Mohr圆基准点的应用研究

对应力分析图解法的基准点唯一性进行了分析,进一步研究了Mohr圆基准点的应用.     

一种雨伞干燥及鞋底清洁两用装置

本文提出了一种雨伞干燥及鞋底清洁两用装置的创新实践方案,采用双STM32F103RBT6 单片机作为智能控 制中心,通过引入串口通信和外部中断检测技术把电动机主控器和信息处理与显示控制系统联系起来,组成完整的多功能清 洁干燥装置。该一体化系统使用编程思路与硬件设计相结合的方法控制装置实现鞋底清洁、雨伞干燥、人机界面交互的功能, 具有电路简单灵活、元件识别度高的特点。用户可通过电阻触摸屏直接查看设备的实时状态。经过测试,结果表明其具备较 高的稳定性和可行性。     

橡胶鞋底表面处理剂的研制

采用甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸接枝改性CR/SBS ,合成橡胶鞋底表面处理剂 ,解决了传统橡胶鞋底粘接强度不大等问题。着重探讨了反应条件对表面处理剂的影响和表面处理剂对橡胶鞋底的处理能力和处理效果。     

鞋底料用粉末丁腈橡胶改性PVC

用大粒径粉末丁腈橡胶（ＰＮＢＲ）改性ＰＶＣ并制备了鞋底专用料,研究了ＰＮＢＲ、增塑剂、填料及加工工艺对共混物性能的影响。结果表明,ＰＶＣ１００份（质量份,下同）,大粒径ＰＮＢＲ１０～３０份,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯５０～７０份,高芳烃油１０～３０份,超细碳酸钙２０份及适量助剂,用混炼－挤出或挤出－挤出加工工艺可以制得性能达到ＧＢ４４９２－８４指标的鞋底专用料。     

差分拉曼光谱结合聚类分析检验运动鞋鞋底

为建立一种快速、准确、无损的区分检验运动鞋鞋底的方法,采用差分拉曼光谱仪结合聚类分析方法对40个不同品牌,不同系列的白色运动鞋鞋底样品进行了检验研究。结果表明,根据鞋底样品的主要成分不同可将样品分为5类;同一类样品可依据添加的主要填料成分不同进行分组;同一组样品可依据特征峰的相对峰高比不同进行区分;利用聚类分析方法处理样品数据,当并类距离为2时,样品被分为5类,分类结果较为理想。该方法操作简便快速、结果准确可靠且无损检材,可为公安机关实际办案提供帮助。     

Leukocyte profile,gene expression,acute phase response,and metabolite status of cows with sole hemorrhages

Sole hemorrhages result from disruption to normal claw horn formation and are caused by a variety of internal and external factors. Evidence suggests that they are painful, although they do not usually cause clinical lameness and are difficult to detect by observing cow gait. Little is known about how or whether sole hemorrhages affect the cow systemically. This study compared hematology profile, leukocyte gene expression, and physiological responses of cows with no/mild hemorrhages (category 1; n = 17), moderate hemorrhages (category 2; n = 18), and severe hemorrhages (category 3; n = 12). At approximately 100 d in milk, all cows in the study herd (n = 374) were locomotion scored before hoof examination. The cows included in the study were not clinically lame and had no other hoof disorder. Blood samples were taken from all cows within 24 h of selection. Leukocyte counts were obtained using an automated cell counter, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentration by ELISA, and plasma haptoglobin, urea, total protein, creatine kinase and glucose were analyzed on a clinical chemistry analyzer. Expression of 16 genes associated with lameness or stress were estimated using real-time quantitative PCR. Data from cows within each category were compared using the Mixed procedure in SAS (version 9.3; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Fixed effects included hemorrhage severity category and lactation number, with days in milk and body condition score included as covariates. Locomotion score worsened as sole hemorrhage category worsened. Locomotion score of category 1 cows tended to be lower than that of category 2 cows and was lower than that of category 3 cows. The locomotion score of category 3 cows was also greater than that of categories 1 and 2 combined. Category had no effect on leukocyte number, on any of the individual leukocyte cell numbers or percentages, cortisol or DHEA concentration, cortisol:DHEA ratio, or relative expression of any of the genes investigated, and we detected no differences in plasma glucose, protein, or creatine kinase concentrations between categories. However, category 3 cows had greater plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and tended to have lesser concentrations of plasma urea than category 1 and 2 cows. The differences in gait between cows with no or minor sole hemorrhages and cows with severe hemorrhages indicate that hemorrhages may be associated with discomfort or pain. Nevertheless, the only physiological measure that changed with increasing locomotion score was plasma haptoglobin concentration. Haptoglobin has previously been found to be elevated in lame cows, and thus shows promise as a marker for limb pain.     

