基于硼酸溶液处理的GaAs/InP低温晶片键合技术

提出了一种基于硼酸溶液的GaAs/InP低温晶片键合技术,实现了GaAs/InP基材料间简单、无毒性的高质量、低温(290℃)晶片键合。GaAs/InP键合晶片解理截面的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图显示,键合界面整齐,没有裂缝和气泡。通过键合过程,InP上的In0.53Ga0.47As/InP多量子阱结构转移到了GaAs基底上。X射线衍射及荧光谱显示,键合后的多量子阱晶体质量未变。二次离子质谱(SIMS)和Raman光谱图显示,GaAs/InP键合晶片的中间层厚度约为17 nm,界面处B元素有较高的浓度,键合晶片的中间层很薄,因此可以得到较好的电学、光学特性。     

一株枯草芽孢杆菌分离鉴定及其降解稠油特性

以稠油为唯一碳源,从被稠油污染过的土壤中筛选到一株高效石油烃降解茵,经生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA鉴定确认其为枯草芽孢杆茵.在摇瓶实验中,该菌最佳降解温度为35～45℃,最佳pH值为7.5～8.5,最佳盐质量浓度为8～16 g/L.在最佳降解条件下,当油质量浓度为0.1 g/L时,稠油降解率达34.3%.利用GC-nD分析知,该茵主要降解稠油中n-C9～n-C40的烷烃组分;利用GC-MS分析得知,该茵对蔡及烷基化萘去除彻底,对二苯并噻吩、芴和稠二萘等部分芳烃类化合物有降解作用,在稠油降解过程中菲及菲的衍生物有所增加.     

ICP-AES法测定钼钇合金中钇的质量分数

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）对钼钇合金中钇的质量分数进行了测定．对被测元素的分析谱线,仪器的主要参数,酸度的影响进行了试验,确定了最佳工作条件．结果表明,该方法的线性范围为0-10ug／mL,回收率为95．0％～106．2％,相对标准偏差小于3．34％．通过对钼钇合金试样的加标回收实验和反复测定,说明该方法稳定、快速和准确．     

流动注射在线预富集测定环境样品中痕量铅

流动注射在线无过滤沉淀-溶解系统被应用于火焰原子吸收测定环境水样中痕量铅。通过样品溶液和氨溶液的混合已经可以达到痕量铅的在线析出。结果沉淀物无需过滤就被收集在编结反应器的内壁上。引入1mol/L的HNO3溶液来溶解沉淀物并将分析物输送至火焰原子吸收光谱仪(FAAS)进行在线分析。样品载入流速为3.5mol?L-1/m in,富集时间40 s,增强因子37,检测频率60/h。检测限(3σ)为7.5μg/L。50μg/L水平时,精密度(RSD,n=11)为2.9%。采用该方法测定用简单水溶液标准校准后的国家标准材料(GBW 08607,河道水),所得铅浓度0.96±0.04g/g。结果与标准值(1.00±0.02g/g)非常接近。该方法也可以成功应用于多种水样中痕量铅的测定。     

AB8大孔树脂吸附与硅胶层析法分离姜酚的对比研究

采用硅胶柱层析和AB8大孔树脂吸脱附两种方法分离姜油树脂中的姜酚,采用气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)对分离样品进行表征,用峰面积归一化法对测试样品的气相色谱-质谱结果进行分析,确定了分离样品中各组分的相对峰面积百分比。以姜酚标准样品为参比,确定了姜油树脂所含姜酚在分离样品中的富集率。结果表明硅胶柱层析法的分离样品中姜酚集中在第3、4段,其中第4段含量最高,共鉴定出19种成分,姜酚峰面积百分数为14.34%,富集率为59.01%;采用AB8大孔树脂分离时姜酚集中在洗脱液前5号样,其中2号样含量较高,鉴定出11种成分,姜酚峰面积百分数为55.68%,富集率为70.88%。     

用三元络合物萃取-火焰原子吸收法测定食品中痕量镉

建立了一种测定食品中痕量镉的新方法.以茜素黄R和邻菲罗啉为螯合剂,以甲基异丁基甲酮为萃取剂,直接以有机相进样测定,提高了测定的选择性和灵敏度.考察了介质酸度、缓冲溶液及螯合剂的用量等对测定的影响,优化了测定条件.详细研究了常见元素对镉元素测定的干扰情况,用酒石酸钾钠做掩蔽剂,可以消除大量共存组分的影响.在最佳工作条件下,镉离子质量浓度在3.0×10-3 ～0.25 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,方法的检出限为1.7×10-3 μg· mL-1,对0.2 μg· mL-1的镉标准溶液进行9次平行测定,相对标准偏差为1.1％,检出限低,重现性好.该法用于食品中镉的测定,结果满意.     

