火焰原子吸收光谱中各种干扰类型的研究

对１７组双组份干扰对的化学干扰效应进行了考察．用最小二乘法计算机求解对它们的干扰效应是否符合经验公式进行了验算．结果表明在火焰原子吸收光谱分析中，多数双组份的干扰可以用经验公式进行定量描述，只有干扰效应小和干扰效应出现正负值的情况除外．     

高岭土剪切絮凝除铁机理的研究

本文对高岭石、赤铁矿－油酸钠体系的物理化学行为进行了研究，借助矿物表面电性及红外光谱的研究结果，通过计算固体微粒间的各种相互作用势能对高岭土剪切絮凝除投机理进行了探讨。     

α－［GeW_（11）M（H_2O）O_（39）］~（n－）TBA盐的合成和特

合成了α－［ＧｅＷｌ１Ｍ（Ｈ２Ｏ）Ｏ３９］ｎ－（Ｍ＝Ｆｅ３＋或Ｃｏ２＋）的丁基镀盐（ＴＢＡ）．经元素分析、热重分析确定了化学组成，并做了ＩＲ、ＵＶ和极谱等特性研究。     

用于DLTS测试的MOS结构

本文采用阳极氧化工艺制备AlGaAs/GaAs自身氧化膜,进而制成MOS结构。对氧化膜的组分和稳定性,以及MOS结构的C—V特性进行了实际测量和理论分析。实验结果表明:经氮气退火后的氧化膜的电学性质稳定。本文得出了适合于深能级瞬态谱测试的MOS结构,及采用MOS结构进行DLTS测试的测试条件。     

近红外分析实验室模型的评价——在汽油管道自动调合的应用

采用近红外光谱技术的偏最小二乘法建立了汽油调合组分和产品汽油（90、93、97号）辛烷值、组成等性质的实验室模型，并用常规方法分析样品验证模型的准确性和稳定性。实验表明，其准确性达到标准方法对测定结果的要求。近红外光谱技术能在5min内快速、准确测定调合组分汽油和成品汽油的辛烷值、芳烃、烯烃、苯等性质。     

Prediction of the rheology parameters of ripened semi-hard cheeses using fluorescence spectra in the UV and visible ranges recorded at a young stage

Storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″), strain, tan (δ) and complex viscosity (η*) of 20 semi-hard cheeses were measured by dynamic oscillatory analysis after 2, 30 and 60 days of ripening. On the same cheeses and at the same ages, tryptophan and riboflavin fluorescence spectra were recorded. The aim was to predict the rheology parameters of ripened cheeses from spectra recorded on these cheeses at a young stage. Using partial least square, tryptophan fluorescence spectra recorded at 20 °C on 2-days-old cheeses predicted G′, G″, strain, tan (δ) and η* measured at 80 °C on the 60-days-old cheeses with correlation coefficients (R) of 0.98, 0.97, 0.98, 0.98 and 0.97, respectively. Riboflavin fluorescence spectra gave slightly lower correlation coefficients of 0.88, 0.88, 0.92, 0.87 and 0.88, respectively. Dependent only on visible light, the riboflavin fluorescence spectra potentially provide viable and economic prediction of the rheology of ripe cheese.     

Study of the influence of some organics as thiourea derivatives and butindiol in steel pickling baths

The corrosion inhibition effect of the following organic additives: 2‐butin‐1,4‐diol (BD), N,N′‐dimethylthiourea (DMTU), N,N′‐diethylthiourea (DETU) and N,N′‐diisopropylthiourea (DITU), in steel pickling baths (sulphuric acid solutions) was studied by means of weight loss and electrochemical measurements like open circuit potential (OCP), polarization curves and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A significant decrease in the corrosion rate was observed in presence of the investigated compounds depending on the nature and the concentration of the additives. The weight loss experiments show an inhibitory efficiency that reaches values beyond 98 %. The protective effect increases with the enlargement of the lateral chain size in the case of the thioureas. The electrochemical experiments show also a protective effect of the organic additives against corrosion. Their adsorptive behaviour is found to follow the Langmuir model.     

Prediction of botanical composition in grassland herbage samples by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was evaluated as a method to predict the botanical composition of seminatural grassland in ‘dehesa’ systems. Samples of herbaceous biomass were harvested over four consecutive years, determining in each—by manual separation—the proportion by weight of the following taxonomic groups: grasses, legumes and the rest of the families in a single block (‘others’). After reconstructing the natural samples they were analysed by NIRS. One set of samples (calibration set) was selected for the development of the equations, assaying different mathematical treatments (log l/R, first derivative and second derivative). The ranges of coefficients of multiple determination and standard errors of calibration, respectively, for the various components were: grasses, 0.86 to 0.92 and 6.66 to 9.14; legumes, 0.77 to 0.81 and 6.82 to 7.43; and ‘others’, 0.85 to 0.88 and 8.17 to 9.54. The remaining samples not included in the development of the NIRS equations (prediction set) were used for the purposes of validating the best equations. Standard errors of performance were: grasses, 6.12; legumes, 7.56 and ‘others’, 7.70.