On the Transition from a Model to a Real Solid in the Course of Photoelastic Simulation of Problems of the Mechanics of Orthotropic Solids

We propose a method for the recalculation of dynamic stresses from a photoelastic model to a real solid in plane problems of the mechanics of orthotropic bodies. To estimate the accuracy of the method, we recalculate stresses for a problem with known theoretical solution.     

聚醚固体电解质锂电池放电性能研究

利用氧亚甲基连接的聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯多嵌段共聚物或氧亚甲基连接的聚氧乙烯多嵌段共聚物与高氯酸锂的络合物作电池的电解质,锂片作负极,几种含钒的化合物作正极,组装了全固态二次锂电池.研究了不同正极材料、不同电解质和不同温度对电池短路放电性能的影响以及电池的重复短路放电性能.研究表明,正极材料V_6O_(13)的性能优于Na_(1+x)V_3O_8;电解质(PEO)_n·LiClO_4的性能优于(PEO-PPO)_n·LiClO_4,这与它们的电导率分别为3.2×10~(-3)S·cm~(-1)和2.2×10~(-3)S·cm~(-1)是一致的.     

25℃NH_4Cl-KCl- H_2O三元体系相平衡的研究

研究了２５℃ＮＨ４Ｃｌ－ＫＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ三元体系的固液相平衡关系,测定出有关溶解度数据, 结果表明该体系存在纯 ＮＨ４Ｃｌ、纯 ＫＣｌ、 ＮＨ４Ｃｌ为主的固溶体及 ＫＣｌ为主的固溶体等 ４个 结晶区．     

河南省市售鱼虾蟹类及其制品营养成分调查分析

目的 分析河南省市售及加工鱼虾蟹类食品的营养成分,完善河南省特色食物成分数据库。方法 2017年12月—2020年12月对饭店和超市内售卖的鱼蟹类食品采样,分析其中的水分、灰分、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、总氮、糖类、多种维生素及人体必需的矿物质等营养成分。结果 水分、灰分含量水平基本一致;除油炸食品外均未检出糖类;蟹类能量含量整体偏高,炸鱼能量、蛋白质、总氮和脂肪整体高于鲜鱼;鱼虾蟹类脂肪酸的总量不高,不饱和脂肪酸比例大,二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）占主要成分,DHA含量较高的依次是鱿鱼0.209 g/100 g、龙虾0.181 g/100 g和巴沙鱼0.153 g/100 g,EPA依次是蟹黄1.07 g/100 g、小黄鱼0.38 g/100 g和鲫鱼0.297 g/100 g;鱼类全部检出氨基酸,虾蟹类90%检出,蟹类中蟹黄氨基酸含量较高。结论 鱼虾蟹类制品中,调味料及食用油对食物成分有影响;鲜品中不饱和脂肪酸的含量与总脂肪酸含量正相关,鱼类和蟹类单不饱和脂肪酸高,虾类与推荐比例一致。     

Mo~( 6)掺杂制备SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2/MoO_3固体超强酸催化合成氯乙酸异辛酯

以氯乙酸和异辛醇为原料,用Mo 6掺杂制备SO2-4/TiO2/MoO3的固体超强酸催化剂催化合成氯乙酸异辛酯,研究了酯化反应的优化条件。当n(异辛醇):n(氯乙酸)为1.1∶1;催化剂用量为反应物料质量的2.0%时,反应时间90min,氯乙酸异辛酯的收率达到95.5%。     

中温SOFC密封玻璃热稳定性研究

研究了一种热稳定性好的中温固体氧化物燃料电池密封玻璃. 研究表明, 此密封玻璃的热膨胀系数(室温～631℃)为9.8×10^-6/K, 与8YSZ电解质的热膨胀系数10.0×10^-6/K(室温～631℃)接近, 并且在700℃热处理300h后, 该密封玻璃的热膨胀系数几乎没有变化. 粘度实验表明, 玻璃在700℃下具有足够的刚性, 适合于运行温度在700℃左右SOFC的密封. 化学相容性的研究显示, 在700℃下与8YSZ反应300h后没有发现显著的界面反应.     

尖晶石相型LiM_(0.2)Mn_(1.8)O_4(M=Mg、Cd)相的晶格畸变与红外吸收峰频移

通过室温固相法制备了不同元素掺杂的前驱体,并采用分步煅烧法获得了尖晶石型LiMn2O4和LiM0.2Mn1.8O4(M=Mg、Cd)相。采用XRD和FTIR技术就元素掺杂对产物晶格畸变、Mn—O键长和键能强度等微观结构参数和光谱频移现象进行分析。结果表明,不同元素掺杂导致产物产生不同程度的晶格畸变。Mg元素掺杂使晶格收缩,Mn(Ⅳ)—O和Mn(Ⅲ)—O键收缩和键能强度增加,对应吸收峰发生蓝移;Cd元素掺杂使晶格膨胀,Mn(Ⅳ)—O和Mn(Ⅲ)—O键增长和键能强度降低,对应吸收峰发生红移。     

Enhanced π–π Interactions of Nonfullerene Acceptors by Volatilizable Solid Additives in Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Fine‐tuning of the nanoscale morphologies of the active layers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) through various techniques plays a vital role in improving the photovoltaic performance. However, for emerging nonfullerene (NF) PSCs, the morphology optimization of the active‐layer films empirically follows the methods originally developed in fullerene‐based blends and lacks systematic studies. In this work, two solid additives with different volatilities, SA‐4 and SA‐7, are applied to investigate their influence on the morphologies and photovoltaic performances of NF‐PSCs. Although both solid additives effectively promote the molecular packing of the NF acceptors, due to the higher volatility of SA‐4, the devices processed with SA‐4 exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 13.5%, higher than that of the control devices, and the devices processed with SA‐7 exhibit poor performances. Through a series of detailed morphological analyses, it is found that the volatilization of SA‐4 after thermal annealing is beneficial for the self‐assembly packing of acceptors, while the residuals due to the incomplete volatilization of SA‐7 have a negative effect on the film morphology. The results delineate the feasibility of applying volatilizable solid additives and provide deeper insights into the working mechanism, establishing guidelines for further material design of solid additives.