生态葛根奶中铜、锌、铁、钙、镁含量测定

测定生态葛根奶中矿物质的含量,探讨其营养价值.硝酸-高氯酸消解样品,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定生态葛根奶(饲喂葛根4周)及未饲喂葛根的对照组奶样中铜、锌、铁、钙、镁的含量,应用F检验、SNK法和LSD-t检验对结果进行统计分析.测定方法的精密度介于0.04％～0.7％,平均回收率介于93.70％～106.20％.试验组和对照组比较:铜的含量差异没有统计学意义(F=2.702,P＞0.05);锌的含量差异没有统计学意义(F=1.684,P＞0.05);钙的含量差异没有统计学意义(F=2.253,P＞0.05);铁的含量试验组(饲喂葛根1周、2周、3周)高于对照组且差异有统计学意义(F=9.369,P＜0.05);镁的含量试验组(饲喂葛根1周、2周、4周)高于对照组且差异有统计学意义(F=4.142,P＜0.05).生态葛根奶中铜、锌、钙含量与普通奶中含量无显著差异,铁、镁的含量较普通奶含量丰富.     

Pheromone specificity inEriocrania semipurpurella (Stephens) andE. sangii (Wood) (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae) based on chirality of semiochemicals

The fifth abdominal segment of femaleEriocrania semipurpurella (Stephens) andE. sangii (Wood) contains a pair of exocrine glands. Hexane extracts of this segment were prepared from both species and analyzed by gas chromatography with simultaneous flame ionization and electroantennographic detection (EAD). For both species, the EAD active peaks were identified as nonan-2-one, (Z)-6-nonen-2-one, and (Z)-6-nonen-2-ol by means of mass spectrometry and comparison of retention indices with those of synthetic standards. Enantiomeric separation of chiral alcohols from the female extracts was achieved by gas chromatographic analysis on a cyclodextrin column. InE. semipurpurella, a mixture of (2S,6Z)-nonen-2-ol and (2R,6Z)-nonen-2-ol (2: I) was found, whereas inE. sangii (2S,6Z)-nonen-2-ol was the predominant enantiomer and only traces of theR enantiomer were indicated by the antennal response. In field tests, a blend of the three compounds was not attractive to conspecific males. A subtractive assay showed that the alcohol in various enantiomeric mixtures was the only attractive compound, whereas addition of (Z)-6-nonen-2-one to the alcohol completely inhibited the attraction of both species. A trapping experiment including a wide range of ratios between theR andS enantiomers showed that baits containing 95–100% of theS enantiomer were attractive to maleE. sangii, whereas males ofE. semipurpurella were attracted to all tested ratios of the enantiomers. However, the response profiles of maleE. semipurpurella differed between populations from southern Sweden, south Finland, and the Kola Peninsula in Russia. In south Sweden males were maximally attracted to a racemic mixture of the alcohols. At the Kola PeninsulaE. semipurpurella was attracted to baits containing 95–100% of theR enantiomer. In south Finland all tested ratios between 0 and 100%R enantiomer trappedE. semipurpurella, but the trap catches appeared to be bimodally distributed with peaks around 15 and 70%R enantiomer. The trapping results suggest the existence of pheromone races or sibling species among the specimens identified asE. semipurpurella.Dedicated to Prof. H. J. Bestmann on the occasion of his 70th birthday.     

Synthesis and photo-induced solution properties of new rigid-rod polyimides

A series of new, substituted pyromellitic dianhydrides were synthesized from 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene. New soluble rigid-rod polyimides were obtained from the dianhydrides and 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4′-biphenyl (PFMB) in phenolic solvents in the presence of isoquinoline as a catalyst. The polyimides are soluble in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), m-cresol and other solvents, in spite of having no bending in their rigid structures.

UV irradiation changed color of the polyimide solutions and also their viscosity. We observed new absorbance in the 700-nm region and an ESR signal by UV irradiation. The new visible absorbance and the ESR signal are derived from the same origin. They are attributed to the anion radical of the diimide moiety in the polyimide as deduced from the hyper fine structure of the ESR signal. In addition, UV irradiation diminishes the solution viscosity.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定连铸保护渣的化学成分

根据连铸保护渣成分及试样特点,对试样预处理、试样熔融条件、熔制程序及干扰校正等进行试验研究,运用X射线荧光光谱法测定连铸保护渣中主要化学成分的含量。测定结果显示,各成分校准曲线相关系数大于0.999,相对标准偏差小于0.5%,与化学法对照结果无显著差异。