乳化剂、光敏材料、印染保护剂等。     

Sorption,diffusion, and swelling characteristics of sodium alginate and its blend membranes with poly(vinyl alcohol) in water–acetic acid mixtures

Sorption, diffusion, and swelling characteristics of sodium alginate and its blend membranes with poly(vinyl alcohol) were investigated for water–acetic acid mixtures by using a gravimetric method at 30, 40, and 50°C. The membranes were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques. Concentration‐independent diffusion coefficients were obtained by applying Fick's relationship before completion of equilibrium sorption. Permeation coefficients were calculated from sorption and diffusion coefficients. Concentration profiles of liquids were computed considering the sheet geometry for the membrane by solving Fick's equation under suitable boundary conditions. Arrhenius activation parameters were computed for the transport processes. Experimental results and calculated quantities were discussed to understand membrane–solvent interactions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1139–1150, 2004     

Comparison of single and coastal superphosphate for subterranean clover on phosphorus leaching soils

Coastal superphosphate, a partially acidulated rock phosphate (PARP), is being considered as an alternative fertilizer to single superphosphate for pastures in high rainfall (> 800 mm annual average) areas of south-western Australia. The effectiveness of single and coastal superphosphate, as P fertilizers, was measured in two field experiments using dry herbage yield of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum). The experiments were started in April 1990 and were terminated at the end of 1993. In the years after P applications, soil samples were collected each January to measure Colwell soil-test P, which was related to plant yields measured later on that year, to provide soil P test calibrations.Relative to freshly-applied single superphosphate, the effectiveness of freshly-applied coastal superphosphate and the residues of previously-applied single and coastal superphosphate were less effective in some years (from 3% as effective to equally effective), and up to 100% more effective in other years. This large range in effectiveness values in different years is attributed to different climatic conditions. Soil P test calibrations were different for soils treated with single or coastal superphosphate. The calibrations were also different for different yield assessments (harvests) in the same year, and in different years. Consequently soil P testing can only provide a very crude estimate of the current P status of the soils.     

火焰发射光谱法联合测定磷矿石和磷精矿中氧化钾及氧化钠

采用双通道的FP-640火焰光度计对磷矿中钾、钠元素进行联合测定试验。试验结果表明：在0．1％～1.0％区间内，K2O的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1．88％～2．93％，回收率为96．6％～102．7％；Na2O的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1．05％～2．10％，回收率为97．3％～101．2％。     

在二辛基磷酸钠的微乳液中金属盐的最大含量

测算了二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠(NaDEHP)或二(正辛基)磷酸钠(NaDOP)、正辛醇，正辛烷、水和金属盐(CoSO4、NiSO4、FeCl2、CuCl2和CaCl2等)组成的均匀单相微乳液中金属盐水溶液的极限增溶量(Vlim)和金属盐的最大含量(Smax)。相同条件下，NaDOP体系中的Vlim和Smax都比NaDEHP体系巾的高得多，这是因为NaDOP中的正辛基的空间位阻小。     

SDBS的表面张力对天然气水合物生成的影响

利用德国KRUSS公司生产的界面张力仪K11中的板法测定十二烷基苯磺酸钠在不同温度(5,10,20,30,35℃)和不同浓度下(100,400,800,1200,1600,2000 mg/L)的表面张力,确定有利于天然气水合物合成的最佳浓度为1 200 mg/L,这在工业应用中有着重要的参考价值,同时分析了表面活性剂加速天然气水合物生成的机理。     

甲酸钠法保险粉精馏效果的改进措施

针对安徽氯碱化工集团保险粉精馏系统存在的问题进行分析,采取控制措施,将亚硫酸钠加以回收,降低蒸汽消耗,使精馏塔工作状况趋于正常。     

次氯酸钠氧化法测定聚丙烯酰胺浓度的研究

阐述了次氯酸钠氧化法（浊度法）测定部分水解聚丙烯酰胺浓度的反应机理，研究了聚丙烯酰胺的相对分子质量、次氯酸钠溶液浓度、反应时间对吸光度值的影响，针对大庆油田杏二中三元复合驱采出水中含有碱和表面活性剂、pH值高、黏度大、富集硫化物和亚硫酸根等特点，提出采用过硫酸铵一浊度法检测三元复合驱采出水中聚丙烯酰胺浓度。     

提高水玻璃砂强度的新方法

本文分析了酯法比ＣＯ２法硬化水玻砂强度高的原因，指出提高水玻璃粘结效率的关键是细化水玻璃凝胶粒。