运动鞋中底用高弹性聚丙烯发泡材料的研制

以共聚聚丙烯(PP)树脂为主要原料,通过热塑性弹性体、多官能团助剂改性,获得可模压交联发泡PP材料。以带极性基团的改性烯烃类树脂提高粘接性能;通过调节聚烯烃弹性体、发泡剂、交联剂用量制得不同发泡倍率和力学性能的PP发泡材料,工业化生产出适合运动鞋中底的高弹性发泡材料。     

聚氯乙烯改性丁腈橡胶耐油泡沫鞋底的研究

鉴于丁腈橡腕的优异性能及国产丁腈橡胶的不足，研究了聚氯乙烯（PVC）改性丁腈橡胶耐油泡沫鞋底的性能，探讨了制品发泡工艺条件、主要组分的选择、原料的配比、增塑剂（DOP）、填料（CaCo3）、发泡剂（AC）对其密度、硬度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、断裂伸长率、拉伸强度、耐油性的影响，最终找出了使制品综合性能较好的原料配比。     

A study based on records taken at time of hoof trimming reveals a strong association between the IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) gene and sole hemorrhage in Holstein cattle

Feet and leg problems have a major effect on the well-being and lifespan of the dairy cow and thus are economically important to the dairy farmer. Apart from approaches using genetic selection for classical traits from conformation scoring, attempts for genetic improvement can be based either on records of individual disease cases or on records of disorder status at time of hoof trimming. In this study, 1,962 first-lactation cows were subjected to hoof trimming with an assessment of disorder status for sole hemorrhage as a binary trait. Cows were from 7 large commercial herds in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (northeastern Germany) that had similar housing with cubicles, slatted flooring, little use of straw for bedding, and total mixed ration feeding. Cows were trimmed and assessed once, focusing on cows in the first half of the lactation. Herds were visited at intervals to enable recording of cohorts at a similar stage of lactation. Each cohort or herd-visit included between 31 and 165 cows. Additional measurements included body weight, back fat thickness, and body condition at time of trimming. Further data on dairy production, conformation scores, and reproductive performance were merged after collection of records had finished. The DNA extracted from blood of 1,183 cows was used for analysis with a custom-made array of 384 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). The SNP were selected according to results from the literature for effects in classical conformation traits, from biochemical pathway analysis, and from comparative analysis of putative candidate genes in cattle, pigs, and sheep. Selection of cohorts of cows for SNP chip analysis was such that cohorts with extreme frequencies of disorders and cohorts with slightly deviating housing systems were excluded in this first step. The results from a mixed threshold model analysis with genotype included as a fixed effect and accounting for relationships among animals revealed that the intronic SNP rs29017173 (A/G) within the IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1, Bos taurus autosome 21) was significantly associated with disorder status. Back-transformed means of disorder status for the 3 genotypes were 0.37 (AA), 0.52 (AG), and 0.56 (GG). Using the full data set of 1,962 cows, including the less-suitable cohorts, gave back-transformed means of 0.51 (AA), 0.58 (AG), and 0.62 (GG). As SNP rs29017173 is included on the Illumina BovineSNP50 DNA Analysis BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA), a sample of 2,394 artificial insemination sires from the German calibration sample for genomic selection from birth years 1998 to 2003 was studied for possible correlated effects. The A/G polymorphism of SNP rs29017173 studied here was also associated with substantial effects for feet and leg traits from the classical conformation score system. Selection using this polymorphism will be facilitated by the fact that the same allele is favored for all traits with substantial effects.     

Polyurethane Solvent-Based Adhesives for Footwear Applications

Polyurethane solvent-based adhesives with and without tackifier having different solid contents were prepared. Viscosity of adhesives was found to increase with increasing resin content. Peel strengths of adhesives before and after aging were measured on PVC-Leather substrates and TPR-Leather substrates. It is found that the tackifier improves the adhesive strength of the polyurethane. In the case of TPR-Leather substrates all adhesives give good performance immediately on application of adhesive whereas in the case of PVC-Leather substrates good results are achieved only after 24 hrs of application. Shelf-life of the adhesives is found to be 6 to 12 months.