Use of X-ray computed microtomography to understand why gels reduce relative permeability to water more than that to oil

X-ray computed microtomography (XMT) was used to investigate why gels reduce relative permeability to water more than that to oil in strongly water-wet Berea sandstone. XMT allows saturation differences to be monitored for individual pores during various stages of oil, water, and gelant flooding. The method also characterizes distributions of pore size, aspect ratio, and coordination number for the porous media. We studied a Cr(III) acetate–HPAM gel that reduced permeability to water (at S_or) by a factor 80–90 times more than that to oil (at S_wr). In Berea, the gel caused disproportionate permeability reduction by trapping substantial volumes of oil that remained immobile during water flooding (i.e., 43.5% S_or before gel placement versus 78.7% S_or after gel placement). With this high trapped oil saturation, water was forced to flow through narrow films, through the smallest pores, and through the gel itself. In contrast, during oil flooding, oil pathways remained relatively free from constriction by the gel.     

基于系统矩阵有序实Schur分解的模型降阶

对复杂高阶系统进行模型简化，为研究与设计系统提供了方便的条件。对系统模型的降阶是控制系统设计与仿真工作者的一个重要研究课题，对高阶复杂系统的分析、设计、仿真等具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。针对目前比较成熟的基于系统矩阵的有序实Schur分解方法，提出了采用时矩输出拟合来改善降阶系统输出响应逼近程度的改进方法，从而使简化模型具有输出误差更小、计算简便等优点，通过给出的实例仿真证实了这一点。     

N-油酰基肌氨酸钠对除盐水缓蚀性能的探讨

对N-油酰基肌氨酸钠单体的缓蚀性能以及与常用除盐水缓蚀剂的协同作用作了探讨,发现在一定浓度下,单体对经过加氨调节后的高温除盐水(氨后除盐水)有良好的缓蚀作用,且与大多数除盐水缓蚀剂有良好的协同效应。在此基础上研制了一种复合药剂,并对其缓蚀、阻蚀性能作了研究。动电位极化曲线扫描图谱表明,该复合药剂属于抑制阳极腐蚀的阳极型缓蚀剂,其适用的水质条件为[Cl~-+SO_4~(2-)]不超过50 mg／L,pH不低于8.0；与阻垢剂复配,可以适用于含Ca~(2+)不超过45 mg／L的水质条件。     

Role of Perceived Importance in Intergroup Contact.

Furthering G. W. Allport's (1954) contentions for optimal contact, the authors introduce a new construct: the perceived importance of contact. They propose that perceived importance is the best proximal predictor of contact's reduction of prejudice. If individuals have opportunities for contact at work or in the neighborhood, their chances to have intergroup acquaintances and friends increase. Intergroup contact among acquaintances and friends can be perceived as more or less important, which in turn determines intergroup evaluations. A 1st study shows that the new measure of perceived importance is indeed distinct from established quantity and quality indicators. The results are cross-validated in a 2nd study that also sheds light on the meaning of importance. In 3rd and 4th studies, structural equation analyses and a meta-analysis support the hypotheses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

谈有机膨胀剂的使用

作者认为关于木素磺酸钠的低温起动性能优于腐植酸的看法比较片面,文中详细地分析比较了普遍采用的这两种添加剂的优缺点,并认为腐植酸与木素磺酸钠按一定比例混合使用的方法可以提高电池的充放电性能。     

一种制氢预转化催化剂还原的新方法

对上海高桥分公司2×10~4m~3/h(标准状态)制氢装置原设计的预转化催化剂还原流程进行了改进。先跳开预转化反应器,利用转化炉制取氢气,再用自产的高纯氢气代替重整氢,对预转化催化剂进行单独升温还原,避免了催化剂在还原初期因发生甲烷化反应而超温失活的问题,使催化剂具有更好的活性和稳定性。     

Signal Integrity: Fault Modeling and Testing in High-Speed SoCs

As we approach 100 nm technology the interconnect issues are becoming one of the main concerns in the testing of gigahertz system-on-chips. Voltage distortion (noise) and delay violations (skew) contribute to the signal integrity loss and ultimately functional error, performance degradation and reliability problems. In this paper, we first define a model for integrity faults on the high-speed interconnects. Then, we present a BIST-based test methodology that includes two special cells to detect and measure noise and skew occurring on the interconnects of the gigahertz system-on-chips. Using an inexpensive test architecture the integrity information accumulated by these special cells can be scanned out for final test and reliability analysis.     

在二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠的微乳液中金属萃合物对水增溶的影响

测算了由二（2－乙基己基）磷酸钠，金属盐（CoSO4,NiSO4,ZnSO4,MgCl2或Cr(NO3)3)水溶液，正辛醇和正辛烷组成的微乳液中正辛醇从连续油相到界面的ΔGo→i^o和水的极限增容量φ'H2O。用金属萃取络合物反胶束的形成及其亲油性解释了金属离子对φ'H2O和ΔGo→i^o的影响。     

2-乙基己酸的制备

研究了 2乙基己酸的制备 ,该反应是 2乙基己醇与氢氧化钠在催化剂存在下进行氧化、脱氢 ,生成产物2乙基己酸。通过实验找到了一种新型、高效、廉价的催化剂 ,以及最佳反应条件。通过对 2乙基己酸的分析测试 ,产品完全符合质量标准。     

Fastmet工艺评述

介绍了Ｆａｓｔｍｅｔ工艺及发展状况，并对工艺特点和指标进行了分析。使用冷固结含碳球团和转底炉使该工艺可直接采用粉矿和提高生产效率，但因硫含量高、铁品位低而产品质量较差。不过投资和生产成本与传统工艺比较却占有较大优势。